scholarly journals High-resistance training and muscle metabolism during prolonged exercise

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (3) ◽  
pp. E489-E496 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Goreham ◽  
H. J. Green ◽  
M. Ball-Burnett ◽  
D. Ranney
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption

To investigate the hypothesis that changes in muscle submaximal exercise metabolism would occur as a result of fiber hypertrophy, induced by high-resistance training (HRT), active but untrained males (age 20 ± 0.7 yr; mean ± SE) performed lower-limb weight training 3 days/wk for 12 wk using three sets of 6–8 repetitions maximal (RM)/day. Muscle metabolism was examined at different stages of training (4, 7, and 12 wk) using a two-stage continuous cycle test performed at the same absolute power output and duration (56.4 ± 2.9 min) and representing 57 and 72% of pretraining peak aerobic power (V˙o 2 peak). Compared with pretraining, at the end of exercise, HRT resulted in a higher ( P < 0.05) phosphocreatine (PCr; 27.4 ± 6.7 vs. 38.0 ± 1.9 mmol/kg dry wt), a lower lactate (38.9 ± 8.5 vs. 24.4 ± 6.1 mmol/kg dry wt), and a higher ( P < 0.05) glycogen content (132 ± 11 vs. 181 ± 7.5 mmol glucosyl units/kg dry wt). The percent change from rest before and after training was 63 and 50% for PCr, 676 and 410% for lactate, and 60 and 43% for glycogen, respectively. These adaptations, which were observed only at 72%V˙o 2 peak, occurred by 4 wk of training in the case of PCr and glycogen and before any changes in fiber cross-sectional area, capillarization, or oxidative potential. Fiber hypertrophy, observed at 7 and 12 wk of training, failed to potentiate the metabolic response. No effect of HRT was found onV˙o 2 peak with training (41.2 ± 2.9 vs. 41.0 ± 2.1 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1) or on the steady-state, submaximal exercise rate of oxygen consumption. It is concluded that the HRT results in muscle metabolic adaptations that occur independently of fiber hypertrophy.

Metabolic adaptations to short-term training are expressed early in submaximal exercise

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Green ◽  
M. Ball-Burnett ◽  
G. Jamieson ◽  
J. Cadefau ◽  
R. Cussó
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations

In previous studies we have been able to demonstrate tighter metabolic control of muscle metabolism during prolonged steady-state exercise 5 to 6 days after the initiation of training and well before changes in oxidative potential. To examine whether the metabolic adaptations are manifested during the non-steady-state adjustment to submaximal exercise, 11 male subjects ([Formula: see text] peak, 45 ± 2.4 mL∙kg−1∙min−1, [Formula: see text]) performed 98 min of cycle exercise at 67% of [Formula: see text] peak prior to and following 3 to 4 days of training for 2 h per day. Analysis of lactate concentration (mmol/kg dry weight) in samples rapidly extracted from vastus lateralis indicated reductions (p < 0.05) of 44% at 3 min (42.1 ± 7.1 vs. 23.6 ± 7.7), 29% at 15 min (35.4 ± 6.4 vs. 25.0 ± 6.0), and 32% at 98 min (22.9 ± 6.9 vs. 15.6 ± 3.2) with training. Training also resulted in higher phosphocreatine and lower creatine and Pi values that were not specific to any exercise time point. In addition, [Formula: see text] was not altered either during the non-steady state or during the steady-state phases of exercise. These results suggest that at least part of the tightening of the metabolic control and the apparent reduction in glycogenolysis and glycolysis in response to short-term training occurs during the adjustment phase to steady-state exercise.Key words: training, metabolic control, nonsteady state.

Increased muscle oxidative potential following resistance training induced fibre hypertrophy in young men

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason E. Tang ◽  
Joseph W. Hartman ◽  
Stuart M. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Mitochondrial Enzymes ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Resistance Training Program

