Effects of Met-enkephalin and naloxone on gastric emptying and secretion in rhesus monkeys

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (2) ◽  
pp. G196-G200
Author(s):  
P. T. Shea-Donohue ◽  
N. Adams ◽  
J. Arnold ◽  
A. Dubois
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Opiate Receptor ◽  
Sodium Ion ◽  
Dilution Technique ◽  
Gastric Function ◽  
Sodium Potassium

Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of enkephalins in gastric neurons and endocrine cells; however, their role in the regulation of gastric function is unknown. The effect of Met-enkephalin (MET), the stable analogue of Met-enkephalin [D-Ala2]Met-enkephalinamide (DMET), and the opiate receptor antagonist naloxone were studied in five chair-adapted rhesus monkeys. A dye-dilution technique was used to determine simultaneously fractional emptying rate, hydrogen, sodium, potassium, and chloride ion output, and fluid output. Both MET and DMET significantly inhibited fractional emptying rate and H+ secretion following an 80-ml water meal. Only MET, however, significantly altered fluid and sodium ion output. Naloxone had no effect on gastric function following the water meal.

Inhibition of gastric emptying and feeding by fenfluramine

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (5) ◽  
pp. R764-R769 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Robinson ◽  
T. H. Moran ◽  
P. R. McHugh
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Gastric Volume ◽  
Dilution Technique ◽  
Glucose Test ◽  
Anorectic Agent ◽  
Initial Bolus

To assess the mechanism by which the anorectic agent fenfluramine influences feeding, we examined in Macaca mulatta the effect of intragastric fenfluramine (2 mg/kg) on both feeding and the gastric emptying of saline and glucose test meals. Gastric emptying was measured by the dye-dilution technique, using chronic indwelling intragastric cannulas. The emptying of normal saline was inhibited by fenfluramine as was the initial bolus phase of the emptying of glucose. In contrast, the subsequent controlled phase of glucose emptying was unaffected in two out of four animals, slightly inhibited in one, and strongly inhibited in only one monkey. Rhesus monkeys trained to drink a glucose solution to satiety drank, on average, 21% less after fenfluramine. The emptying of the consumed glucose solution from the stomach was reduced by 39%, whereas gastric volume at satiety was reduced by only 10%. The reduction of intake was strongly related to the degree of inhibition of gastric emptying. These results support an important role for the inhibition of gastric emptying in fenfluramine-induced suppression of feeding.

The effect of the CCKA receptor antagonist loxiglumide on hormonal responses, gastric emptying and appetite in humans

2000 ◽  
Vol 94 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Linda M. Morgan ◽  
Samantha J. Long ◽  
Andrew Sutton ◽  
Anastasia Giouvanoudi ◽  
Behain Amaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Hormonal Responses

scholarly journals Effects of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ICS 205-930 on fat-delayed gastric emptying and antral motor activity.

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Stacher ◽  
H Bergmann ◽  
C Schneider ◽  
G Steiner-Mittelbach ◽  
G Gaupmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Ics 205 930

DOZ047.02: Effect of prokinetics on gastric function in children with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula (EA-TEF)

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Birro ◽  
S Kelly ◽  
T Omari ◽  
U Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Power Ratio ◽  
Gastric Function ◽  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Qt Interval Prolongation ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background To the aim of this study was to determine the effect of domperidone on gastric function in the EA-TEF cohort. Methods Five participants with previously demonstrated abnormal gastric myoelectrical activity and/or delayed gastric emptying on electrogastrography (EGG) and 13C-octanoic acid breath test (OBT), respectively, were recruited. These participants were treated with domperidone (0.2 mg/kg/dose twice a day), for a minimum of 2 weeks, and EGG and OBT investigations were repeated along with a validated PedsQL gastrointestinal symptom questionnaire. A baseline and follow-up ECG was done to check for potential QT interval prolongation. Results Mean gastric emptying half-time was135.4 minutes off therapy and 277.01 minutes on therapy (p = NS) while the mean gastric emptying coefficients were 3.34 and 3.25, respectively (p = NS). All five participants’ gastric myoelectrical activity on EGG remained abnormal. Although the mean percentage of gastric slow waves spent in normal frequency decreased by 1.65%, the post- prandial-to-resting power ratio increased by 8.452 (p = NS). Both parent- and child-reported overall PedsQL scores increased as did the child-reported PedsQL scores based on symptoms related to gastric function (p = NS). Conclusions Domperidone in standard doses did not result in significant change in gastric emptying in EA-TEF children with delayed gastric emptying. This may be due to abnormalities in gastric innervation, in children with EA-TEF. There was however an improvement in the power ratio on EGG. There was also improvement in the PedsQL scores. The lack of statistical significance may be due to our small sample size.

Does calcium mediate the slowing of gastric emptying in primates?

1982 ◽  
Vol 243 (3) ◽  
pp. G200-G203
Author(s):  
J. N. Hunt ◽  
P. R. McHugh
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Disodium Edetate ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Duodenal Epithelium

Disodium edetate (EDTA, 1 g/l) in test meals of water slowed gastric emptying strongly in one human and in four rhesus monkeys. When the binding sites of the EDTA were loaded with calcium before it was given in the test meal, there was little effect on gastric emptying. It is suggested that EDTA takes up calcium from the “tight junctions” of the duodenal epithelium. As a result a signal is set up that slows gastric emptying. It is postulated that the anions of fatty acids produced during the digestion of triglycerides in the duodenum also slow gastric emptying by the same mechanism. We explain how fats, carbohydrates, and proteins could all slow gastric emptying by operating on the same receptor.

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