Relationships between sleep quality and glucose regulation in normal humans

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (2) ◽  
pp. E261-E270 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Scheen ◽  
M. M. Byrne ◽  
L. Plat ◽  
R. Leproult ◽  
E. Van Cauter
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Nocturnal Sleep ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Recovery Sleep

To define the effects of sleep on glucose regulation, we analyzed plasma glucose levels, insulin secretion rates (ISR), and plasma growth hormone and cortisol levels in normal subjects receiving a constant glucose infusion during nocturnal sleep, nocturnal sleep deprivation, and daytime recovery sleep. Plasma glucose and ISR markedly increased during early nocturnal sleep and returned to presleep levels during late sleep. These changes in glucose and ISR appeared to reflect the predominance of slow-wave (SW) stages in early sleep and of rapid-eye-movement and wake stages in late sleep. Major differences in glucose and ISR profiles were observed during sleep deprivation as glucose and ISR remained essentially stable during the first part of the night and then decreased significantly, despite the persistence of bed rest and constant glucose infusion. During daytime recovery sleep, SW stages were increased, glucose levels peaked earlier than during nocturnal sleep, and the decreases of glucose and ISR in late sleep were reduced by one-half. Thus sleep has important effects on brain and tissue glucose utilization, suggesting that sleep disturbances may adversely affect glucose tolerance.

Rapid translocation of hepatic glucokinase in response to intraduodenal glucose infusion and changes in plasma glucose and insulin in conscious rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 286 (4) ◽  
pp. G627-G634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang An Chu ◽  
Yuka Fujimoto ◽  
Kayano Igawa ◽  
Joseph Grimsby ◽  
Joseph F. Grippo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Conscious Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Glucose Ingestion ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels

The rate of liver glucokinase (GK) translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to intraduodenal glucose infusion and the effect of physiological rises of plasma glucose and/or insulin on GK translocation were examined in 6-h-fasted conscious rats. Intraduodenal glucose infusion (28 mg·kg-1·min-1 after a priming dose at 500 mg/kg) elevated blood glucose levels (mg/dl) in the artery and portal vein from 90 ± 3 and 87 ± 3 to 154 ± 4 and 185 ± 4, respectively, at 10 min. At 120 min, the levels had decreased to 133 ± 6 and 156 ± 5, respectively. Plasma insulin levels (ng/ml) in the artery and the portal vein rose from 0.7 ± 0.1 and 1.8 ± 0.3 to 11.8 ± 1.5 and 20.2 ± 2.0 at 10 min, respectively, and 12.4 ± 3.1 and 18.0 ± 4.8 at 30 min, respectively. GK was rapidly exported from the nucleus as determined by measuring the ratio of the nuclear to the cytoplasmic immunofluorescence (N/C) of GK (2.9 ± 0.3 at 0 min to 1.7 ± 0.2 at 10 min, 1.5 ± 0.1 at 20 min, 1.3 ± 0.1 at 30 min, and 1.3 ± 0.1 at 120 min). When plasma glucose (arterial; mg/dl) and insulin (arterial; ng/ml) levels were clamped for 30 min at 93 ± 7 and 0.7 ± 0.1, 81 ± 5 and 8.9 ± 1.3, 175 ± 5 and 0.7 ± 0.1, or 162 ± 5 and 9.2 ± 1.5, the N/C of GK was 3.0 ± 0.5, 1.8 ± 0.1, 1.5 ± 0.1, and 1.2 ± 0.1, respectively. The N/C of GK regulatory protein (GKRP) did not change in response to the intraduodenal glucose infusion or the rise in plasma glucose and/or insulin levels. The results suggest that GK but not GKRP translocates rapidly in a manner that corresponds with changes in the hepatic glucose balance in response to glucose ingestion in vivo. Additionally, the translocation of GK is induced by the postprandial rise in plasma glucose and insulin.

