scholarly journals Characterization of Multidrug Resistant ESBL-ProducingEscherichia coliIsolates from Hospitals in Malaysia

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
King-Ting Lim ◽  
Rohani Yasin ◽  
Chew-Chieng Yeo ◽  
Savithri Puthucheary ◽  
Kwai-Lin Thong
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Management ◽  
Class 1

The emergence ofEscherichia colithat produce extended spectrumβ-lactamases (ESBLs) and are multidrug resistant (MDR) poses antibiotic management problems. Forty-sevenE. coliisolates from various public hospitals in Malaysia were studied. All isolates were sensitive to imipenem whereas 36 were MDR (resistant to 2 or more classes of antibiotics). PCR detection using gene-specific primers showed that 87.5% of the ESBL-producingE. coliharbored theblaTEMgene. Other ESBL-encoding genes detected wereblaOXA,blaSHV, andblaCTX-M. Integron-encoded integrases were detected in 55.3% of isolates, with class 1 integron-encodedintI1integrase being the majority. Amplification and sequence analysis of the5′CS region of the integrons showed known antibiotic resistance-encoding gene cassettes of various sizes that were inserted within the respective integrons. Conjugation and transformation experiments indicated that some of the antibiotic resistance genes were likely plasmid-encoded and transmissible. All 47 isolates were subtyped by PFGE and PCR-based fingerprinting using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), repetitive extragenic palindromes (REPs), and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC). These isolates were very diverse and heterogeneous. PFGE, ERIC, and REP-PCR methods were more discriminative than RAPD in subtyping theE. coliisolates.

scholarly journals Incidence and Characterization of Integrons, Genetic Elements Mediating Multiple-Drug Resistance, in AvianEscherichia coli

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 2925-2929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Bass ◽  
Cynthia A. Liebert ◽  
Margie D. Lee ◽  
Anne O. Summers ◽  
David G. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1

ABSTRACT Antibiotic resistance among avian bacterial isolates is common and is of great concern to the poultry industry. Approximately 36% (n = 100) of avian, pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates obtained from diseased poultry exhibited multiple-antibiotic resistance to tetracycline, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and gentamicin. Clinical avian E. coli isolates were further screened for the presence of markers for class 1 integrons, the integron recombinase intI1 and the quaternary ammonium resistance gene qacEΔ1, in order to determine the contribution of integrons to the observed multiple-antibiotic resistance phenotypes. Sixty-three percent of the clinical isolates were positive for the class 1 integron markersintI1 and qacEΔ1. PCR analysis with the conserved class 1 integron primers yielded amplicons of approximately 1 kb from E. coli isolates positive for intI1 andqacEΔ1. These PCR amplicons contained the spectinomycin-streptomycin resistance gene aadA1. Further characterization of the identified integrons revealed that many were part of the transposon Tn21, a genetic element that encodes both antibiotic resistance and heavy-metal resistance to mercuric compounds. Fifty percent of the clinical isolates positive for the integron marker gene intI1 as well as for theqacEΔ1 and aadA1 cassettes also contained the mercury reductase gene merA. The correlation between the presence of the merA gene with that of the integrase and antibiotic resistance genes suggests that these integrons are located in Tn21. The presence of these elements among avianE. coli isolates of diverse genetic makeup as well as inSalmonella suggests the mobility of Tn21 among pathogens in humans as well as poultry.

scholarly journals Transfer of Class 1 Integron-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance Genes from Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli to a Susceptible E. coli K-12 Strain in Storm Water and Bovine Feces

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (16) ◽  
pp. 5063-5067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supakana Nagachinta ◽  
Jinru Chen
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Bovine Feces

