Effect of sex hormones on blood pressure and vascular connective tissue in castrated and noncastrated male rats

1977 ◽  
Vol 232 (6) ◽  
pp. H617-H621 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Fischer ◽  
M. L. Swain
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Total Collagen

Aortic collagen and elastin were quantitated in three groups of castrated and two groups of noncastrated male rats treated by intramuscular injection for 3 wk with oil, testosterone, or estradiol. The greatest differences were found between the castrated rats receiving testosterone and those receiving estradiol, the estradiol-treated rats having significantly lower total collagen, percent collagen, total elastin, and collagen/elastin (C/E), and higher percent elastin than those rats receiving testosterone. In noncastrated rats, administration of estradiol resulted in significantly lower total collagen, percent collagen, total elastin, and C/E. Systolic blood pressure was highest in rats receiving testerone and lowest in rats receiving estradiol. It is concluded that 1) estradiol in the presence or absence of testosterone decreases total accumulation of vascular connective tissue and alters the proportions of collagen and elastin so that the vessel is more distensible, 2) testosterone has an opposite but less marked effect than estradiol on vascular connective tissue, and 3) estradiol and testosterone alter blood pressure in opposite directions in the male rat.

Differential regulation of insulin resistance and hypertension by sex hormones in fructose-fed male rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (4) ◽  
pp. H1335-H1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish Vasudevan ◽  
Hong Xiang ◽  
John H. McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Estrogen Treatment ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Normal Chow

Differences in gender are in part responsible for the development of insulin resistance (IR) and associated hypertension. Currently, it is unclear whether these differences are dictated by gender itself or by the relative changes in plasma estrogen and/or testosterone. We investigated the interrelationships between testosterone and estrogen in the progression of IR and hypertension in vivo in intact and gonadectomized fructose-fed male rats. Treatment with estrogen significantly reduced the testosterone levels in both normal chow-fed and fructose-fed rats. Interestingly, fructose feeding induced a relative increase in estradiol levels, which did not affect IR in both intact and gonadectomized fructose-fed rats. However, increasing the estrogen levels improved insulin sensitivity in both intact and gonadectomized fructose-fed rats. In intact males, fructose feeding increased the blood pressure (140 ± 2 mmHg), which was prevented by estrogen treatment. However, the blood pressure in the fructose-fed estrogen rats (125 ± 1 mmHg) was significantly higher than that of normal chow-fed (113 ± 1 mmHg) and fructose-fed gonadectomized rats. Estrogen treatment did not affect the blood pressure in gonadectomized fructose-fed rats (105 ± 2 mmHg). These data suggest the existence of a threshold value for estrogen below which insulin sensitivity is unaffected. The development of hypertension in this model is dictated solely by the presence or absence of testosterone. In summary, the development of IR and hypertension is governed not by gender per se but by the interactions of specific sex hormones such as estrogen and testosterone.

Cyclic glycine-proline normalizes systolic blood pressure in high-fat diet-induced obese male rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengxia Li ◽  
Karen Liu ◽  
Clint Gray ◽  
Paul Harris ◽  
Clare M. Reynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Male

scholarly journals The Short-Term Effects of Prunes in Preventing Inflammation and Improving Indices of Bone Health in Osteopenic Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
Bahram Arjmandi ◽  
Kelli George ◽  
Lauren Ormsbee ◽  
Neda Akhavan ◽  
Joseph Munoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Significant Group

Abstract Objectives Osteoporosis is a public health concern for both women and men. Chronic inflammation contributes to bone loss; therefore, foods rich in antioxidants, such as prunes, are of great interest. Previously, dietary intervention with prunes has been shown to prevent orchidectomy-induced decreases in BMD, microstructure, and biomechanics in male rats; however, there is a need for this to be studied in a clinical setting in adult males. Methods Thirty-five men between the ages of 55 and 80 with moderate bone loss were included. The men were randomized into one of three groups: 100 g prunes daily, 50 g prunes daily, or control group. All three groups also consumed a multivitamin containing 450 mg calcium and 800 IU vitamin D. Serum samples from the baseline and three-month time points were analyzed for biomarkers of bone turnover, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Results After three months, daily consumption of 100 g prunes was associated with a significant decrease in serum concentrations of osteocalcin (P < 0.001). Consumption of 50 g of prunes was associated with significant decreases in systolic blood pressure, and serum osteocalcin concentrations (P = 0.040), and an increase in the OPG: RANKL ratio (P = 0.041). There were also significant decreases in systolic blood pressure, OPG (P = 0.004), RANKL (P = 0.010), and osteocalcin (P = 0.049) in control group. There was a significant group*time effect for changes in OPG (P = 0.019) and the OPG: RANKL ratio (P = 0.029). Conclusions Decreases in osteocalcin indicate a decrease in bone turnover, and a higher OPG: RANKL ratio indicates that more RANKL is bound to OPG, and not to osteoclasts, thus downregulating osteoclast activity. Therefore, regular consumption of either 100 g or 50 g dried plum for three months may make some contributions to bone formation and bone turnover activity, and minimal contribution to decreasing inflammation and improving bone density and quality. Funding Sources USDA/NIFA, California Prune Board, and Shaklee.

