Echinocytic transformation and aggregation of red cells in uremic patients

1996 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 711-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Agroyannis ◽  
A. Dalamangas ◽  
H. Tzanatos ◽  
C. Fourtounas ◽  
I. Kopelias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Sodium Salicylate ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Isolated rabbit lungs were perfused with washed and resuspended human red blood cells (RBCs) in the presence of drugs known to change the shape and deformability of RBCs. With sodium salicylate (0.5-2 g/l), which causes echinocytosis and increases RBC deformability, lung diffusing capacity for O2 (DLO2) increased by 21%. When chlorpromazine, which induces stomatocytosis and stiffens RBCs, was given (50 mg/l), DLO2 decreased by 18% under chlorpromazine. Comparative experiments with hemoglobin solutions did not reveal any effect of those two drugs either on DLO2 or on pulmonary arterial pressure, which indicates that the effects of sodium salicylate and chlorpromazine were due to changes in RBC shape and deformability. It is concluded that RBC shape and deformability affect pulmonary artery pressure and oxygen diffusing capacity, which may have an influence on oxygen transfer to tissue and hence be of clinical relevance.

Effect of RBC shape and deformability on pulmonary O2 diffusing capacity and resistance to flow in rabbit lungs

1995 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 778-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Betticher ◽  
W. H. Reinhart ◽  
J. Geiser
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Sodium Salicylate ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Mean

Isolated rabbit lungs were perfused with washed and resuspended human red blood cells (RBCs) in the presence of drugs known to change the shape and deformability of RBCs. With sodium salicylate (0.5–2 g/l), which causes echinocytosis and increases RBC deformability, lung diffusing capacity for O2 (DLO2) increased by 21%. When chlorpromazine, which induces stomatocytosis and stiffens RBCs, was given (50 mg/l), DLO2 decreased by 18%. With sodium salicylate, the mean pulmonary artery pressure dropped by 14% from control values, whereas it increased by 18% under chlorpromazine. Comparative experiments with hemoglobin solutions did not reveal any effect of those two drugs either on DLO2 or on pulmonary arterial pressure, which indicates that the effects of sodium salicylate and chlorpromazine were due to changes in RBC shape and deformability. It is concluded that RBC shape and deformability affect pulmonary artery pressure and oxygen diffusing capacity, which may have an influence on oxygen transfer to tissue and hence be of clinical relevance.

Effect of hypoxia on pulmonary artery pressure of dogs

1964 ◽  
Vol 207 (6) ◽  
pp. 1314-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benson R. Wilcox ◽  
W. Gerald Austen ◽  
Harvey W. Bender
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Vasoconstriction ◽  
Systemic Hypoxia ◽  
Pump Output ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

The mechanism by which the pulmonary artery pressure rises in response to hypoxia has never been clearly demonstrated. This problem was reinvestigated in experiments utilizing separate pulmonary and systemic perfusion systems. These vascular beds were perfused in such a fashion that a change in pulmonary artery pressure could only result from changes in vasomotor tone. Alveolar-pulmonary vein hypoxia was usually associated with a slight fall in pulmonary artery pressure. Systemic hypoxia resulted in elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure in 10 of the 12 animals tested with a constant-flow and constant-pulmonary venous pressure. In addition, all animals with systemic desaturation showed an increased venous return. When the "cardiac output" (pump output) was increased to match this return, the elevation in pulmonary artery pressure increased. It was concluded that the pulmonary arterial pressure elevation seen with hypoxia is the result of active pulmonary vasoconstriction coupled with an increased pulmonary blood flow.

