scholarly journals Is activation of human brown adipose tissue a viable target for weight management?

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (3) ◽  
pp. R479-R483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara L. Marlatt ◽  
Kong Y. Chen ◽  
Eric Ravussin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Pharmacological Studies

To date, human studies show that brown adipose tissue (BAT) contributes a small yet highly variable amount to overall energy expenditure. No studies have shown a decrease in body weight with cold-induced BAT activation, and existing pharmacological studies suggest that BAT activation via the sympathetic nervous system may result in increased heart rate and systolic blood pressure. Furthermore, even though the amount and/or activity of BAT have been shown to vary with seasons, such variation does not seem to be translated into weight changes. Collectively, these findings do not support the use of BAT activation for weight loss in humans; however, the potential role of BAT in counteracting the metabolic adaptation observed with weight loss is suggested. Although the role of BAT in weight control is currently unsubstantiated, BAT may play a role in improving insulin sensitivity in humans.

scholarly journals A potential role for endogenous oxytocin in adaptation to cold: implications for health?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 267-270
Author(s):  
Khojasta Talash ◽  
Maheswara Reddy Eevuri ◽  
Phuoc-Tan Diep
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Cold Adaptation ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis

Cold water swimming is thought to provide mental and physical health benefits, although the details of the potential signalling pathways involved in the body have not yet been fully established. We know that brown fat/brown adipose tissue is important in thermogenesis, thereby possibly helping in training the body to adapt to cold stimuli. As a result of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis during cold exposure, the body uses up the stored fat energy to produce heat energy. Such metabolism of fat can therefore help combat diseases associated with gain of fat, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, we present a potential role for oxytocin in stimulating brown adipose tissue thermogenesis during cold exposure and adaptation. We discuss cold adaptation and brown adipose tissue thermogenesis, and present our hypothesis for the role of oxytocin in cold adaptation and its perceived benefits for health.

142-OR: Unique Role of the a4 Component for S6-Kinase Activity in Metabolic Regulation and Anti-apoptotic Effect in Brown Adipose Tissue

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 142-OR
Author(s):  
MASAJI SAKAGUCHI ◽  
SHOTA OKAGAWA ◽  
SAYAKA KITANO ◽  
TATSUYA KONDO ◽  
EIICHI ARAKI
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
S6 Kinase ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Apoptotic Effect

The endocrine role of brown adipose tissue: An update on actors and actions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro ◽  
Joan Villarroya ◽  
Rubén Cereijo ◽  
Marta Giralt ◽  
Francesc Villarroya
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose

scholarly journals The Role of AMPK Signaling in Brown Adipose Tissue Activation

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1122
Author(s):  
Jamie I. van der van der Vaart ◽  
Mariëtte R. Boon ◽  
Riekelt H. Houtkooper
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Ampk Signaling ◽  
Mitochondrial Homeostasis ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Metabolic Stresses ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Body Energy

Obesity is becoming a pandemic, and its prevalence is still increasing. Considering that obesity increases the risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases, research efforts are focusing on new ways to combat obesity. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has emerged as a possible target to achieve this for its functional role in energy expenditure by means of increasing thermogenesis. An important metabolic sensor and regulator of whole-body energy balance is AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and its role in energy metabolism is evident. This review highlights the mechanisms of BAT activation and investigates how AMPK can be used as a target for BAT activation. We review compounds and other factors that are able to activate AMPK and further discuss the therapeutic use of AMPK in BAT activation. Extensive research shows that AMPK can be activated by a number of different kinases, such as LKB1, CaMKK, but also small molecules, hormones, and metabolic stresses. AMPK is able to activate BAT by inducing adipogenesis, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and inducing browning in white adipose tissue. We conclude that, despite encouraging results, many uncertainties should be clarified before AMPK can be posed as a target for anti-obesity treatment via BAT activation.

Brown adipose tissue activation in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (6) ◽  
pp. E731-E736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Wang ◽  
Xiangzhi Meng ◽  
Chun Yang ◽  
Dongliang Fang ◽  
Xuemeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Sympathetic Denervation ◽  
Brown Adipose

Loss of body weight and fat mass is one of the nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Weight loss is due primarily to reduced energy intake and increased energy expenditure. Whereas inadequate energy intake in PD patients is caused mainly by appetite loss and impaired gastrointestinal absorption, the underlying mechanisms for increased energy expenditure remain largely unknown. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a key thermogenic tissue in humans and other mammals, plays an important role in thermoregulation and energy metabolism; however, it has not been tested whether BAT is involved in the negative energy balance in PD. Here, using the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model of PD, we found that the activity of sympathetic nerve (SN), the expression of Ucp1 in BAT, and thermogenesis were increased in PD rats. BAT sympathetic denervation blocked sympathetic activity and decreased UCP1 expression in BAT and attenuated the loss of body weight in PD rats. Interestingly, sympathetic denervation of BAT was associated with decreased sympathetic tone and lipolysis in retroperitoneal and epididymal white adipose tissue. Our data suggeste that BAT-mediated thermogenesis may contribute to weight loss in PD.

scholarly journals Importance of brown adipose tissue to the thermal effect and weight loss induced by central administration of C75

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Cassolla ◽  
Maria Antonieta R. Garófalo ◽  
Juliana B. Guimarães ◽  
Frederico S. M. Machado ◽  
Coimbra C. Cândido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Thermal Effect ◽  
Central Administration ◽  
Brown Adipose
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