Some evidence suggests that resistance training may lower relative muscle mitochondrial content via “dilution” of the organelle in a larger muscle fibre. Such an adaptation would reduce fatigue resistance, as well as compromise oxidative ATP synthesis and the capacity for fatty-acid oxidation. We investigated the effect of resistance training on mitochondrial enzymes of the citric acid cycle (citrate synthase; CS) and β-oxidation (β-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase; β-HAD), as well as markers of the potential for glucose phosphorylation (hexokinase; HK) and glycolysis (phosphofructokinase; PFK). Twelve untrained men (21.9 ± 0.5 y; 1.79 ± 0.03 m; 83.2 ± 3.2 kg) participated in a 12 week progressive resistance-training program. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis before (PRE) and after (POST) training. Training increased mean muscle fibre cross-sectional area (p < 0.05) and the activities of CS (PRE = 4.53 ± 0.44 mol·kg protein–1·h–1; POST = 5.63 ± 0.40 mol·kg protein–1·h–1; p < 0.001) and β-HAD (PRE = 2.55 ± 0.28 mol·kg protein–1·h–1; POST = 3.11 ± 0.21 mol·kg protein–1·h–1; p < 0.05). The activity of HK increased 42% (p < 0.05), whereas the activity of PFK remained unchanged. We conclude that resistance training provides a stimulus for improving muscle oxidative potential, as reflected by the increased activities of CS and β-HAD following resistance training induced hypertrophy.

Adaptations in muscle metabolism to prolonged voluntary exercise and training

1995 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Green ◽  
S. Jones ◽  
M. Ball-Burnett ◽  
B. Farrance ◽  
D. Ranney
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Succinic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Glycogen Depletion ◽  
O2 Uptake ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations

In previous research we established using a short-term (5–7 days) training model that increases in muscle oxidative potential are not a prerequisite for the characteristic energy metabolic adaptations (lower lactate, glycogen depletion, and phosphocreatine hydrolysis) observed during prolonged exercise. To investigate whether increased muscle aerobic potential further potentiates the metabolic adaptive response, seven healthy male volunteers [maximal O2 uptake (VO2max) = 45.1 +/- 1.1 (SE) ml.kg-1.min-1] engaged in an 8-wk training program consisting of 2 h of cycle exercise at 62% of pretraining VO2max 5–6 times/wk. Analysis of tissue samples obtained from the vastus lateralis after 60 min of exercise revealed that by 4 wk of training muscle lactate concentration, phosphocreatine hydrolysis, and glycogen depletion were depressed (all P < 0.05). Further training for 4 wk had no additional effect (P < 0.05). The ratio of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-phosphate, an index of phosphofructokinase activity, was not altered with training. Muscle oxidative potential as estimated from the maximal activity of succinic dehydrogenase increased by 31% by 4 wk of training (P <0.05) before plateauing during the final 4 wk of training. The increase in VO2max of 15.6% (P < 0.05) noted with training was also primarily expressed during the initial 4 wk. O2 uptake during submaximal exercise was unchanged. Because the metabolic response was similar in magnitude to that previously observed with short-term training, we conclude that, at least for the conditions of this study, the development of increased muscle aerobic potential is of minimal consequence on the magnitude of the energy metabolic adaptations examined.

scholarly journals CNTF 1357 G → A polymorphism and the muscle strength response to resistance training

2009 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 1235-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Walsh ◽  
Bethany K. Kelsey ◽  
Theodore J. Angelopoulos ◽  
Priscilla M. Clarkson ◽  
Paul M. Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Caucasian Men ◽  
Before And After

The present study examined associations between the ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) 1357 G → A polymorphism and the muscle strength response to a unilateral, upper arm resistance-training (RT) program among healthy, young adults. Subjects were 754 Caucasian men (40%) and women (60%) who were genotyped and performed a training program of the nondominant (trained) arm with the dominant (untrained) arm as a comparison. Peak elbow flexor strength was measured with one repetition maximum, isometric strength with maximum voluntary contraction, and bicep cross-sectional area with MRI in the trained and untrained arms before and after training. Women with the CNTF GG genotype gained more absolute isometric strength, as measured by MVC (6.5 ± 0.3 vs. 5.2 ± 0.5 kg), than carriers of the CNTF A1357 allele in the trained arm pre- to posttraining ( P < 0.05). No significant associations were seen in men. Women with the CNTF GG genotype gained more absolute dynamic (1.0 ± 0.1 vs. 0.6 ± 0.1 kg) and allometric (0.022 ± 0.0 vs. 0.015 ± 0.0 kg/kg−0.67) strength, as measured by 1 RM, than carriers of the CNTF A1357 allele in the untrained arm pre- to posttraining ( P < 0.05). No significant associations were seen in men. No significant associations, as measured by cross-sectional area, were seen in men or women. The CNTF 1357 G → A polymorphism explains only a small portion of the variability in the muscle strength response to training in women.

scholarly journals Ribosome biogenesis adaptation in resistance training-induced human skeletal muscle hypertrophy