ABSTRACT Transfer of class 1 integron-mediated antibiotic resistance genes has been demonstrated under laboratory conditions. However, there is no information concerning the transfer of these genes in an agricultural environment. The present study sought to determine if integron-mediated streptomycin and sulfisoxazole resistance genes could be transferred from Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains 6-20 (O157:H7) and 7-63 (O111:H8) to the susceptible strain E. coli K-12 MG1655 in bovine feces (pH 5.5, 6.0, or 6.5) and storm water (pH 5, 6, 7, or 8) at 4, 15, and 28°C, which are average seasonal temperatures for winter, spring-fall, and summer, respectively, in the Griffin, GA, area. The results indicated that at 28°C, the integron-mediated antibiotic resistance genes were transferred from both of the STEC donors in bovine feces. Higher conjugation efficiencies were, however, observed in the conjugation experiments involving STEC strain 6-20. In storm water, the resistance genes were transferred only from STEC strain 6-20. Greater numbers of transconjugants were recovered in the conjugation experiments performed with pH 6.5 bovine feces and with pH 7 storm water. Antibiotic susceptibility tests confirmed the transfer of integron-mediated streptomycin resistance and sulfisoxazole resistance, as well as the transfer of non-integron-mediated oxytetracycline resistance and tetracycline resistance in the transconjugant cells. These results suggest that the antibiotic resistance genes in STEC could serve as a source of antibiotic resistance genes disseminated via conjugation to susceptible cells of other E. coli strains in an agricultural environment.

Characterization of antibiotic resistance genes linked to class 1 and 2 integrons in strains of Salmonella spp. isolated from swine

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 569-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty San Martín ◽  
Lisette Lapierre ◽  
Javiera Cornejo ◽  
Sergio Bucarey
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Resistant Strains

The aim of this study was to characterize the antibiotic resistance profiles, the integron-associated resistance determinants, and the potential ability of transferring these determinants by conjugation in Salmonella enterica isolated from swine. Fifty-four strains of Salmonella spp. were isolated from healthy swine. The percentages of resistance, determined by the plate dilution method were as follows: oxytetracycline (41%), streptomycin (39%), sulphamethoxazol+trimethoprim (19%), enrofloxacin–ciprofloxacin (13%), and amoxicillin (0%). The most important resistance serovars were Salmonella Branderburg, Salmonella Derby, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Salmonella Heidelberg. The oxytetracycline-resistant strains amplified the genes tetA (36%), tetB (64%); and the strains resistant to streptomycin and trimethoprim amplified the genes aadA1 (100%) and dfrA1 (100%), respectively. None of the fluoroquinolone-resistant strains amplified the gene qnr. Ten strains amplified the class 1 integron harboring the cassette aadA1. Six strains amplified the class 2 integron harboring the cassettes dfrA1, sat1, and aadA1. The conjugation assays showed that 2 strains transferred the tetA and aadA1 genes and the class 1 integron to a recipient strain. Taken together, the results obtained in this study show a high percentage of resistance in and the presence of integrons in strains of S. enterica isolated from swine. This information should support the implementation of regulations for the prudent use of antimicrobial agents in food-producing animals.

scholarly journals Characterization of Tn7-like transposons and its related antibiotic resistance among Enterobacteriaceae from livestock and poultry in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan He ◽  
Cui Li ◽  
Pengfei Cui ◽  
Hongning Wang
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
New Type

Abstract Background: This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence and structure of Tn7-like in Enterobacteriaceae from livestock and poultry as well as their possible role as reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs).Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing analyses were used for the characterization of Tn7-like, associated integrons and ARGs. The antimicrobial resistance profile of the isolates was examined by using disc diffusion test.Results: Three hundred and seventy-eight Tn7-like-positive strains of Enterobacteriaceae were isolated, and included E. coli (128), Proteus(150), K. pneumonia(17), Salmonella(13), M. morganii (21) and A. baumannii(1), wherein high resistance was observed for Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole and Streptomycin, and fifty percent of the strains were multidrug-resistant. Integrons class 2 were detected in all of the isolates and there are high frequency mutation sites especially in 535, a stop mutation. Variable region of class 2 integrons carried same gene cassettes, namely aadA1-sat2-dfrA1. From the 378 isolated strains, we found a new type of Tn7-like on a plasmid, named Tn6765.Conclusions: These findings proved that the Tn7-like can contribute to the horizontal transmission of antibiotic resistant genes in livestock and poultry. As potential vessels for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), Tn7-like could not be ignored due to their efficient transfer ability in environments.

