scholarly journals Assessing the Accuracy of Fossil Datum Levels: <i>Globorotalia margaritae</i> Foraminiferida, a Pliocene Test Case

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. E. Weaver ◽  
H. Bergsten
Keyword(s):  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Simple Explanation ◽  
Piston Core ◽  
Global Arrays ◽  
Foraminiferal Species ◽  
Stratigraphic Ranges

Abstract. The stratigraphic distribution of the planktonic foraminiferal species Globorotalia margaritae has been determined in 34 DSDP, ODP and piston core sites from throughout the world’s oceans and from one land section. All these sites have good palaeomagnetic records, and thus the age of the first and last appearance of G. margaritae can be determined in each case. The results show strong diachronism and indicate that this is not a good species to use for correlation. There appears to be no simple explanation for this diachronism, dissolution is probably a contributing factor in the deeper sites, and the edges of the geographical range of the species show shorter stratigraphic ranges but these factors do not explain all the data. We suggest that diachronism in planktonic foraminifera may be common, but without global arrays of palaeomagnetically dated cores it will be very difficult to distinguish reliable species from unreliable ones.

Campanian-Maastrichtian ammonite and planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy from Tercis, France: Implications for defining the stage boundary

1997 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ward ◽  
William Orr
Keyword(s):  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
New Information ◽  
Biogeographic Provinces ◽  
Lower Maastrichtian ◽  
Stratotype Section ◽  
Stratigraphic Ranges ◽  
Excellent Source ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Reference Section ◽  
Upper Campanian

The Campanian-Maastrichtian-aged Grande Carriere quarry near Tercis, southwest France, contains a diverse and abundant assemblage of both micro-and macrofossils from a thick sequence of well-exposed limestones. Its fauna is also a mixture of both Boreal and Tethyan Province species. Because of these two traits, the quarry provides an excellent source of information about integrated biostratigraphic events among diverse taxa, as well as providing a reference section for correlation between the two biogeographic provinces. The quarry has recently been proposed as a candidate for the Campanian/Maastrichtian boundary stratotype section, while one ammonite found there, Pachydiscus neubergicus, has been proposed as the index fossil marking the base of the Maastrichtian Stage. We have made collections of Upper Cretaceous ammonites and planktonic foraminifera from limestones exposed in, and near this site, which yield new information about the relative stratigraphic ranges of Upper Campanian and Lower Maastrichtian ammonites and foraminifera.

scholarly journals Estimation of sinking velocities using free-falling dynamically scaled models: foraminifera as a test case

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Walker ◽  
Stuart Humphries ◽  
Rudi Schuech
Keyword(s):  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Dynamic Scaling ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Dimensionless Numbers ◽  
Settling Particles ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Sinking Velocities ◽  
Free Falling

AbstractThe velocity of settling particles is an important determinant of distribution in extinct and extant species with passive dispersal mechanisms, such as plants, corals, and phytoplankton. Here we adapt dynamic scaling, borrowed from engineering, to determine settling velocities. Dynamic scaling leverages physical models with relevant dimensionless numbers matched to achieve similar dynamics to the original object. Previous studies have used flumes, wind tunnels, or towed models to examine fluid flows around objects with known velocities. Our novel application uses free-falling models to determine the unknown sinking velocities of planktonic foraminifera – organisms important to our understanding of the Earth’s current and historic climate. Using enlarged 3D printed models of microscopic foraminifera tests, sunk in viscous mineral oil to match their Reynolds numbers and drag coefficients, we predict sinking velocities of real tests in seawater. This method can be applied to study other settling particles such as plankton, spores, or seeds.Summary StatementWe developed a novel method to determine the sinking velocities of biologically important microscale particles using 3D printed scale models.

scholarly journals Re-examination of the eruption age of Aira-Tn Ash(AT) obtained from a piston core off Shikoku. Determined by AMS 14C dating of planktonic foraminifera.