2015 ◽  
Vol 309 (1) ◽  
pp. E72-E83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandre C. Figueiredo ◽  
Marissa K. Caldow ◽  
Vivien Massie ◽  
James F. Markworth ◽  
David Cameron-Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
D1 Protein ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After

Resistance training (RT) has the capacity to increase skeletal muscle mass, which is due in part to transient increases in the rate of muscle protein synthesis during postexercise recovery. The role of ribosome biogenesis in supporting the increased muscle protein synthetic demands is not known. This study examined the effect of both a single acute bout of resistance exercise (RE) and a chronic RT program on the muscle ribosome biogenesis response. Fourteen healthy young men performed a single bout of RE both before and after 8 wk of chronic RT. Muscle cross-sectional area was increased by 6 ± 4.5% in response to 8 wk of RT. Acute RE-induced activation of the ERK and mTOR pathways were similar before and after RT, as assessed by phosphorylation of ERK, MNK1, p70S6K, and S6 ribosomal protein 1 h postexercise. Phosphorylation of TIF-IA was also similarly elevated following both RE sessions. Cyclin D1 protein levels, which appeared to be regulated at the translational rather than transcriptional level, were acutely increased after RE. UBF was the only protein found to be highly phosphorylated at rest after 8 wk of training. Also, muscle levels of the rRNAs, including the precursor 45S and the mature transcripts (28S, 18S, and 5.8S), were increased in response to RT. We propose that ribosome biogenesis is an important yet overlooked event in RE-induced muscle hypertrophy that warrants further investigation.

High-Intensity Progressive Resistance Training Increases Strength With No Change in Cardiovascular Function and Autonomic Neural Regulation in Older Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélcio Kanegusuku ◽  
Andréia C.C. Queiroz ◽  
Valdo J.D. Silva ◽  
Marco T. de Mello ◽  
Carlos Ugrinowitsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Cardiovascular Function ◽  
Progressive Resistance Training ◽  
Neural Regulation ◽  
Maximal Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Progressive Resistance

The effects of high-intensity progressive resistance training (HIPRT) on cardiovascular function and autonomic neural regulation in older adults are unclear. To investigate this issue, 25 older adults were randomly divided into two groups: control (CON, N = 13, 63 ± 4 years; no training) and HIPRT (N = 12, 64 ± 4 years; 2 sessions/week, 7 exercises, 2−4 sets, 10−4 RM). Before and after four months, maximal strength, quadriceps cross-sectional area (QCSA), clinic and ambulatory blood pressures (BP), systemic hemodynamics, and cardiovascular autonomic modulation were measured. Maximal strength and QCSA increased in the HIPRT group and did not change in the CON group. Clinic and ambulatory BP, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, stroke volume, heart rate, and cardiac sympathovagal balance did not change in the HIPRT group or the CON group. In conclusion, HIPRT was effective at increasing muscle mass and strength without promoting changes in cardiovascular function or autonomic neural regulation.

The validity of estimating triceps brachii volume from single MRI cross-sectional area before and after resistance training

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 635-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Popadic Gacesa ◽  
Natasa R. Dragnic ◽  
Natasa M. Prvulovic ◽  
Otto F. Barak ◽  
Nikola Grujic
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After

SUBLINGUAL VITAMIN D3 DRUG THERAPY IN VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY PATIENTS AT PRAVARA RURAL HOSPITAL

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Sanjeeva Kumar Goud T ◽  
Rahul Kunkulol
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

The present study was aimed to study the effect of Sublingual Vitamin D3 on Serum Vitamin D level in Vitamin D deficiency patients. This was a cross-sectional and interventional study. All the Vitamin D deficiency patients of age 18-60years and either gender, willing to participate in the study were included. Patients who had greater than 20 ng/ml were excluded from the study. The total number of participants in our study was 200, out of these 111 males and 89 females, the mean age in our study was 51.07 ± 7.39Yrs. All volunteers were given sublingual vitamin D3 (60,000IU) in six doses every fifteen days of follow up for 3 months. The subject’s serum 25(OH)D levels were estimated before and after the treatment of sublingual vitamin D3. There was a statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D3 level before 16.61±6.71 ng/ml and after 35.80±7.80 ng/ml after treatment with Sublingual Vitamin D3. Six doses of 60,000IU of Vitamin D3 sublingual route having improved the role of serum 25(OH)D levels in the treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency patients.Keywords: Vitamin D3; Sublingual route

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document