Understanding the properness of incorporating machine learning algorithms in safety-critical systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Gharib ◽  
Tommaso Zoppi ◽  
Andrea Bondavalli
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Safety Critical ◽  
Safety Critical Systems

scholarly journals Machine Learning Approach in Heterogeneous Group of Algorithms for Transport Safety-Critical System

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaehyung An ◽  
Alexey Mikhaylov ◽  
Keunwoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Optimal Algorithm ◽  
Heterogeneous Group ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Safety Critical ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Transport Safety ◽  
Safety Critical Systems

This article presents a machine learning approach in a heterogeneous group of algorithms in a transport type model for the optimal distribution of tasks in safety-critical systems (SCS). Applied systems in the working area identify the determination of their parameters. Accordingly, in this article, machine learning models are implemented on various subsets of our transformed data and repeatedly calculated the bounds for 90 percent tolerance intervals, each time noting whether or not they contained the actual value of X. This approach considers the features of algorithms for solving such important classes of problem management as the allocation of limited resources in multi-agent SCS and their most important properties. Modeling for the error was normally distributed. The results are obtained, including the situation requiring solutions, recorded and a sample is made out of the observations. This paper summarizes the literature review on the machine learning approach into new implication research. The empirical research shows the effect of the optimal algorithm for transport safety-critical systems.

scholarly journals Towards a More Reliable Interpretation of Machine Learning Outputs for Safety-Critical Systems Using Feature Importance Fusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11854
Author(s):  
Divish Rengasamy ◽  
Benjamin C. Rothwell ◽  
Grazziela P. Figueredo
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Decision Fusion ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Safety Critical ◽  
Ensemble Strategy ◽  
Feature Importance ◽  
Safety Critical Systems

When machine learning supports decision-making in safety-critical systems, it is important to verify and understand the reasons why a particular output is produced. Although feature importance calculation approaches assist in interpretation, there is a lack of consensus regarding how features’ importance is quantified, which makes the explanations offered for the outcomes mostly unreliable. A possible solution to address the lack of agreement is to combine the results from multiple feature importance quantifiers to reduce the variance in estimates and to improve the quality of explanations. Our hypothesis is that this leads to more robust and trustworthy explanations of the contribution of each feature to machine learning predictions. To test this hypothesis, we propose an extensible model-agnostic framework divided in four main parts: (i) traditional data pre-processing and preparation for predictive machine learning models, (ii) predictive machine learning, (iii) feature importance quantification, and (iv) feature importance decision fusion using an ensemble strategy. Our approach is tested on synthetic data, where the ground truth is known. We compare different fusion approaches and their results for both training and test sets. We also investigate how different characteristics within the datasets affect the quality of the feature importance ensembles studied. The results show that, overall, our feature importance ensemble framework produces 15% less feature importance errors compared with existing methods. Additionally, the results reveal that different levels of noise in the datasets do not affect the feature importance ensembles’ ability to accurately quantify feature importance, whereas the feature importance quantification error increases with the number of features and number of orthogonal informative features. We also discuss the implications of our findings on the quality of explanations provided to safety-critical systems.

Forecasting US movies box office performances in Turkey using machine learning algorithms

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 6579-6590
Author(s):  
Sandy Çağlıyor ◽  
Başar Öztayşi ◽  
Selime Sezgin
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Box Office ◽  
Industry Forecast ◽  
The Impact

The motion picture industry is one of the largest industries worldwide and has significant importance in the global economy. Considering the high stakes and high risks in the industry, forecast models and decision support systems are gaining importance. Several attempts have been made to estimate the theatrical performance of a movie before or at the early stages of its release. Nevertheless, these models are mostly used for predicting domestic performances and the industry still struggles to predict box office performances in overseas markets. In this study, the aim is to design a forecast model using different machine learning algorithms to estimate the theatrical success of US movies in Turkey. From various sources, a dataset of 1559 movies is constructed. Firstly, independent variables are grouped as pre-release, distributor type, and international distribution based on their characteristic. The number of attendances is discretized into three classes. Four popular machine learning algorithms, artificial neural networks, decision tree regression and gradient boosting tree and random forest are employed, and the impact of each group is observed by compared by the performance models. Then the number of target classes is increased into five and eight and results are compared with the previously developed models in the literature.

Intelligent system of English composition scoring model based on improved machine learning algorithm

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jie Liu ◽  
Lin Lin ◽  
Xiufang Liang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
English Composition ◽  
Region Extraction ◽  
Constraint Model

The online English teaching system has certain requirements for the intelligent scoring system, and the most difficult stage of intelligent scoring in the English test is to score the English composition through the intelligent model. In order to improve the intelligence of English composition scoring, based on machine learning algorithms, this study combines intelligent image recognition technology to improve machine learning algorithms, and proposes an improved MSER-based character candidate region extraction algorithm and a convolutional neural network-based pseudo-character region filtering algorithm. In addition, in order to verify whether the algorithm model proposed in this paper meets the requirements of the group text, that is, to verify the feasibility of the algorithm, the performance of the model proposed in this study is analyzed through design experiments. Moreover, the basic conditions for composition scoring are input into the model as a constraint model. The research results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper has a certain practical effect, and it can be applied to the English assessment system and the online assessment system of the homework evaluation system algorithm system.

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