scholarly journals A Calibrated Method of Massage Therapy Decreases Systolic Blood Pressure Concomitant With Changes in Heart Rate Variability in Male Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt A. Spurgin ◽  
Anthony Kaprelian ◽  
Roberto Gutierrez ◽  
Vidyasagar Jha ◽  
Christopher G. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Massage Therapy ◽  
Male Rats

scholarly journals Male-specific suppression of hepatic microsomal UDP-glucuronosyl transferase activities toward sex hormones in the adult male rat administered bisphenol A

2002 ◽  
Vol 368 (3) ◽  
pp. 783-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriaki SHIBATA ◽  
Junya MATSUMOTO ◽  
Ken NAKADA ◽  
Akira YUASA ◽  
Hiroshi YOKOTA
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Blotting Analysis

Various adverse effects of endocrine disruptors on the reproductive organs of male animals have been reported. We found that UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) activities towards bisphenol A, testosterone and oestradiol were significantly decreased in liver microsomes prepared from adult male Wistar rats administered with the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (1mg/2 days for 2 or 4 weeks). However, suppression of the transferase activities was not observed in female rats, even after bisphenol A treatment for 4 weeks. Diethylstilbestrol, which is well known as an endocrine disruptor, had the same effects, but p-cumylphenol had no effect on UGT activities towards sex hormones. Co-administration of an anti-oestrogen, tamoxifen, inhibited the suppression of the transferase activities by bisphenol A. Western blotting analysis showed that the amount of UGT2B1, an isoform of UGT which glucuronidates bisphenol A, was decreased in the rat liver microsomes by the treatment. Northern blotting analysis also indicated that UGT2B1 mRNA in the liver was decreased by bisphenol A treatment. The suppression of UGT activities, UGT2B1 protein and UGT2B1 mRNA expression did not occur in female rats. The results indicate that bisphenol A treatment reduces the mRNA expression of UGT2B1 and other UGT isoforms that mediate the glucuronidation of sex hormones in adult male rats, and this suggests that the endocrine balance may be disrupted by suppression of glucuronidation.

STUDIES ON ALDOSTERONE: III. CHRONIC EFFECT ON THE BLOOD PRESSURE OF RATS

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Gornall ◽  
H. M. Grundy ◽  
C. J. Koladich
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Chronic Effect ◽  
Dose Levels

A rise in systolic blood pressure due to the administration of 0.4 or 0.5 μg of aldosterone per 100 g body weight to young male rats, over a period of 3 to 6 months, has been confirmed in two separate experiments. This effect was observed whether the aldosterone was given 3 days a week or 6 days a week, and whether dissolved in aqueous ethanol or in oil. Equal doses of 9-α-fluorohydrocortisone and of 2-methyl-9-α-fluorohydrocortisone produced similar though somewhat less consistent effects. When 4 or 5 μg of reserpine was administered along with aldosterone there was no clear evidence of a protective effect. Reserpine alone at these low dose levels was somewhat toxic in the rat and led to a rise in blood pressure.

scholarly journals The response of young and adult rats to the riboflavin supplementation

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Feitoza França ◽  
Lucia Marques Vianna
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
And Control ◽  
Behavioural Aspects

The aim of this article was to study the response of young and adult rats on the supplementation of diet with riboflavin. Twenty-four young and adult normotensives (Wistar) male rats, subdivided into two groups: treated (10mg riboflavin/Kg of body weight) and control (receiving vehicle) were daily evaluated for physical and behavioural aspects. Systolic blood pressure was determined twice a week and liver toxicity was investigated it the end of treatment. Data were evaluated using one-way ANOVA and p<0.05 was significant. There were no changes on general health aspects of the treated rats; however, the supplementation provoked a significant (p<0.05) systolic blood pressure reduction.

Impaired cardiovascular function in male rats with hypo- and hyperthyroidism: Involvement of imbalanced nitric oxide synthase levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasibeh Yousefzadeh ◽  
Sajad Jeddi ◽  
Asghar Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Function ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protein Levels

Background and Objective: All three isoforms of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) are targets for thyroid hormones in cardiovascular system. The aim of this study was to assess effects of hypoand hyperthyroidism on inducible (iNOS), endothelial (eNOS), and neural (nNOS) NOS levels in aorta and heart tissues of male rats. Methods: Rats were divided into control, hypothyroid, and hyperthyroid groups; hypo- and hyperthyroidism were induced by adding propylthiouracil (500 mg/L) and L-thyroxine (12 mg/L) to drinking water for a period of 21 days, respectively. At day 21, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), peak rate of positive and negative (±dp/dt) changes in left ventricular pressure as well as NO metabolites (NOx) and iNOS, eNOS, and nNOS protein levels in aorta and heart were measured. Results: Compared to controls, LVDP and ±dp/dt were lower in both hypo- and hyperthyroid rats. Compared to controls, heart rate and systolic blood pressure were lower in hypothyroid and higher in hyperthyroid rats. NOx levels in the heart of hypothyroid rats were lower (53%) whereas in the heart and aorta of hyperthyroid rats were higher (56% and 40%) than controls. Compared to controls, hypothyroid rats had lower levels of eNOS, iNOS, and nNOS in aorta (16%, 34%, and 15%, respectively) and lower iNOS and higher nNOS in heart tissue (27% and 46%). In hyperthyroid rats, eNOS levels were lower (54% and 30%) and iNOS were higher (63%, and 35%) in the aorta and heart while nNOS was lower in the aorta (18%). Conclusion: Hypothyroidism increased while hyperthyroidism decreased ratio of eNOS/iNOS in aorta and heart; these changes of NOS levels were associated with impaired cardiovascular function.

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