Effect of tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy on pulmonary arterial pressure in adults

Open Medicine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-486
Author(s):  
Saeed Abdelwhab ◽  
Khaled. Dessoukey ◽  
Gamal Lotfy ◽  
Ashraf Alsaeed ◽  
Hesham Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Mean Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Group 1

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the mean pulmonary pressure in adult with hypertrophic tonsils and adenoids and to clarify whether tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy has any effect on mean pulmonary arterial pressure of these adult. The study was carried out on 50 patients with diagnosis of upper airway obstruction resulting from hypertrophied tonsils and adenoids (group1). 25 adults were assigned as control with similar age and sex distribution (group2). For study subjects Routine general Examinations, BMI, ECG, Chest X ray, Arterial blood gases and Echocardiography were done. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure was measured by using Doppler Echocardiography preoperatively and mean 3–4 months postoperatively in all subjects. Elevated PAP (pulmonary artery pressure) was found in 15 patients (30%) in group 1 preoperatively. Mean PAP was 28.34 ±5.11 mmHg preoperative in group 1 and 19.84 ± 5.0 mmHg in group 2 (p <0.001). PAP decrease to 22.38 ±4.28 mmHg postoperatively in group 1 (p <0.001). Arterial oxygen saturation (spo2%) increase from 93.5 ± 1.9% preoperatively to 95.3 ± 1.3% post operatively (p < 0.001). percent reduction of PAP postoperatively correlates to age (t=−2.3, p= 0.02), preoperative PAP (p =0.01) but no correlation was found with BMI. In conclusions, this Study showed that obstructed adenoid and hypertrophy of tonsils causes higher mean pulmonary artery pressure in adult & revealed that tonsil& adenoid is effective therapeutic measure in such patients. With early intervention is necessary to avoid progressive cardiopulmonary disease.

scholarly journals THE PULMONARY ARTERIAL PRESSURE IN NORMAL ALBINO RATS AND THE EFFECT THEREON OF EPINEPHRINE

1934 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. C. Smith ◽  
Granville A. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Satisfactory Method ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Nembutal Anesthesia

1. A satisfactory method for the direct determination of the pulmonary arterial pressure in rats is described. 2. The arithmetical mean of the blood pressure in the pulmonary artery in a series of thirty-four normal albino rats under nembutal anesthesia is 256 mm. H20 (18.8 mm. Hg). 3. Intravenous epinephrine causes an abrupt but briefly sustained rise in the pulmonary arterial pressure with a gradual return to normal.

scholarly journals Transcatheter radiofrequency pulmonary artery denervation in swine: the evaluation of lesion degree, hemodynamics and pulmonary hypertension inducibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia S. Goncharova ◽  
Heber Ivan Condori Leandro ◽  
Aleksandr D. Vakhrushev ◽  
Elena G. Koshevaya ◽  
Yury A. Skorik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Mechanisms of positive effects of pulmonary artery (PA) denervation (PADN) remain poorly understood. The study aimed to evaluate pulmonary hemodynamic changes after PADN and their association with the extent of PA wall damage in an acute thromboxane A2 (TXA2)-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) model in swine. Methods In this experimental sham-controlled study, 17 normotensive male white Landrace pigs (the mean weight 36.2 ± 4.5 kg) were included and randomly assigned to group I (n = 9)—PH modeling before and after PADN, group II (n = 4)—PADN only, or group III (n = 4)—PH modeling before and after a sham procedure. Radiofrequency (RF) PADN was performed in the PA trunk and at the proximal parts of the right and left PAs. PA wall lesions were characterized at the autopsy study using histological and the immunohistochemical examination. Results In groups I and II, no statistically significant changes in the mean pulmonary arterial pressure nor systemic blood pressure were found after PADN (−0.8 ± 3.4 vs 4.3 ± 8.6 mmHg, P = 0.47; and 6.0 ± 15.9 vs -8.3 ± 7.5 mmHg, P = 0.1; correspondingly). There was a trend towards a lower diastolic pulmonary arterial pressure after PADN in group I when compared with group III during repeat PH induction (34.4 ± 2.9 vs 38.0 ± 0.8; P = 0.06). Despite the presence of severe PA wall damage at the RF application sites, S100 expression was preserved in the majority of PA specimens. The presence of high-grade PA lesions was associated with HR acceleration after PADN (ρ = 0.68, p = 0.03). No significant correlation was found between the grade of PA lesion severity and PA pressure after PADN with or without PH induction. Conclusions Extended PADN does not affect PH induction using TXA2. Significant PA adventitia damage is associated with HR acceleration after PADN. Possible delayed effects of PADN on perivascular nerves and pulmonary hemodynamics require further research in chronic experiments.

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