Obtaining Viable Tumor Cells Through Percutaneous Pulmonary Needle Biopsy

Objective: High-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) testing should be performed on all patients with newly diagnosed oropharyngeal HPV-associated squamous cell carcinoma (OPHPVSCC), and p16 immunostaining can be used as a surrogate marker. Although in surgical pathology specimens p16 staining in > 70% of the tumor cells is considered a positive result, the interpretation in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens has remained controversial. Study Design: FNA of neck lymph nodes and corresponding surgical specimens from 42 patients with OPHPVSCC were reviewed. Results: In FNA specimens, 38 cases (90.5%) had viable tumor cells, 32 (76.2%) had keratin debris, and 36 (85.7%) had degenerated keratinized tumor cells. Twenty-seven of 27 (100%) had positive p16 staining in > 70% of viable tumor cells, while the degenerated tumor cells were negative. Twenty of 24 (83.3%) primary OPHPVSCC exhibited focal degenerated keratinized tumor cells and/or keratin debris. Conclusions: This study showed that the majority of the OPHPVSCC metastases in lymph nodes had degenerated keratinized tumor cells and keratin debris. Many primary OPHPVSCC also demonstrated focal keratinization and/or degeneration. The degenerated tumor cells showed no immunoreactivity to p16. The same 70% cutoff used in histologic specimens should be applied in cytologic specimens, but only the viable tumor cells should be counted.

Download Full-text

Abstract 3533: Elevated expression of heme related proteins in viable tumor cells treated with vascular disrupting agent, combretastatin A-4 phosphate in xenograft models of NSCLC

10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-3533 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Sanchareeka Dey ◽

Sharda Kumari ◽

Sarada Preeta Kalainayakan ◽

Poorva Ghosh ◽

Li Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tumor Cells ◽

Vascular Disrupting Agent ◽

Viable Tumor ◽

Elevated Expression ◽

Xenograft Models ◽

Related Proteins ◽

Vascular Disrupting

Download Full-text

FDG PET Scan Alone Better Predicts Progression Free Survival at 2 Years Compared to CT Imaging in Aggressive Histology Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Following Initial Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v104.11.3299.3299 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 104 (11) ◽

pp. 3299-3299 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gregory A. Wiseman ◽

Malik E. Juweid ◽

Eric M. Rohren ◽

James E. Wooldridge ◽

Michael M. Graham

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Pet Imaging ◽

Fdg Pet ◽

Ct Imaging ◽

Pet Scan ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Viable Tumor ◽

Fdg Pet Scan ◽

Pet Scans

Abstract Background: CT imaging has routinely been used for assessing therapy response in most malignancies including Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (NHL). The presence of residual tumor is generally categorized using the International Workshop Criteria from CT imaging and bone marrow biopsies for assessing response after treatment. CT imaging has limitations in assessment of response to therapy in NHL with false positive results due to residual masses having viable tumor cells in less than 20% and the remainder being fibrosis or necrosis. In addition false negative CT results are seen due to viable tumor cells in nodes measuring less than 1.5 cm in size. F-18 FDG PET scans provide metabolic imaging of viable tumor cells due to uptake and retention of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose preferentially in malignant cells. Method: Forty-eight patients with aggressive NHL having completed anthracycline-based chemotherapy had the post therapy FDG PET scans and CT scans reviewed by experienced readers blinded from the comparison scan and from the clinical history. PET scans were read as positive or negative for abnormal FDG consistent with residual viable tumor and the CT was read as positive or negative for nodes greater than 1.5 cm in diameter. Records were reviewed for tumor histology and evidence of tumor relapse with a median follow-up of 35 months. Results: The FDG PET and CT imaging prediction of PFS at 2 years had positive predictive values of 67% and 38%, negative predictive values of 88% and 78%, and accuracy of 81% and 50% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the FDG PET scan was 71% and 82% for predicting disease progression within 2 years from beginning treatment. Conclusion: FDG PET imaging was compared with CT imaging done after completing initial chemotherapy for aggressive NHL and demonstrated superior prediction of tumor response status at 2 years. These results indicate that FDG PET imaging should be combined with bone marrow biopsy for restaging aggressive NHL after completion of chemotherapy. The use of FDG PET is more accurate and should replace response assessment by CT imaging in most pateints with aggressive NHL following treatment.