Plasma Glucose Levels Affect Cerebral 18F-FDG Distribution in Cognitively Normal Subjects With Diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. e274-e280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Ishibashi ◽  
Airin Onishi ◽  
Yoshinori Fujiwara ◽  
Kiichi Ishiwata ◽  
Kenji Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Cognitively Normal Subjects

Glycemic variability in normal glucose regulation subjects with elevated 1-h postload plasma glucose levels

Endocrine ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-bin Su ◽  
Tong Chen ◽  
Feng Xu ◽  
Xue-qin Wang ◽  
Jin-feng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Normal Glucose Regulation

scholarly journals The incidence of asymptomatic hypoglycemia in term newborn babies weighing more than two kilograms

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1267
Author(s):  
Sivaraman Thirumalaikumarasamy ◽  
Ezhilarasu Ramalingam ◽  
Mani Madhavan Sachithanantha Moorthi ◽  
Balakrishnan Nadesan
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parity Mode

Background: Neonatal hypoglycemia is a common metabolic problem especially in cases like prematurity, sepsis and small gestational age. Episodes of asymptomatic hypoglycemia may occur due to many risk factors. The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence of asymptomatic hypoglycemia in term new born babies weighing more than 2 kg, to study the plasma sugar level at various time points during first 48 hours of life and to study the effect of maternal factors like parity, mode of delivery, glucose infusion during labour, and time since last feed on plasma sugar level.Methods: A hospital based longitudinal study was conducted over a period of one year from April 2005 to March 2006 in Kilpauk Medical College Hospital, Chennai. 400 babies born of consecutive deliveries were included in the study. Their plasma glucose levels were assessed in cord blood, 3 hr, 12 hr and 36 hr of life. Plasma glucose levels were analysed with regards to distribution, variables like parity, mode of delivery, dextrose infusion during labour and time since last feed. The plasma glucose levels were statistically analysed by paired student ‘t’ test, multiple analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi- square test using SPSS (version 7.5) statistical package.Results: The overall incidence of hypoglycemia was seen in 20% of the neonate’s in which 29.7% in small gestational age (SGA) and 16.7% in appropriate gestational age (AGA) babies. A significant (p <0.01) association between hypoglycemia and birth weight was observed. The association between hypoglycemia with parity, mode of delivery, sex of the baby and glucose infusion received by the mother was studied, but no significant association was found. A significant difference in plasma glucose based on birth weight at 3rd hour, 12th hour and 36th hour was observed (p <0.05). None of the infants showed any clinical signs of hypoglycemia.Conclusions: The incidence of hypoglycemia was noted in 20% of the neonates. Low birth weight was considered as risk factor. A significant association was also observed between plasma glucose, mode of delivery and time since last fed. 

The Effects of Insulin, Glucagon, Glutamate, and Glucose Infusion on Blood Glutamate and Plasma Glucose Levels in Naive Rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Zlotnik ◽  
Benjamin Fredrick Gruenbaum ◽  
Yael Klin ◽  
Shaun Evan Gruenbaum ◽  
Sharon Ohayon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
Glucose Levels

Lack of a direct alpha-adrenergic effect of epinephrine on glucose production in human subjects

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (3) ◽  
pp. E271-E276 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Best ◽  
W. K. Ward ◽  
M. A. Pfeifer ◽  
J. B. Halter
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Pancreatic Islet ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
High Level

