Lung volumes of singers

1960 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley S. Heller ◽  
William R. Hicks ◽  
Walter S. Root
Keyword(s):  
Lung Volume ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Total Lung Capacity ◽  
Residual Volume ◽  
Inspiratory Capacity ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Vocal Training ◽  
Professional Singers ◽  
Residual Capacity

Lung volume determinations (tidal volume, inspiratory capacity, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, vital capacity, maximum breathing capacity, functional residual capacity, residual volume, and total lung capacity) were carried out on 16 professional singers and 21 subjects who had had no professional vocal training. No differences were found between the two groups of subjects, whether recumbent or standing, which could not be explained upon the basis of age, size, or errors involved in making the measurements. Submitted on March 24, 1959

STUDIES OF RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY IN CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-193
Author(s):  
C. D. Cook ◽  
P. J. Helliesen ◽  
L. Kulczycki ◽  
H. Barrie ◽  
L. Friedlander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Total Lung Capacity ◽  
Lung Compliance ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Residual Volume ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Residual Capacity

Tidal volume, respiratory rate and lung volumes have been measured in 64 patients with cystic fibrosis of the pancreas while lung compliance and resistance were measured in 42 of these. Serial studies of lung volumes were done in 43. Tidal volume was reduced and the respiratory rate increased only in the most severely ill patients. Excluding the three patients with lobectomies, residual volume and functional residual capacity were found to be significantly increased in 46 and 21%, respectively. These changes correlated well with the roentgenographic evaluation of emphysema. Vital capacity was significantly reduced in 34% while total lung capacity was, on the average, relatively unchanged. Seventy per cent of the 61 patients had a signficantly elevated RV/TLC ratio. Lung compliance was significantly reduced in only the most severely ill patients but resistance was significantly increased in 35% of the patients studied. The serial studies of lung volumes showed no consistent trends among the groups of patients in the period between studies. However, 10% of the surviving patients showed evidence of significant improvement while 15% deteriorated. [See Fig. 8. in Source Pdf.] Although there were individual discrepancies, there was a definite correlation between the clinical evaluation and tests of respiratory function, especially the changes in residual volume, the vital capacity, RV/ TLC ratio and the lung compliance and resistance.

Effects of swim training on lung volumes and inspiratory muscle conditioning

1987 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Clanton ◽  
G. F. Dixon ◽  
J. Drake ◽  
J. E. Gadek
Keyword(s):  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Total Lung Capacity ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle ◽  
Residual Volume ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Muscle Conditioning ◽  
Mouth Pressure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Residual Capacity

Lung volumes and inspiratory muscle (IM) function tests were measured in 16 competitive female swimmers (age 19 +/- 1 yr) before and after 12 wk of swim training. Eight underwent additional IM training; the remaining eight were controls. Vital capacity (VC) increased 0.25 +/- 0.25 liters (P less than 0.01), functional residual capacity (FRC) increased 0.39 +/- 0.29 liters (P less than 0.001), and total lung capacity (TLC) increased 0.35 +/- 0.47 (P less than 0.025) in swimmers, irrespective of IM training. Residual volume (RV) did not change. Maximum inspiratory mouth pressure (PImax) measured at FRC changed -43 +/- 18 cmH2O (P less than 0.005) in swimmers undergoing IM conditioning and -29 +/- 25 (P less than 0.05) in controls. The time that 65% of prestudy PImax could be endured increased in IM trainers (P less than 0.001) and controls (P less than 0.05). All results were compared with similar IM training in normal females (age 21.1 +/- 0.8 yr) in which significant increases in PImax and endurance were observed in IM trainers only with no changes in VC, FRC, or TLC (Clanton et al., Chest 87: 62–66, 1985). We conclude that 1) swim training in mature females increases VC, TLC, and FRC with no effect on RV, and 2) swim training increases IM strength and endurance measured near FRC.

Static Lung Volumes in Singers

1973 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbur J. Gould ◽  
Hiroshi Okamura
Keyword(s):  
Lung Volume ◽  
Total Lung Capacity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Vocal Training ◽  
Professional Singers ◽  
Professional Singer ◽  
Singing Ability

It has long been assumed that the superior vocal ability of the trained professional singer arose from a higher than average breathing capacity and consequent above-normal ventilatory efficiency. However, until now, it has not been clear whether this presumed superior pulmonary capacity and breathing efficiency arose from training, from heredity, or from other factors. To clarify the role of training (and by inference that of other factors also) upon the capacity for singing, various indices reflecting static lung volumes, as distinguished from dynamic parameters measured during the act of singing, in trained professional singers, students of voice and subjects with no vocal training, were compared. Results indicated that contrary to reports by others, there were no significant differences in the total lung capacity (TLC) of the trained professional singer and that of the other two groups when allowances were made for age and sex; but when the ability to mobilize or utilize TLC was compared, it was found that the trained singer was much better able to do this than either of the other two groups. Specifically, it was found that the ratio of the residual lung volume (RV) (the amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a total voluntary expiration) to TLC was lower in the trained singer than in the students of voice, and that these students, in turn, had a lower RV/TLC ratio than the untrained subjects. These findings, therefore, suggest that the increased singing ability of the trained professional singer arises in large part from the ability to increase breathing efficiency by reducing the residual lung volume and, further, that this ability tends to improve with length of vocal training.