1993 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 787-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Murayama ◽  
Eiji Matsumoto ◽  
Toshio Nakamura ◽  
Makoto Okamura ◽  
Hisato Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Piston Core ◽  
Eruption Age ◽  
Ams 14C Dating

scholarly journals Towards a morphological metric of assemblage dynamics in the fossil record: a test case using planktonic foraminifera

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1691) ◽  
pp. 20150227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Y. Hsiang ◽  
Leanne E. Elder ◽  
Pincelli M. Hull
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Phylogenetic Signal ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Ecological Traits ◽  
The North ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Assemblage Size

With a glance, even the novice naturalist can tell you something about the ecology of a given ecosystem. This is because the morphology of individuals reflects their evolutionary history and ecology, and imparts a distinct ‘look’ to communities—making it possible to immediately discern between deserts and forests, or coral reefs and abyssal plains. Once quantified, morphology can provide a common metric for characterizing communities across space and time and, if measured rapidly, serve as a powerful tool for quantifying biotic dynamics. Here, we present and test a new high-throughput approach for analysing community shape in the fossil record using semi-three-dimensional (3D) morphometrics from vertically stacked images (light microscopic or photogrammetric). We assess the potential informativeness of community morphology in a first analysis of the relationship between 3D morphology, ecology and phylogeny in 16 extant species of planktonic foraminifera—an abundant group in the marine fossil record—and in a preliminary comparison of four assemblages from the North Atlantic. In the species examined, phylogenetic relatedness was most closely correlated with ecology, with all three ecological traits examined (depth habitat, symbiont ecology and biogeography) showing significant phylogenetic signal. By contrast, morphological trees (based on 3D shape similarity) were relatively distantly related to both ecology and phylogeny. Although improvements are needed to realize the full utility of community morphometrics, our approach already provides robust volumetric measurements of assemblage size, a key ecological characteristic.

scholarly journals On the age and correlation of the St. Erth Beds, S.W. England, based on planktonic foraminifera

1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Graham Jenkins ◽  
John E. Whittaker ◽  
R. Carlton
Keyword(s):  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Late Pliocene ◽  
Stratigraphic Ranges

Abstract. The paper illustrates and describes 15 species of planktonic foraminifera from the St. Erth Beds, Cornwall, S.W. England. The overlap of the stratigraphic ranges of Globorotalia inflata (d’Orbigny), G. praehirsuta Blow, G. tosaensis Takayanagi &amp; Saito, Pulleniatina primalis Banner &amp; Blow, Neogloboquadrina humerosa (Takayanagi &amp; Saito) and dextrally coiled N. pachyderma (Ehrenberg) places the age of the fauna in the Globorotalia inflata Zone, Late Pliocene. The absence of Globorotalia puncticulata (Deshayes), G. truncatulinoides (d’Orbigny) and Neogloboquadrina atlantica (Berggren) confirms this age assignment and with the presence of G. inflata (d’Orbigny), the deposition of St. Erth beds can now be accurately placed at between 2.1 and 1.9 Ma. For this paper, it has been acceped that the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary is marked by the first evolutionary appearance of G. truncatulinoides at about 1.9 Ma.

scholarly journals The Interdependency of the Morphological Variations of the Planktonic Foraminiferal Species Globigerina bulloides in Surface Sediments on the Environmental Parameters of the Southwestern Indian Ocean

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abhijit Mazumder ◽  
Neloy Khare ◽  
Pawan Govil
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Globigerina Bulloides ◽  
Foraminiferal Species ◽  
Ecological Parameters

