scholarly journals Cerebellar asymmetry and its relation to cerebral asymmetry estimated by intrinsic functional connectivity

2013 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danhong Wang ◽  
Randy L. Buckner ◽  
Hesheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Functional Asymmetry ◽  
Association Cortex ◽  
Posterior Lobe ◽  
Cerebral Asymmetry ◽  
Cerebral Lateralization ◽  
Intrinsic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Functional Lateralization ◽  
Crus I

Asymmetry of the human cerebellum was investigated using intrinsic functional connectivity. Regions of functional asymmetry within the cerebellum were identified during resting-state functional MRI ( n = 500 subjects) and replicated in an independent cohort ( n = 500 subjects). The most strongly right lateralized cerebellar regions fell within the posterior lobe, including crus I and crus II, in regions estimated to link to the cerebral association cortex. The most strongly left lateralized cerebellar regions were located in lobules VI and VIII in regions linked to distinct cerebral association networks. Comparison of cerebellar asymmetry with independently estimated cerebral asymmetry revealed that the lateralized regions of the cerebellum belong to the same networks that are strongly lateralized in the cerebrum. The degree of functional asymmetry of the cerebellum across individuals was significantly correlated with cerebral asymmetry and varied with handedness. In addition, cerebellar asymmetry estimated at rest predicted cerebral lateralization during an active language task. These results demonstrate that functional lateralization is likely a unitary feature of large-scale cerebrocerebellar networks, consistent with the hypothesis that the cerebellum possesses a roughly homotopic map of the cerebral cortex including the prominent asymmetries of the association cortex.

scholarly journals Situating the left-lateralized language network in the broader organization of multiple specialized large-scale distributed networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 1415-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo M. Braga ◽  
Lauren M. DiNicola ◽  
Hannah C. Becker ◽  
Randy L. Buckner
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Distributed Networks ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Association Cortex ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
Language Network

This research shows that a language network can be identified within individuals using functional connectivity. Organizational details reveal that the language network shares a common spatial motif with other association networks, including default and frontoparietal control networks. The language network is activated by language task demands, whereas closely juxtaposed networks are not, suggesting that similarly organized but differentially specialized distributed networks populate association cortex.

Discriminative Analysis of Symptom Severity and Ultra-High Risk of Schizophrenia Using Intrinsic Functional Connectivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (09) ◽  
pp. 2050047
Author(s):  
Lubin Wang ◽  
Xianbin Li ◽  
Yuyang Zhu ◽  
Bei Lin ◽  
Qijing Bo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Intrinsic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Ultra High Risk

Past studies have consistently shown functional dysconnectivity of large-scale brain networks in schizophrenia. In this study, we aimed to further assess whether multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) could yield a sensitive predictor of patient symptoms, as well as identify ultra-high risk (UHR) stage of schizophrenia from intrinsic functional connectivity of whole-brain networks. We first combined rank-based feature selection and support vector machine methods to distinguish between 43 schizophrenia patients and 52 healthy controls. The constructed classifier was then applied to examine functional connectivity profiles of 18 UHR individuals. The classifier indicated reliable relationship between MVPA measures and symptom severity, with higher classification accuracy in more severely affected schizophrenia patients. The UHR subjects had classification scores falling between those of healthy controls and patients, suggesting an intermediate level of functional brain abnormalities. Moreover, UHR individuals with schizophrenia-like connectivity profiles at baseline presented higher rate of conversion to full-blown illness in the follow-up visits. Spatial maps of discriminative brain regions implicated increases of functional connectivity in the default mode network, whereas decreases of functional connectivity in the cerebellum, thalamus and visual areas in schizophrenia. The findings may have potential utility in the early diagnosis and intervention of schizophrenia.

scholarly journals The Detailed Organization of the Human Cerebellum Estimated by Intrinsic Functional Connectivity Within the Individual

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aihuiping Xue ◽  
Ru Kong ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Mark C. Eldaief ◽  
Peter Angeli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
The Body ◽  
Central Field ◽  
Posterior Lobe ◽  
Multiple Networks ◽  
Crus I ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Functional Connectivity Mri