Hysteresis in the relation between diffusing capacity of the lung and lung volume

1980 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Cassidy ◽  
M. Ramanathan ◽  
G. L. Rose ◽  
R. L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Functional Residual Capacity ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Total Lung Capacity ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Residual Volume ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Residual Capacity

The diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) varies directly with lung volume (VA) when measured during a breath-holding interval. DLCO measured during a slow exhalation from total lung capacity (TLC) to functional residual capacity (FRC) does not vary as VA changes. Since VA is reached by inhaling during breath holding and by exhaling during the slow exhalation maneuver, we hypothesized that the variability in the relation between DLCO and VA was due to hysteresis. To test this hypothesis, breath-holding measurements of DLCO were made at three lung volumes, both when VA was reached by inhaling from residual volume (RV) and when Va was reached by exhaling from TLC. At 72% TLC, DLCO was 22% higher when VA was reached by exhalation compared to inhalation (P < 0.02). At 52% TLC, DLCO was 19% higher when VA was reached by exhalation compared to exhalation (P < 0.005). DCLO measured during a slow exhalation fell on the exhalation limb of the CLCO/VA curve. these data indicate that there is hysteresis in DLCO with respect to lung volume.

Lung volume specificity of inspiratory muscle training

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 789-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Tzelepis ◽  
D. L. Vega ◽  
M. E. Cohen ◽  
F. D. McCool
Keyword(s):  
Lung Volume ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Residual Volume ◽  
Maximal Inspiratory Pressure ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Inspiratory Capacity ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Before And After

We examined the extent to which training-related increases of inspiratory muscle (IM) strength are limited to the lung volume (VL) at which the training occurs. IM strength training consisted of performing repeated static maximum inspiratory maneuvers. Three groups of normal volunteers performed these maneuvers at one of three lung volumes: residual volume (RV), relaxation volume (Vrel), or Vrel plus one-half of inspiratory capacity (Vrel + 1/2IC). A control group did not train. We constructed maximal inspiratory pressure-VL curves before and after a 6-wk training period. For each group, we found that the greatest improvements in strength occurred at the volume at which the subjects trained and were significantly greater for those who trained at low (36% for RV and 26% for Vrel) than at high volumes (13% for Vrel + 1/2IC). Smaller increments in strength were noted at volumes adjacent to the training volume. The range of vital capacity (VC) over which strength was increased was greater for those who trained at low (70% of VC) than at high VL (20% of VC). We conclude that the greatest improvements in IM strength are specific to the VL at which training occurs. However, the increase in strength, as well as the range of volume over which strength is increased, is greater for those who trained at the lower VL.

Effect of Lung Volume on Voice Onset Time (VOT)

1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 516-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannette D. Hoit ◽  
Nancy Pearl Solomon ◽  
Thomas J. Hixon
Keyword(s):  
Lung Volume ◽  
Total Lung Capacity ◽  
Voice Onset Time ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Residual Volume ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Lung Capacity

This investigation was designed to test the hypothesis that voice onset time (VOT) varies as a function of lung volume. Recordings were made of five men as they repeated a phrase containing stressed /pi/ syllables, beginning at total lung capacity and ending at residual volume. VOT was found to be longer at high lung volumes and shorter at low lung volumes in most cases. This finding points out the need to take lung volume into account when using VOT as an index of laryngeal behavior in both healthy individuals and those with speech disorders.

Response of lung volumes and ventilation to posture change and upright exercise

1962 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Hanson ◽  
Burton S. Tabakin ◽  
Edgar J. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Total Lung Capacity ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Upright Posture ◽  
Residual Volume ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Posture Change ◽  
Normal Males

Variations in size of the various lung volumes due to changes in body position and as a consequence of treadmill exercise were studied in five normal males. Assumption of the upright posture was associated with highly significant increases in total lung capacity, vital capacity, expiratory reserve volume, and residual volume as compared to resting supine values. Level walking was associated with a decrease of expiratory reserve volume, but a further expansion of residual volume. Vital capacity decreased slightly, but total lung capacity increased by virtue of the proportionately large residual volume increases. Elevation of the treadmill to 4° resulted in slight decreases in all lung volumes, total lung capacity evidencing a barely significant decline. Positional changes in ventilation are described, and on the basis of the “lung clearance index” an increased efficiency of ventilation is seen in the upright posture. Factors possibly operative in these alterations are discussed. Submitted on February 21, 1962

scholarly journals Comparison of inspiratory and expiratory lung and lobe volumes among supine, standing, and sitting positions using conventional and upright CT

