Local blood flow and glucose uptake within resting and exercising rabbit skeletal muscle

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (6) ◽  
pp. H1795-H1801 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O. Iversen ◽  
G. Nicolaysen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Local Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Heterogeneity ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Deoxyglucose Method ◽  
Regional Glucose Uptake

A marked regional heterogeneity in blood flow at the level of large arterioles or small arteries is present within single skeletal muscles both in the dog and in the rabbit. A corresponding regional heterogeneity in metabolic activity could explain this phenomenon. We studied the correlation between regional blood flow and regional uptake of glucose within single muscles. Blood flow and glucose uptake were measured using the microsphere technique and the deoxyglucose method, respectively. Blood flow and glucose uptake were determined in 0.25-g regions from resting and stimulated muscles in anesthetized rabbits. Under resting conditions, no correlation between regional blood flow and regional glucose uptake (P greater than 0.05, 12 muscles) was observed. During stimulation, regional blood flow was positively correlated (0.4 less than r less than 0.6, P less than 0.05, 12 muscles) with regional glucose uptake. The coefficients of variation for regional blood flow and regional glucose uptake averaged approximately 0.35 and 0.23, respectively, both at rest and during stimulation. Specific fiber type distributions could not explain either the regional heterogeneity in blood flow or in glucose uptake. We conclude that regional blood flow within single skeletal muscles is not strongly linked to regional uptake of glucose. Both variables show considerable heterogeneity.

Neural control of glucose uptake by skeletal muscle after central administration of NMDA

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (2) ◽  
pp. R492-R497 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Lang ◽  
M. Ajmal ◽  
A. G. Baillie
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Neural Control ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Muscle Blood Flow ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Central Administration

Intracerebroventricular injection of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) produces hyperglycemia and increases whole body glucose uptake. The purpose of the present study was to determine in rats which tissues are responsible for the elevated rate of glucose disposal. NMDA was injected intracerebroventricularly, and the glucose metabolic rate (Rg) was determined for individual tissues 20-60 min later using 2-deoxy-D-[U-14C]glucose. NMDA decreased Rg in skin, ileum, lung, and liver (30-35%) compared with time-matched control animals. In contrast, Rg in skeletal muscle and heart was increased 150-160%. This increased Rg was not due to an elevation in plasma insulin concentrations. In subsequent studies, the sciatic nerve in one leg was cut 4 h before injection of NMDA. NMDA increased Rg in the gastrocnemius (149%) and soleus (220%) in the innervated leg. However, Rg was not increased after NMDA in contralateral muscles from the denervated limb. Data from a third series of experiments indicated that the NMDA-induced increase in Rg by innervated muscle and its abolition in the denervated muscle were not due to changes in muscle blood flow. The results of the present study indicate that 1) central administration of NMDA increases whole body glucose uptake by preferentially stimulating glucose uptake by skeletal muscle, and 2) the enhanced glucose uptake by muscle is neurally mediated and independent of changes in either the plasma insulin concentration or regional blood flow.

Role of EDRF in the regulation of regional blood flow and vascular resistance at rest and during exercise in conscious dogs

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Shen ◽  
M. Lundborg ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
J. M. Stewart ◽  
X. Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Blood Flows ◽  
A Minor

The contribution of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) to the regulation of regional vascular resistance and tissue blood flow at rest and during acute moderate exercise was studied in chronically instrumented conscious dogs. Radioactive microspheres were injected before and during exercise to measure regional blood flow. An infusion of nitro-L-arginine (L-NA), an analogue of L-arginine, was used to inhibit the synthesis of EDRF and resulted in a significant increase in mean arterial pressure, associated with significantly elevated vascular resistance in heart, skeletal muscle, renal and splanchnic circulations and with decreases in tissue blood flow in those regions at rest. Acute exercise caused a typical redistribution of blood flow, in which there was vasodilation in heart and working skeletal muscles, accompanied by vasoconstriction in kidney and splanchnic circulations. L-NA resulted in significantly elevated vascular resistance during vasodilation in heart and working skeletal muscles and also significantly increased vasoconstriction in renal cortex, stomach, pancreas, liver, and colon during exercise. Blood flows during exercise were largely unaffected by L-NA treatment. Our results suggest that whereas EDRF functions to regulate basal vascular tone and vascular resistance during exercise, EDRF has a minor role in determining the pattern of the redistribution of tissue blood flow during exercise.