Download Full-text

Immediate post-thermal ablation biopsy of colorectal liver metastases to predict oncologic outcomes.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.4602 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 4602-4602

Author(s):

Nikiforos Vasiniotis Kamarinos ◽

Efsevia Vakiani ◽

Mithat Gonen ◽

Nancy E. Kemeny ◽

Anne M. Covey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Metastases ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Thermal Ablation ◽

Colorectal Liver Metastases ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Contrast Material ◽

Maximum Diameter ◽

Minimal Risk ◽

Viable Tumor

4602 Background: Thermal ablation (TA) is used as a local cure for selected colorectal liver metastases (CLM) with minimal risk. A critical limitation of TA has been early local tumor progression (LTP). The goal of this study is to establish the role of ablation zone (AZ) biopsy in predicting LTP. Methods: This institutional review board-approved prospective study included patients with CLM of 5cm or less in maximum diameter, with confined liver disease or stable, limited extrahepatic disease. Both radiofrequency(RF) and microwave(MW) ablation modalities were used. A biopsy of the center and margin of the AZ was performed immediately after ablation. The applicators were also examined for the presence of viable tumor cells. All samples containing morphologically identified tumor cells were further interrogated with immunohistochemistry to determine the proliferative and viability potential of the detected tumor cells. Ablation margin size was evaluated on the first CT scan performed 4–8 weeks after ablation and was confirmed by 3D assessment with Ablation Confirmation Software (Neuwave™). Variables were evaluated as predictors of time to LTP with the competing-risks model (uni- and multivariate analyses). Results: Between November 2009 and February 2019, 102 patients with 182 CLMs were enrolled. Mean tumor size was 2.0 cm (range, 0.6–4.8 cm). MW was used in 95/182 (52%) tumors and RF in 87/182 (48%). Median follow-up was 19 months. Technical effectiveness was evident in 178/182 (97%) ablated tumors on the first contrast material–enhanced CT at 4–8-weeks post-ablation. The cumulative incidence of LTP at 12 months was 19% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14, 27). Samples from 64 (35%) of the 178 technically successful cases contained viable tumor. At univariate analysis, tumor size, minimal margin size, and biopsy results were significant in predicting LTP. In a multivariate model, margin size of less than 5 mm (P < .001; hazard ratio [HR], 4.3), and positive biopsy results (P = .02; HR, 1.8) remained significant. LTP within 12 months after TA was noted in 3% (95% CI: 1, 6) of tumor-negative biopsy CLMs with margins of at least 5 mm. Conclusions: Biopsy and pathologic examination of the AZ predicts LTP regardless of TA modality used. This can optimize ablation as a potential local cure for patients with limited CLM.

Download Full-text

Viable Tumor Cells in Blood and Lungs of Mice with Metastasizing and Non-Metastasizing Transplantable Tumors

Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.3181/00379727-113-28530 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 113 (4) ◽

pp. 914-917 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

H. Garcia ◽

G. Gasic ◽

T. Baydak

Keyword(s):

Tumor Cells ◽

Viable Tumor ◽

Transplantable Tumors

Download Full-text

Genomic analysis of circulating tumor cells in adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate: a case report

BMC Medical Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12920-021-01068-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Junji Kitamura ◽

Satoru Taguchi ◽

Takatsugu Okegawa ◽

Kazuki Honda ◽

Toshihiko Kii ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ct Scan ◽

Effective Treatment ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Circulating Tumor Cells ◽