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitake Yamada ◽  
Minoru Yamada ◽  
Shotaro Chubachi ◽  
Yoichi Yokoyama ◽  
Shiho Matsuoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Functional Residual Capacity ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Total Lung Capacity ◽  
Middle Lobe ◽  
Inspiratory Capacity ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
Right Middle Lobe

Abstract Currently, no clinical studies have compared the inspiratory and expiratory volumes of unilateral lung or of each lobe among supine, standing, and sitting positions. In this prospective study, 100 asymptomatic volunteers underwent both low-radiation-dose conventional (supine position, with arms raised) and upright computed tomography (CT) (standing and sitting positions, with arms down) during inspiration and expiration breath-holds and pulmonary function test (PFT) on the same day. We compared the inspiratory/expiratory lung/lobe volumes on CT in the three positions. The inspiratory and expiratory bilateral upper and lower lobe and lung volumes were significantly higher in the standing/sitting positions than in the supine position (5.3–14.7% increases, all P < 0.001). However, the inspiratory right middle lobe volume remained similar in the three positions (all P > 0.15); the expiratory right middle lobe volume was significantly lower in the standing/sitting positions (16.3/14.1% decrease) than in the supine position (both P < 0.0001). The Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r) used to compare the total lung volumes on inspiratory CT in the supine/standing/sitting positions and the total lung capacity on PFT were 0.83/0.93/0.95, respectively. The r values comparing the total lung volumes on expiratory CT in the supine/standing/sitting positions and the functional residual capacity on PFT were 0.83/0.85/0.82, respectively. The r values comparing the total lung volume changes from expiration to inspiration on CT in the supine/standing/sitting positions and the inspiratory capacity on PFT were 0.53/0.62/0.65, respectively. The study results could impact preoperative CT volumetry of the lung in lung cancer patients (before lobectomy) for the prediction of postoperative residual pulmonary function, and could be used as the basis for elucidating undetermined pathological mechanisms. Furthermore, in addition to morphological evaluation of the chest, inspiratory and expiratory upright CT may be used as an alternative tool to predict lung volumes such as total lung capacity, functional residual capacity, and inspiratory capacity in situation in which PFT cannot be performed such as during an infectious disease pandemic, with relatively more accurate predictability compared with conventional supine CT.

scholarly journals Influence of lung volume on pulmonary microvascular pressure-volume characteristics

2000 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 1591-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
George P. Topulos ◽  
Richard E. Brown ◽  
James P. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Lung Volume ◽  
Total Lung Capacity ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Vascular Volume ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
Volume Characteristics ◽  
Lung Microcirculation

The pressure-volume (P-V) characteristics of the lung microcirculation are important determinants of the pattern of pulmonary perfusion and of red and white cell transit times. Using diffuse light scattering, we measured capillary P-V loops in seven excised perfused dog lobes at four lung volumes, from functional residual capacity (FRC) to total lung capacity (TLC), over a wide range of vascular transmural pressures (Ptm). At Ptm 5 cmH2O, specific compliance of the microvasculature was 8.6%/cmH2O near FRC, decreasing to 2.7%/cmH2O as lung volume increased to TLC. At low lung volumes, the vasculature showed signs of strain stiffening (specific compliance fell as Ptm rose), but stiffening decreased as lung volume increased and was essentially absent at TLC. The P-V loops were smooth without sharp transitions, consistent with vascular distension as the primary mode of changes in vascular volume with changes in Ptm. Hysteresis was small (0.013) at all lung volumes, suggesting that, although surface tension may set basal capillary shape, it does not strongly affect capillary compliance.

Effect of breathing helium-oxygen on static lung volumes and lung recoil in normal man

1977 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 899-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Hutcheon ◽  
J. R. Rodarte ◽  
R. E. Hyatt
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Total Lung Capacity ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
T Test ◽  
Elastic Recoil ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
Normal Man

Static lung volumes and static elastic recoil pressure (Pel) were measured in normal subjects breathing air and 80% helium plus 20% oxygen (He+O2). In 22 subjects, He+O2 produced small but significant increases in total lung capacity (TLC) (mean 0.11 liter, P less than 0.001) and residual volume (mean 0.10 liter, P less than 0.01) without change in vital capacity or functional residual capacity. The mechanisms for this change are obscure. In 10 subjects, breathing He+O2 had no significant effect on Pel (paired t-test) at any lung volume measured (50–80% TLC). In one subject, Pel at 70 and 80% TLC was significantly higher on air than on He+O2 (unpaired t-test, P less than 0.05). Because changes in lung volumes and lung recoil were small, we concluded that these effects do not negate the clinical utility of He+O2 flow-volume curves.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document