High correlation of fractals for regional blood flows among resting and exercising skeletal muscles

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (1) ◽  
pp. H7-H13 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O. Iversen ◽  
G. Nicolaysen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Fractal Dimensions ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Blood Flows ◽  
Exercise Hyperemia ◽  
Regional Blood Flows ◽  
Resting Muscle ◽  
Surprising Finding

The regional blood flow distributions within single skeletal muscles are markedly uneven both at rest and during exercise hyperemia. Fractals adequately describe this perfusion heterogeneity in the resting lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle as well as in the myocardium. Recently, we provided evidence that the fractal dimension for the blood flow distributions in this resting muscle was strongly correlated with that of the myocardium in the same rabbit. Prompted by this hitherto unknown observation, we have now examined 1) whether fractals also describe perfusion distributions within muscles with a varying metabolic activity, and 2) whether the fractal dimensions for blood flow distributions to these muscles were correlated. We used pentobarbital-anesthetized rabbits and cats. The regional distributions of blood flow within various skeletal muscles were estimated by microsphere trapping. The data unequivocally showed that the perfusion distributions could be described with fractals both in resting and in exercising muscle in both species, the corresponding fractal dimensions ranging from 1.36 to 1.41. The fractal dimensions were markedly correlated (r2 ranged from 0.82 to 0.88) when both various resting and resting plus exercising muscles were compared in the same animal. This surprising finding of high correlations for the fractal dimensions among various muscles within one animal provides a novel characteristic of blood flow heterogeneity.

Training increases cardiac glucose uptake during rest and exercise in rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (3) ◽  
pp. H839-H845 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kainulainen ◽  
P. Virtanen ◽  
H. Ruskoaho ◽  
T. E. Takala
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Exercise ◽  
Glucose Uptake Rate ◽  
Deoxyglucose Method ◽  
Rest And Exercise ◽  
Regional Glucose Uptake

The effect of chronic exercise on the regional glucose uptake in the left ventricle of the heart was studied in resting and swimming rats using the 2-deoxyglucose method. The left ventricular glucose uptake of untrained resting controls averaged 1.7 +/- 0.1 mumol.min-1.g protein-1 and that of chronically trained resting rats 3.5 +/- 0.3 mumol.min-1.g protein-1 (P less than 0.001). During a 20-min swimming period the glucose uptake rate of untrained rats was 2.3 +/- 0.1 mumol.min-1.g protein-1 and that of trained rats 3.4 +/- 0.3 mumol.min-1.g protein-1 (P less than 0.01). The subendocardial glucose uptake was 25% higher than the subepicardial uptake in the resting control group, whereas no gradient was observed in the other groups. The product of heart rate and blood pressure during swimming increased by 60-70% in the untrained and trained groups. The increase in total left ventricular glucose uptake and its transmural distribution by training seemed to be independent of the actual oxygen consumption or supply of major alternative myocardial substrates.

Thermodynamic technique for the quantification of regional blood flow

1980 ◽  
Vol 238 (5) ◽  
pp. H682-H696
Author(s):  
T. Adams ◽  
S. R. Heisey ◽  
M. C. Smith ◽  
M. A. Steinmetz ◽  
J. C. Hartman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Local Blood Flow ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Steady State Temperature ◽  
Thermal Steady State

A method is described to quantify regional blood flow by thermal analysis. A weak temperature field is established in a tissue and for a thermal steady state, unidirectional heat flux and the associated temperature gradient are measured simultaneously across a small fixed segment of the tissue. This information is evaluated with probe calibrations for homogeneous isotropic fluids, with data from ancillary measurements in the nonperfused tissue and with values of specific heat and density of blood to express local blood flow in heat transfer [effective thermal conductivity (W. degrees C-1 . cm-1 x 10(-3) and/or in perfusion (ml . min-1 . cm-3)] terms. The technique measures local perfusion in small tissue volumes and is usable in acute or chronic experiments. Its accuracy is not a function of the absolute steady-state temperature of the tissue or of its metabolic heat production.