Needle Biopsy ◽

Adenosquamous Carcinoma ◽

Genomic Analysis ◽

Prostatic Adenocarcinoma ◽

Initial Diagnosis ◽

Carcinoma Of The Prostate

Abstract Background Adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate (ASCP) is an extremely rare and aggressive prostate cancer variant, whose genomic characteristics have not been elucidated. Although liquid biopsy of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is an emerging topic in oncology, no study has assessed CTCs in patients with ASCP. Case presentation. A 76-year-old man presented with discomfort in his urethra. His prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was 13.37 ng/mL. A computed tomography (CT) scan indicated a prostate mass with multiple lymph node and lung metastases. The patient underwent transurethral resection of the prostate and prostatic needle biopsy; both specimens demonstrated Gleason grade group 5 acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Bone scintigraphy indicated bone metastasis in the ischium. Combined androgen blockade was implemented, and his serum PSA level rapidly decreased to 0.01 ng/mL. However, a CT scan 6 months after the initial diagnosis revealed worsening of the disease. The patient therefore underwent repeated prostatic needle biopsy; its specimen demonstrated prostatic adenocarcinoma together with squamous carcinoma components. As immunohistochemical analyses showed the tumor cells to be negative for CD56, chromogranin A, synaptophysin, and PSA, the definitive diagnosis was ASCP. Although the patient underwent chemotherapy (docetaxel and cabazitaxel), he died of the disease 3 months after the diagnosis of ASCP, or 13 months after the initial diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma. His PSA values remained ≤ 0.2 ng/mL. CTCs from the patient’s blood (collected before starting docetaxel) were analyzed and genomically assessed. It showed 5 cytokeratin (CK)+ CTCs, 14 CK− CTCs, and 8 CTC clusters, per 10 mL. Next-generation sequencing identified a total of 14 mutations in 8 oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes: PIK3CB, APC, CDKN2A, PTEN, BRCA2, RB1, TP53, and CDK12. Of 14 mutations, 9 (64%) were detected on CK− CTCs and 5 (36%) were detected on CK+ CTCs. Conclusions This is the first report of CTC analysis and genomic assessment in ASCP. Although the prognosis of ASCP is dismal due to lack of effective treatment, genomic analysis of CTCs might lead to effective treatment options and improved survival.

Download Full-text

Histologic Response Following Pre-Operative Radiotherapy for Soft Tissue Sarcoma (STS) in a French Reference Center and Review

Clinical Oncology and Research ◽

10.31487/j.cor.2020.08.24 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Sunyach Marie ◽

Severine Prapan ◽

Aurelie Bertaut ◽

Marie Karanian ◽

Gualter Vaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Local Recurrence ◽

Soft Tissue Sarcoma ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Distant Recurrence ◽

Recurrence Free Survival ◽

Histologic Response ◽

Free Survival ◽

Viable Cells ◽

Viable Tumor

Background and Purpose: Limb sparing surgery and radiotherapy is the main treatment of patients harboring soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity. There is limited data regarding the prognostic impact of histologic response after pre-operative radiotherapy. Patients and Methods: Between 2010 and 2018, 123 patients were treated with a pre-operative radiotherapy for soft tissue sarcoma at Leon Berard Centre (Lyon, France) and were retrospectively reviewed. All patients received a dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions. The histologic response has been analysed by considering the following factors: necrosis ≥ 90%, percentage of viable tumor cells ≤ 10% and fibrosis ≥ 10%. Overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS) and event-free survival (EFS) were evaluated. Results: Median follow up was 33.2 months (range 2.3-128.1 months). Local recurrence occurred in 9 patients (7.5%) and 40 patients (33%) presented a distant recurrence. The 2 and 5-year OS was 84% and 63%. Histologic response factors (necrosis ≥ 90%, viable tumor cells ≤ 10% and fibrosis ≥ 10%) were not predictive in DRFS and EFS. In multivariate analysis, grade was the only significant prognostic factor for EFS P=0.0087. Among the 14 patients with ≤ 10% viable cells after irradiation 13 presented a metastatic evolution within 6 months. Conclusion: This study showed that current histological response evaluation based on necrosis, fibrosis and viable cells could not predict clinical outcomes after radiotherapy for extremity soft tissue sarcoma. A significant proportion of patients with a good response after pre-operative radiotherapy present a metastatic recurrence.

Download Full-text