18 surface sediment samples collected from a north-south transect along the Indian Ocean have been analyzed for planktonic Foraminifera content. Among the other planktonic foraminiferal faunas, Globigerina bulloides was present substantially in all samples. Census data of G. bulloides were measured for different parameters (average size, mean proloculus size, coiling direction, and number of chambers) and a Q-mode cluster analysis was applied on these data. Samples were segregated into two homogeneous clusters, each reflecting particular environmental conditions. Two clusters are as follows: (1) Cluster A, comprised of 6 samples and characterized by the highest range of foraminiferal and ecological parameters, except sea surface temperature and salinity which shows the lowest range, and (2) Cluster B, comprised of 12 samples and characterized by the lowest range of foraminiferal parameters and ecological parameters, except sea surface temperature and salinity which shows the highest range. The study suggests that the ecological parameters are the governing factors for the morphological characteristics of planktonic foraminiferal species G. bulloides.

scholarly journals The new foraminiferal genus <i>Ammogloborotaloides</i> n. gen. and subfamily Ammogloborotaloidinae n. subfam. from the Neogene of Venezuela: an example of isomorphism between agglutinated and planktonic Foraminifera

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Michael A. Kaminski ◽  
Jime Contreras
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Foraminiferal Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Globorotalia Truncatulinoides

Abstract. We report the occurrence of two new species of the new agglutinated foraminiferal genus Ammogloborotaloides in the Miocene of western Venezuela. These two taxa have been assigned informal names and have been known to the petroleum industry in Venezuela for many years, but have never been described. A. truncatulinoidiformis n. sp. is the type species and the second species, A. sp. 16, is left in open nomenclature. The two species of Ammogloborotaloides are strongly isomorphic with the planktonic foraminiferal species Globorotalia truncatulinoides and Globorotalia crassaformis, and illustrate the possible evolutionary connections between agglutinated benthics and the planktonic foraminifera.

scholarly journals Palaeogene triserial planktonic foraminifera

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Graham Jenkins ◽  
John E. Whittaker ◽  
Dennis Curry
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Test Surface ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Late Oligocene ◽  
Foraminiferal Species

Abstract. Triserial planktonic foraminiferal species from the Palaeogene are classified into the Early Danian Guembelitria, with pore mounds on the test surface, and the Early Eocene-Late Oligocene Jenkinsina, which are also microperforate but lack pore mounds. The stratigraphic and palaeogeographic ranges are discussed, the holotype of G. cretacea Cushman (the type species of Guembelitria) is re-illustrated, and neotypes designated for G. danica (Hofker) and Jenkinsina triseriata (Terquem). Chiloguembelitria is shown to be a junior synonym of Guembelitria.

scholarly journals FORAMINIFERA ASSEMBLAGES AS A MARKER OF MUD ERUPTION SOURCE IN CIUYAH, CINIRU – KUNINGAN, WEST JAVA

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Vijaya Isnaniawardhani ◽  
Faizal Muhamadsyah ◽  
Adjat Sudrajat
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Host Rock ◽  
Field Observation ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Planktic Foraminifera ◽  
Side Rock ◽  
Foraminiferal Species ◽  
Neogloboquadrina Dutertrei ◽  
Stratigraphic Ranges