Effects of insulin on regional blood flow and glucose uptake in Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats

Metabolism ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Gaudreault ◽  
Marta Santuré ◽  
Maryse Pitre ◽  
André Nadeau ◽  
André Marette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

scholarly journals Accelerated contractile function and improved fatigue resistance of calf muscles in newborn piglets with IUGR

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (2) ◽  
pp. R304-R310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veit Wank ◽  
Reinhard Bauer ◽  
Bernd Walter ◽  
Harald Kluge ◽  
Martin S. Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Plantar Flexors ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Hindlimb Muscles ◽  
Isometric Muscle ◽  
Calf Muscles

Asymmetrical intrauterine growth restriction is denoted by disproportional reduction of muscle mass compared with body weight reduction. However, effects on contractile function or tissue development of skeletal muscles were not studied until now. Therefore, isometric force output of serial-stimulated hindlimb plantar flexors was measured in thiopental-anesthetized normal weight (NW) and intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) 1-day-old piglets under conditions of normal, reduced (aortic cross clamping), and reestablished (clamp release) blood supply (measured by colored microspheres technique). Furthermore, muscle fiber type distribution was determined after histochemical staining, specific muscle force of the plantar flexors [quotient from absolute force divided by muscle mass (N/g)] was calculated, and glycogen content and morphometric data of the investigated muscles were estimated. Regional blood flow of hindlimb muscles was similar in NW (6 ± 2 ml ⋅ min− 1 ⋅ 100 g− 1) and IUGR piglets (8 ± 1 ml ⋅ min− 1 ⋅ 100 g− 1). Isometric muscle contractions induced a marked increase in regional blood flow of 4.1-fold in NW and 5-fold in stimulated hindlimb muscles of IUGR piglets (baseline blood flow). Specific force of NW piglet muscles (5.2 ± 0.2 N/g) was significantly lower than IUGR piglet muscles (6.1 ± 0.6 N/g; P < 0.05). Isometric muscle contractions (NW: 32.7 ± 4.7 N; IUGR: 21.7 ± 4.0 N) resulted in a higher rate of force decrease in the calf muscles of NW animals compared with IUGR piglets (8 ± 2 vs. 3 ± 1%; P < 0.01). Functional restoration of contractile performance after hindlimb recirculation was nearly complete in IUGR piglets (98 ± 1%), whereas in NW piglets a deficit of 9 ± 3% was found ( P < 0.01). Muscle fiber type estimation revealed an increased proportion of type I fibers in flexor digitalis superficialis and gastrocnemius medialis in IUGR piglets ( P < 0.05). These data clearly indicate that contractile function is accelerated in newborn IUGR piglets.

Metabolic, hormonal, and hemodynamic changes induced by metabotropic excitatory amino acid agonist (1S,3R)-ACPD

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (4) ◽  
pp. R1026-R1033
Author(s):  
C. H. Lang ◽  
M. Ajmal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Central Administration ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Arterial Blood

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether central administration of (1S,3R)-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (ACPD), a selective metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, would stimulate glucose metabolism, activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, or influence pancreatic endocrine secretion. Intracerebroventricular injection of ACPD increased arterial glucose levels by 60% within 15 min, which were sustained throughout the 3-h experimental protocol. This hyperglycemia resulted from an early increase in hepatic glucose production (HGP, 88%) that exceeded the increase in glucose uptake by peripheral tissues (66%). Stimulation of glucose metabolism was associated with transient elevations in plasma insulin (145%) and glucagon (3-fold) levels and more sustained elevations in corticosterone (141%), epinephrine (3- to 5-fold), and norepinephrine (32-110%). Intravenous infusion of alpha- and beta-adrenergic antagonists prevented the ACPD-induced increase in glucose metabolism. Arterial blood pressure, cardiac index, and total peripheral resistance were not altered after ACPD. Overall, the changes in regional blood flow were unremarkable, although ACPD did increase blood flow to the liver (2-fold) and heart (48%) and decrease flow to the stomach (33%). These results indicate that central administration of ACPD 1) enhances HGP, which is primarily mediated by adrenergic stimulation; 2) increases glucose uptake by peripheral tissues, which appears to be mediated by both hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia; 3) stimulates pancreatic and adrenal hormone secretion independent of adrenergic activation; and 4) produces minimal changes in regional blood flow that cannot explain the glucose metabolic response produced by ACPD.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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