To determine whether alpha-adrenergic stimulation can directly increase glucose production in humans, we infused epinephrine plus propranolol in six normal subjects. The contribution of pancreatic islet effects was eliminated by the infusion of somatostatin. Despite high levels of epinephrine (1,234 +/- 255 pg/ml; mean +/- SE), plasma glucose fell from 85 + 1 to 71 +/- 7 mg/dl. Glucose production rate fell from 1.88 +/- 0.06 to 1.50 +/- 0.16 mg X kg-1 X min-1. During control studies in the same subjects (propranolol and somatostatin without epinephrine), plasma glucose fell from 87 +/- 1 to 75 +/- 3 mg/dl and glucose production fell from 1.93 +/- 0.10 to 1.58 +/- 0.13 mg X kg-1 X min-1. Thus, under conditions of suppressed insulin and falling glucose levels, both of which favor a positive response, a high level of alpha-adrenergic stimulation failed to directly increase glucose production. To ensure that the liver was not refractory to other stimuli, glucagon was administered during infusion of epinephrine and propranolol. In these studies, plasma glucose rose to 175 +/- 20 mg/dl and glucose production plateaued at 3.71 +/- 0.30 mg X kg-1 X min-1 (n = 7). These findings were similar to the effects of propranolol, somatostatin, and glucagon without epinephrine on plasma glucose (196 +/- 15 mg/dl) and glucose production (3.65 +/- 0.29 mg X kg-1 X min-1). Thus, although the liver remained responsive to glucagon during alpha-adrenergic stimulation, no alpha-adrenergic augmentation of glucose production was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Sex Differences in the Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Abnormal Glucose Regulation in Adults Aged 50 Years or Older With Normal Fasting Plasma Glucose Levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxin Zhang ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Shuang Shao ◽  
Yuan Yang ◽  
Dongwang Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Regulation ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

AimsAbnormal glucose regulation, which can present as diabetes and prediabetes, has become one of the most common chronic conditions. However, sex differences in the prevalence of and factors associated with abnormal glucose regulation remain unclear. Thus, we aimed to explore sex differences in the prevalence of and factors associated with abnormal glucose regulation in low-income adults in China aged ≥50 years with normal fasting plasma glucose levels.Materials and MethodsA total of 2,175 individuals aged ≥50 years with normal fasting plasma glucose levels were recruited into this study. After an overnight fast of at least 10 h, individuals underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Fasting and 2-h plasma glucose levels were measured to determine the state of glucose regulation.ResultsWomen were more likely than men to have isolated-impaired glucose tolerance (i-IGT) overall (24.7% vs 20.8%; P= 0.034), among individuals aged &lt;65 years (21.7% vs 15.9%; P= 0.012). Among men, independent risk factors for i-IGT were an age of ≥65 years, hypertension, and high serum uric acid (SUA) and triglyceride levels; independent risk factors for diabetes mellitus (DM) were an age of ≥75 years and alcohol consumption. Among women, independent risk factors for i-IGT were central obesity and high levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and SUA; independent risk factors for DM were low education and an elevated white blood cell count.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that conventional cardiovascular disease risk factors (i.e., age, hypertension, and dyslipidemia) associated with high risk of developing DM in men, but poor life style (i.e., obesity) and low education attainment in women. It is necessary for delay or stopping the development of DM among low-income adults in China to implement the personalized scheme of prevention DM between men and women, especially highlight control the risk factors in young and middle aged women.

scholarly journals Alzheimer’s disease genetic risk and sleep phenotypes in healthy young men: association with more slow waves and daytime sleepiness

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Muto ◽  
Ekaterina Koshmanova ◽  
Pouya Ghaemmaghami ◽  
Mathieu Jaspar ◽  
Christelle Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Recovery Sleep

Abstract Study Objectives Sleep disturbances and genetic variants have been identified as risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Our goal was to assess whether genome-wide polygenic risk scores (PRS) for AD associate with sleep phenotypes in young adults, decades before typical AD symptom onset. Methods We computed whole-genome PRS for AD and extensively phenotyped sleep under different sleep conditions, including baseline sleep, recovery sleep following sleep deprivation, and extended sleep opportunity, in a carefully selected homogenous sample of 363 healthy young men (22.1 years ± 2.7) devoid of sleep and cognitive disorders. Results AD PRS was associated with more slow-wave energy, that is, the cumulated power in the 0.5–4 Hz EEG band, a marker of sleep need, during habitual sleep and following sleep loss, and potentially with larger slow-wave sleep rebound following sleep deprivation. Furthermore, higher AD PRS was correlated with higher habitual daytime sleepiness. Conclusions These results imply that sleep features may be associated with AD liability in young adults, when current AD biomarkers are typically negative, and support the notion that quantifying sleep alterations may be useful in assessing the risk for developing AD.