Mud eruptions that rise claystone to sandstone-size fragments, liquid, gas, and heat to the surface have been identified in Ciuyah, Ciniru District, Kuningan. Field observation and sampling were conducted on host rock as well as mud in Ciuyah. Forty-two planktic and forty-two benthic foraminiferal species were identified in rock samples; while 89.28% of them are recorded in mud samples. Foraminifera contained in claystone and sandstone of Pemali and Halang Formations reveals the age of Middle to Late Miocene. Based on their stratigraphic ranges, planktic foraminifera assemblages in mud represent four age-marker groups, there are: older than Zone N.10 / Middle Miocene (indicated by the appearance of Globorotalia archeomenardii), ranges of Zone N.11 – N.12 / Middle Miocene (marked by the appearance of Globorotalia fohsi lobata and Globorotalia praemenardii), ranges of Zone N.13–N.14 / Middle Miocene (Globorotalia siakensis and Globorotalia mayeri), and ranges of Zone N.15–N.17 / Late Miocene (Globorotalia acostaensis acostaensis and Neogloboquadrina dutertrei dutertrei). Benthic foraminifera can be grouped into outer neritic and bathyal typical assemblages. That several age-marker planktic foraminifera groups mixing and deep marine typical benthic occurrence in mud samples is produced by reworking process during turbidity sedimentation, as well as erosion and elution of base- and side-rock composed by Pemali and Halang Formations.Semburan lumpur yang membawa fragmen-fragmen berukuran batulempung hingga batupasir, cairan, gas dan panas ke permukaan telah teridentifikasi di Ciuyah, Kecamatan Ciniru, Kuningan. Observasi  lapangan dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan terhadap batuan induk serta lumpur di Ciuyah dan sekitarnya. Empat puluh dua spesies foraminifera planktik dan empat puluh dua spesies bentik teridentifikasi dalam sampel batuan; dengan 89,28% di antaranya terekam dalam sampel lumpur. Foraminifera yang terkandung dalam batulempung dan batupasir Formasi Pemali dan Halang menunjukkan umur Miosen Tengah hingga Akhir. Berdasarkan rentang stratigrafinya, kumpulan foraminifera planktik dalam lumpur menunjukkan empat kelompok penanda umur, yaitu: lebih tua dari Zona N.10 / Miosen Tengah (ditunjukkan oleh kehadiran Globorotalia archeomenardii), rentang Zona N.11 - N.12 / Miosen Tengah (ditandai oleh kehadiran Globorotalia fohsi lobata dan Globorotalia praemenardii), rentang Zona N.13 -N.14 / Miosen Tengah (Globorotalia siakensis dan Globorotalia mayeri), dan rentang Zona N.15 - N.17 / Miosen Akhir (Globorotalia acostaensis acostaensis dan Neogloboquadrina dutertrei dutertrei). Foraminifera bentik dapat dikelompokkan dalam kumpulan neritik luar dan batial. Beberapa kelompok penanda umur foraminifera planktik dan kehadiran bentik laut dalam pada lumpur dihasilkan oleh pengerjaan ulang selama sedimentasi turbidit, serta erosi dan elusi batuan dasar dan batuan samping yang tersusun oleh Formasi Pemali dan Halang.

Diversity of Recent Planktonic Foraminifera in the Southern Indian Ocean and Late Pleistocene Paleotemperatures

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas F. Williams ◽  
William C. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Southern Indian Ocean ◽  
Piston Core ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Core Data ◽  
Core Samples

Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages have been examined in 25 trigger core top samples and 51 piston core top samples collected between latitudes 28° S and 55° S and longitudes 79° E and 120° E from the southern Indian Ocean during cruises of the U.S.N.S. Eltanin. Samples taken from water depths exceeding 4000 m and/or showing evidence of calcium carbonate dissolution were eliminated from further analysis. The final piston core data set consists of 34 samples; the trigger core data set containing 21 samples. A close relationship exists between changes in the planktonic foraminiferal assemblages in the surface sediments and surface water temperatures. Species diversity values were computed for each of the core top assemblages using the Shannon-Wiener Index and the Brillouin Index, each of which takes into consideration the number of species and the proportionment of individuals among the species. The Shannon and Brillouin diversity values for all samples are positively correlated (correlation coefficient (r) = +.999). Regression analysis of latitude versus Shannon diversity values in the trigger core samples clearly shows a decrease in diversity with increasing latitude (r = −.979). Furthermore, a strong correlation (r = +.977) exists between decreasing species diversity (Shannon) and decreasing average summer-winter temperature of the overlying surface waters. A paleotemperature equation derived from the relationship of diversity in trigger core samples and surface water temperature was used to generate paleotemperature curves for five trigger cores and a 6 m piston core of Late Pleistocene age, located beneath the present position of the Subtropical Convergence. A 7–8° C temperature range is suggested between the interglacial and glacial episodes in this Late Pleistocene sequence, and probably reflects latitudinal shifts of the Subtropical Convergence and Australasian Front during the Late Pleistocene.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document