scholarly journals Effect of intercostal muscle contraction on rib motion in humans studied by finite element analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 1165-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangzhi Zhang ◽  
Xian Chen ◽  
Junji Ohgi ◽  
Fei Jiang ◽  
Seiryo Sugiura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Special Structure ◽  
Tissue Deformation ◽  
Intercostal Muscle ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Rib Cage ◽  
Intercostal Muscles

The effect of intercostal muscle contraction on generating rib motion has been investigated for a long time and is still controversial in physiology. This may be because of the complicated structure of the rib cage, making direct prediction of the relationship between intercostal muscle force and rib movement impossible. Finite element analysis is a useful tool that is good at solving complex structural mechanic problems. In this study, we individually activated the intercostal muscle groups from the dorsal to ventral portions and obtained five different rib motions classified based on rib moving directions. We found that the ribs cannot only rigidly rotate around the spinal joint but also be deformed, particularly around the relatively soft costal cartilages, where the moment of muscle force for the rigid rotation is small. Although the intercostal muscles near the costal cartilages cannot generate a large moment to rotate the ribs, the muscles may still have a potential to deform the costal cartilages and contribute to the expansion and contraction of the rib cage based on the force-length relationship. Our results also indicated that this potential is matched well with the special shape of the costal cartilages, which become progressively oblique in the caudal direction. Compared with the traditional explanation of rib motion, by additionally considering the effect from the tissue deformation, we found that the special structure of the ventral portion of the human rib cage could be of mechanical benefit to the intercostal muscles, generating inspiratory and expiratory rib motions. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Compared with the traditional explanation of rib motion, additionally considering the effect from tissue deformation helps us understand the special structure of the ventral portion of the human rib cage, such that the costal cartilages progressively become oblique and the costochondral junction angles gradually change into nearly right angles from the upper to lower ribs, which could be of mechanical benefit to the intercostal muscles in the ventral portion, generating inspiratory and expiratory rib motions.

Intercostal muscle action inferred from finite-element analysis

1991 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 2712-2718 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Loring ◽  
J. A. Woodbridge
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Intercostal Muscle ◽  
External Layer ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Rib Cage ◽  
Intercostal Muscles ◽  
Muscle Actions

The external and internal intercostal muscles are important respiratory muscles in humans, but their mechanical actions have been controversial. We used finite-element analysis based on anatomic and mechanical measurements in dogs to assess the action of the intercostal and other rib cage muscles in a model of an isolated canine rib cage. When intercostal muscle forces of either the internal or the external layer were applied in a single interspace, they pulled the adjacent ribs together, consistent with published observations in dogs. However, when the forces were applied in all interspaces, the external layer caused an inspiratory motion and the internal layer caused an expiratory motion, consistent with conventional understanding of intercostal muscle actions. Parasternal intercostal, levator costae, and transversus thoracis (triangularis sterni) muscle actions were also simulated. These muscles caused expected movements of the ribs and sternum. We conclude that the actions of intercostal muscles depend on the spatial extent of their activation. Their actions in a single interspace and in multiple interspaces can be observed and explained with three-dimensional finite-element models.

Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of Cement Silo Structure

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 1234-1237
Author(s):  
Hong Gan ◽  
Yi Zhen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Special Structure ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Ansys Simulation ◽  
Analysis Calculation

Cement silo belonging to special structure, widely used in the cement industry, cement production is essential in the process of building. With the development of society, advances in industrial, cement silo construction have been expanding. This is an update to a cement silo structure, using finite element analysis, calculation and analysis in the context of full and half given mechanical properties, with ANSYS simulation modeling in order to get weak cement silo structure location, and design improvements for the weak position.

Design of the Columns of one Passenger Station in HongKong

2011 ◽  
Vol 94-96 ◽  
pp. 520-526
Author(s):  
Hui Feng Xi ◽  
Wei Ping Yang ◽  
Zhi Gui Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Special Structure ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Design Standard ◽  
Conventional Design ◽  
Passenger Station

A passenger station in Hongkong with a special structure whose roof is supported by nine mega columns which are linked in the middle by joints. The conventional design standard are inapplicable and alternatively for this structure, the design of the supporting columns of the passenger stations was verified by both finite element analysis and manual calculations. The results are consistent with each other.

Action of human respiratory muscles inferred from finite element analysis of rib cage

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1461-1465 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Loring
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Geometric Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Rib Cage

The actions of several human respiratory muscles have been inferred from finite element analysis of the rib cage. The human model is based on anatomic and mechanical measurements in dogs and human cadavers. As in an earlier canine model, the external and internal (interosseous) intercostal muscles were found to cause, respectively, inspiratory and expiratory displacements of the rib cage, in agreement with the two-dimensional geometric analysis of Hamberger. When extended to three dimensions, Hamberger's analysis helps explain why muscles at the side of the rib cage produce changes in the anteroposterior diameter, whereas muscles at the front and back of the rib cage cause changes in the transverse diameter.

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