Lack of relationship between opioid-induced changes in fetal breathing and plasma glucose levels

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (3) ◽  
pp. R702-R707
Author(s):  
H. H. Szeto ◽  
P. Y. Cheng ◽  
Y. Soong ◽  
D. L. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Plasma Glucose Concentration ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Receptor Selectivity ◽  
Fetal Plasma ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Fetal Breathing ◽  
Induced Changes

The mechanisms by which opioids increase or decrease fetal breathing remain unclear. Fetal plasma glucose is known to modulate breathing activity, and opioids have been reported to alter glucose regulation in the adult. In this study, we investigated whether alterations in fetal breathing by opioids may be explained by changes in plasma glucose levels. We compared the effects of morphine (nonselective), [D-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4,Gly5-ol]enkephalin (DAMGO, mu-selective), and [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin (DPDPE, delta-selective) on fetal breathing and plasma glucose in unanesthetized fetal sheep. Whereas morphine at 1.2 and 5.0 mg/h iv resulted in an increase in breath number (P < 0.01), plasma glucose was decreased after 1.2 mg/h (P = 0.006) but increased after 5.0 mg/h (P = 0.008). DAMGO (100 micrograms/h icv) increased plasma glucose (P = 0.001) but reduced fetal breathing (P < 0.001). In contrast, DPDPE (30 micrograms/h icv) increased fetal breathing (P = 0.026) but had no effect on plasma glucose concentration. These data demonstrate that the actions of opioids on fetal glucose regulation and breathing are dependent on dose and receptor selectivity. However, there is no relationship between the effects of opioids on fetal breathing and plasma glucose concentration.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary manipulations and glucose infusion on glucagon response during exercise in rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice Tadjoré ◽  
Raynald Bergeron ◽  
Martin Latour ◽  
François Désy ◽  
Claude Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Exercise Period

Tadjoré, Maurice, Raynald Bergeron, Martin Latour, François Désy, Claude Warren, and Jean-Marc Lavoie.Effects of dietary manipulations and glucose infusion on glucagon response during exercise in rats. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(1): 148–152, 1997.—The purpose of the present investigation was to test the hypothesis that blood glucose concentration is not always related to glucagon response during exercise. Three groups of rats were submitted to a prolonged (3-h) swimming exercise. Two groups of rats had their normal food intake restricted by 50% the night before the experiment. One of these two groups of rats was intravenously infused with glucose throughout exercise to maintain euglycemia. The third group of rats swam while under normal dietary conditions. Plasma glucose, sampled in arterial blood, was reduced ( P < 0.05) at 75, 105, 150, and 170 min of exercise (from ∼130 to 110 mg/dl) in the food-restricted animals without glucose infusion, whereas a significant ( P < 0.05) increase was measured in the two other groups during exercise. A significant ( P < 0.01) difference in the mean integrated areas under the glucose-concentration curve was found only between the fed and the two food-restricted groups. Plasma insulin concentrations decreased ( P < 0.05) similarly in all groups during exercise, whereas plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations increased significantly ( P < 0.01) in all groups. Despite differences between groups in plasma glucose response during exercise, and despite the absence of any decrease in exercising blood glucose levels in at least two of the three groups, plasma glucagon responses were increased ( P < 0.05) similarly in all groups (from ∼250 to 550 pg/ml) at the end of the exercise period. The increase in glucagon was significant after 90 min of exercise in the food-restricted groups, with or without glucose infusion, but only after 140 min in the fed group. These results indicate that the glucagon response during exercise is not always linked to the decrease in plasma glucose.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document