Distinct regions of the cerebellum connect to separate regions of the cerebral cortex forming a complex topography. While cerebellar organization has been examined in group-averaged data, study of individuals provides an opportunity to discover features that emerge at a higher spatial resolution. Here functional connectivity MRI was used to examine the cerebellum of two intensively-sampled individuals (each scanned 31 times). Connectivity to somatomotor cortex showed the expected crossed laterality and topography of the body maps. A surprising discovery was connectivity to the primary visual cortex along the vermis with evidence for representation of the central field. Within the hemispheres, each individual displayed a hierarchical progression from the inverted anterior lobe somatomotor map through to higher-order association zones. The hierarchy ended at Crus I/II and then progressed in reverse order through to the upright somatomotor map in the posterior lobe. Evidence for a third set of networks was found in the most posterior extent of the cerebellum. Detailed analysis of the higher-order association networks revealed robust representations of two distinct networks linked to the default network, multiple networks linked to cognitive control, as well as a separate representation of a language network. While idiosyncratic spatial details emerged between subjects, each network could be detected in both individuals, and seed regions placed within the cerebellum recapitulated the full extent of the spatially-specific cerebral networks. The observation of multiple networks in juxtaposed regions at the Crus I/II apex confirms the importance of this zone to higher-order cognitive function and reveals new organizational details.

scholarly journals The Detailed Organization of the Human Cerebellum Estimated by Intrinsic Functional Connectivity Within the Individual

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aihuiping Xue ◽  
Ru Kong ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Mark C. Eldaief ◽  
Peter Angeli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
The Body ◽  
Central Field ◽  
Posterior Lobe ◽  
Multiple Networks ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Crus I ◽  
The Individual

Distinct regions of the cerebellum connect to separate regions of the cerebral cortex forming a complex topography. While key properties of cerebellar organization have been revealed in group-averaged data, in-depth study of individuals provides an opportunity to discover functional-anatomical features that emerge at a higher spatial resolution. Here functional connectivity MRI was used to examine the cerebellum of two intensively-sampled individuals (each scanned across 31 MRI sessions). Connectivity to somatomotor cortex showed the expected crossed laterality and inversion of the body maps between the anterior and posterior lobes. A surprising discovery was connectivity to the primary visual cortex along the vermis with evidence for representation of the central field. Within the hemispheres, each individual displayed a hierarchical progression from the inverted anterior lobe somatomotor map through to higher-order association zones. The hierarchy ended near Crus I/II and then progressed in reverse order through to the upright somatomotor map in the posterior lobe. Evidence for a third set of networks was found in the most posterior extent of the cerebellum. Detailed analysis of the higher-order association networks around the Crus I/II apex revealed robust representations of two distinct networks linked to the default network, multiple networks linked to cognitive control, as well as a separate representation of a language network. While idiosyncratic spatial details emerged between subjects, each of these networks could be detected in both individuals, and small seed regions placed within the cerebellum recapitulated the full extent of the spatially-specific cerebral networks. The observation of multiple networks in juxtaposed regions at the Crus I/II apex confirms the importance of this zone to higher-order cognitive function and reveals new organizational details.

scholarly journals The organization of the human cerebellum estimated by intrinsic functional connectivity

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 2322-2345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy L. Buckner ◽  
Fenna M. Krienen ◽  
Angela Castellanos ◽  
Julio C. Diaz ◽  
B. T. Thomas Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Body Representation ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Association Cortex ◽  
Posterior Lobe ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Discovery Sample ◽  
Human Cerebellum ◽  
Functional Connectivity Mri

