scholarly journals Ionic Fragmentation of NO Following Excitation of the NK-Shell and the OK-Shell Electron

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isao H. Suzuki ◽  
Norio Saito
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Molecular Ion ◽  
Fragment Ions ◽  
Simulation Calculation ◽  
Measured Time ◽  
Ionic Fragmentation ◽  
Singly Charged ◽  
Doubly Charged ◽  
X Ray Absorption

Ionic fragmentation of NO stimulated by soft X-ray absorption has been studied using a monochromatized synchrotron radiation and a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. In photoexcitation of a 1s electron, the singly charged molecular ion NO+ was formed only at 410 and 533 eV (transitions to the 2π orbital), and a fragment ion N+ had the highest intensity in all the energies. The doubly charged molecular ion was produced appreciably, and fragment ions (N2+ and O2+) were formed considerably even below the 1s ionization thresholds. The measured time-of-flight spectra were converted into kinetic energy distributions of N+, O+, N2+ and O2+ at photon energies for characteristic excitation by a simulation calculation. The dissociation pathways from the core-hole states of NO were discussed using the kinetic energy distribution and ion intensity ratios as well as Auger electron spectra in the literature.

Rearrangements in the Molecular Ions of Some ortho-Substituted Schiff Bases

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Blumenthal ◽  
M Dosen ◽  
RG Gillis ◽  
QN Porter
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Schiff Bases ◽  
Molecular Ions ◽  
Energy Spectra ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Deuterium Labelling ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Molecular Ion ◽  
Fragment Ions ◽  
Ion Kinetic Energy

Under electron ionization conditions, the ortho-substituted Schiff bases N-benzylidene-o-toluidine (1a), N-(o-methylbenzylidene)aniline (1b), N-salicylideneaniline (1c) and N-(o-methoxybenzylidene)aniline (1d) give fragment ions which have been shown by collision-activated mass-analysed ion kinetic energy spectra to have the structure of the protonated molecular ions of indole (2), benzofuran (3), and 1,2-benzisoxazole (4). The molecular ion of N-(o-methylbenzylidene)-o-toluidine (1f) gives as fragment ions not only the protonated molecular ion (2) of indole and the tropylium ion but also the molecular ion of anthracene. Attempts to find supporting evidence for a mechanism for this rearrangement by deuterium labelling of a methyl group in (1b), such as (1g), have been unsuccessful.

Characteristics of the projectile and target fragments produced in 84Kr36 — emulsion interaction at 1GeV per nucleon

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (09) ◽  
pp. 2050077
Author(s):  
S. Kumar ◽  
M. K. Singh ◽  
R. K. Jain ◽  
V. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Nuclear Emulsion ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Fragmentation Parameter ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Emission Behavior ◽  
Singly Charged ◽  
Doubly Charged ◽  
Incident Kinetic Energy

In the present analysis, we have focused on the emission characteristics of the projectile and target fragments produced from the interaction of [Formula: see text]Kr with nuclear emulsion at 1 A GeV. We have studied the variation of the fragmentation parameter for singly charged [Formula: see text], doubly charged [Formula: see text], lower multiple-charged [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text], medium multiple-charged [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] and higher multiple-charged [Formula: see text], projectile fragments with respect to mass of the projectile and found that they are showing the different behaviors for different projectile fragments. We have also studied the emission behavior of shower particles, with respect to the black and gray particles. The present studies show that the production of shower particles strongly depends on the incident kinetic energy of the projectile and also depending on the interaction of the different types of target nuclei of nuclear emulsion.

scholarly journals Electron transfer in argon

1939 ◽  
Vol 171 (946) ◽  
pp. 383-397 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Ionization Potential ◽  
Neutral Atom ◽  
Normal Atom ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Singly Charged ◽  
Doubly Charged ◽  
Charged Ions ◽  
First Ionization Potential

When a singly-charged ion A collides with a normal atom B an electron may be transferred from 15 to A with the result that A becomes a neutral atom and B becomes a singly-charged ion. If the ionization potential of A is greater than that of B this process results in an evolution of energy equal to the difference between the ionization energies of A and B . If a doubly-charged ion A collides with a normal atom B , an electron being transferred from B to A during the collision, the process results in two singly-charged ions. The energy liberated in this process is equivalent to the difference between the second ionization potential of A and the first ionization potential of B . This may be partially or wholly employed in exciting one of the resulting ions or in increasing the kinetic energy of the separating particles.

scholarly journals Die kinetische Energie ionisierter Molekülfragmente

1966 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 2069-2082
Author(s):  
R. Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Initial Energy ◽  
Energy Spectra ◽  
Charged Fragment ◽  
Doubly Charged Ions ◽  
Fragment Ions ◽  
High Kinetic Energy ◽  
New Type ◽  
Singly Charged ◽  
Doubly Charged ◽  
Charged Ions

It is well known that in the initial energy spectra of hydrocarbon fragment ions formed by electron impact, satellite ion groups occur which are believed to be mainly due to the fragmentation of doubly charged ions into two singly charged fragments. By using an electron energy of 150 eV a new type of satellite was observed in the initial energy spectra of C1Hk+ and C2Hl+ fragment ions from hydrocarbons with three and more carbon atoms. The n-paraffins were investigated systematically up to n-decane. Because the initial energy of these satellites is nearly twice the initial energy of the already well known “first” satellites, it is suggested that these newly discovered “second” satellites are due to an analogous fragmentation process of the typeA+++→B+ + C++.Therefore, a careful search was made for the corresponding doubly charged fragment ions of high kinetic energy. Well pronounced satellite groups of doubly charged fragment ions were, indeed, found. Their momentum approximately equals the momentum of the corresponding “second” satellites of singly charged fragments, which supports the suggested mechanism.

Kinetic Energy Release and Metastable Transitions II. The Decomposition of Doubly-Charged Ions of Aliphatic and Alicyclic Hydrocarbons

1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
M. Barber ◽  
K. R . Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Energy Release ◽  
Kinetic Energy Release ◽  
Doubly Charged Ions ◽  
Fragment Ions ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation ◽  
High Kinetic Energy ◽  
Double Focusing ◽  
Doubly Charged ◽  
Charged Ions

AbstractThe decompositions of doubly-charged ions given by a number of C3 -C8 aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons have been investigated in a double-focusing mass spectrometer. Many processes were found in which high kinetic energy CH3+ and C2H3+ ions are formed. Doubly-charged ions fragment by more than one route and in many cases, high kinetic energy fragment ions are formed in at least two different ways. Metastable transitions common to several compounds were observed, the intensities rising as the degree of unsaturation increased.

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