The cerebral cortex communicates with the cerebellum via polysynaptic circuits. Separate regions of the cerebellum are connected to distinct cerebral areas, forming a complex topography. In this study we explored the organization of cerebrocerebellar circuits in the human using resting-state functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI). Data from 1,000 subjects were registered using nonlinear deformation of the cerebellum in combination with surface-based alignment of the cerebral cortex. The foot, hand, and tongue representations were localized in subjects performing movements. fcMRI maps derived from seed regions placed in different parts of the motor body representation yielded the expected inverted map of somatomotor topography in the anterior lobe and the upright map in the posterior lobe. Next, we mapped the complete topography of the cerebellum by estimating the principal cerebral target for each point in the cerebellum in a discovery sample of 500 subjects and replicated the topography in 500 independent subjects. The majority of the human cerebellum maps to association areas. Quantitative analysis of 17 distinct cerebral networks revealed that the extent of the cerebellum dedicated to each network is proportional to the network's extent in the cerebrum with a few exceptions, including primary visual cortex, which is not represented in the cerebellum. Like somatomotor representations, cerebellar regions linked to association cortex have separate anterior and posterior representations that are oriented as mirror images of one another. The orderly topography of the representations suggests that the cerebellum possesses at least two large, homotopic maps of the full cerebrum and possibly a smaller third map.

scholarly journals Intrinsic Functional Connectivity Networks in Healthy Elderly Subjects: A Multiparametric Approach with Structural Connectivity Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gorges ◽  
Hans-Peter Müller ◽  
Albert C. Ludolph ◽  
Volker Rasche ◽  
Jan Kassubek
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Intrinsic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Healthy Elderly Subjects

Intrinsic functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (iFCMRI) provides an encouraging approach for mapping large-scale intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs) in the “resting” brain. Structural connections as measured by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are a major constraint on the identified ICNs. This study aimed at the combined investigation of ten well-defined ICNs in healthy elderly subjects at single subject level as well as at the group level, together with the underlying structural connectivity. IFCMRI and DTI data were acquired in twelve subjects (68 ± 7 years) at a 3T scanner and were studied using thetensor imaging and fiber trackingsoftware package. The seed-based iFCMRI analysis approach was comprehensively performed with DTI analysis, following standardized procedures including an 8-step processing of iFCMRI data. Our findings demonstrated robust ICNs at the single subject level and conclusive brain maps at the group level in the healthy elderly sample, supported by the complementary fiber tractography. The findings demonstrated here provide a methodological framework for future comparisons of pathological (e.g., neurodegenerative) conditions with healthy controls on the basis of multiparametric functional connectivity mapping.

scholarly journals The organization of the human cerebral cortex estimated by intrinsic functional connectivity

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 1125-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. T. Thomas Yeo ◽  
Fenna M. Krienen ◽  
Jorge Sepulcre ◽  
Mert R. Sabuncu ◽  
Danial Lashkari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Distributed Networks ◽  
Association Cortex ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Temporal Area ◽  
Hierarchical Relations ◽  
Connectivity Patterns

Information processing in the cerebral cortex involves interactions among distributed areas. Anatomical connectivity suggests that certain areas form local hierarchical relations such as within the visual system. Other connectivity patterns, particularly among association areas, suggest the presence of large-scale circuits without clear hierarchical relations. In this study the organization of networks in the human cerebrum was explored using resting-state functional connectivity MRI. Data from 1,000 subjects were registered using surface-based alignment. A clustering approach was employed to identify and replicate networks of functionally coupled regions across the cerebral cortex. The results revealed local networks confined to sensory and motor cortices as well as distributed networks of association regions. Within the sensory and motor cortices, functional connectivity followed topographic representations across adjacent areas. In association cortex, the connectivity patterns often showed abrupt transitions between network boundaries. Focused analyses were performed to better understand properties of network connectivity. A canonical sensory-motor pathway involving primary visual area, putative middle temporal area complex (MT+), lateral intraparietal area, and frontal eye field was analyzed to explore how interactions might arise within and between networks. Results showed that adjacent regions of the MT+ complex demonstrate differential connectivity consistent with a hierarchical pathway that spans networks. The functional connectivity of parietal and prefrontal association cortices was next explored. Distinct connectivity profiles of neighboring regions suggest they participate in distributed networks that, while showing evidence for interactions, are embedded within largely parallel, interdigitated circuits. We conclude by discussing the organization of these large-scale cerebral networks in relation to monkey anatomy and their potential evolutionary expansion in humans to support cognition.

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