Molecular Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Proteus mirabilis Isolates from Retail Meat Products

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1408-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHIN-HEE KIM ◽  
CHENG-I WEI ◽  
HAEJUNG AN
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Resistant Phenotype ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Retail Meat

Sixty-four multidrug-resistant isolates of Proteus mirabilis were collected from retail meat products in Oklahoma. The isolates showed four different patterns of antibiotic resistance based on their resistant phenotype and genotypes. Most of these isolates were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, gentamycin, and kanamycin. Class 1 integrons were detected as a common carrier of the antibiotic-resistant genes, such as aadA1, aadB, and aadA2. A few isolates (9%) contained class 2 integrons with three gene cassettes included: dhfr1, sat1, and aadA1. These isolates were even resistant to nalidixic acid due to mutations in gyrA and parC. All ampicillin-resistant isolates contained blaTEM-1. Plasmids that contained class 1 or 2 integrons and blaTEM-1 were able to be transferred from P. mirabilis isolates into Escherichia coli by conjugation, indicating that conjugal transfer could contribute to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes between the Enterobacteriaceae species.

scholarly journals Tracking antibiotic resistance genes and class 1 integrons in Escherichia coli isolates from wastewater and agricultural fields

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Shamsizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Ehrampoush ◽  
Mahnaz Nikaeen ◽  
Mehdi Mokhtari ◽  
Mahsa Rahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract Considering high concentrations of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in wastewater, agricultural reuse of treated wastewater may be a public health threat due to ARGs dissemination in different environmental compartments, including soil and edible parts of crops. We investigated the presence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli as an indicator bacterium from secondary treated wastewater (STWW), water- or wastewater-irrigated soil and crop samples. ARGs including blaCTX-m-32, blaOXA-23, tet-W, sul1, cml-A, erm-B, along with intI1 gene in E. coli isolates were detected via molecular methods. The most prevalent ARGs in 78 E. coli isolates were sul1 (42%), followed by blaCTX-m-32 (19%), and erm-B (17%). IntI1 as a class 1 integrons gene was detected in 46% of the isolates. Cml-A was detected in STWW isolates but no E. coli isolate from wastewater-irrigated soil and crop samples contain this gene. The results also showed no detection of E. coli in water-irrigated soil and crop samples. Statistical analysis showed a correlation between sul1 and cml-A with intI1. The results suggest that agricultural reuse of wastewater may contribute to the transmission of ARB to soil and crop. Further research is needed to determine the potential risk of ARB associated with the consumption of wastewater-irrigated crops.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Presence of Class 1 Integrons Among Different Serotypes of Salmonella spp. Recovered From Children with Diarrhea in Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Hanieh Eshaghi Zadeh ◽  
Hossein Fahimi ◽  
Fatemeh Fardsanei ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
C 30

Background: Salmonellosis is a major food-borne disease worldwide. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among food-borne pathogens such as Salmonella spp. is concerning. Objective: The main objective of this study is to identify class 1 integron genes and to determine antibiotic resistance patterns among Salmonella isolates from children with diarrhea. Methods: A total of 30 Salmonella isolates were recovered from children with diarrhea. The isolates were characterized for antimicrobial susceptibility and screened for the presence of class 1 integron genes (i.e. intI1, sulI1, and qacEΔ1). Results: The most prevalent serotype was Enteritidis 36.7%, followed by Paratyphi C (30%), and Typhimurium (16.7%). The highest rates of antibiotic resistance were obtained for nalidixic acid (53.3%), followed by streptomycin (40%), and tetracycline (36.7%). Regarding class 1 integrons, 36.7%, 26.7%, and 33.3% of the isolates carried intI1, SulI, and qacEΔ1, respectively, most of which (81.8%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Statistical analysis revealed that the presence of class 1 integron was significantly associated with resistance to streptomycin and tetracycline (p = 0.042). However, there was no association between class 1 integron and other antibiotics used in this study (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The high frequency of integron class 1 gene in MDR Salmonella strains indicates that these mobile genetic elements are versatile among different Salmonella serotypes, and associated with reduced susceptibility to many antimicrobials.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Resistance in Multiple-Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains of Human, Animal, and Food Origins

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 3996-4001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Sáenz ◽  
Laura Briñas ◽  
Elena Domínguez ◽  
Joaquim Ruiz ◽  
Myriam Zarazaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Human Animal

ABSTRACT Seventeen multiple-antibiotic-resistant nonpathogenic Escherichia coli strains of human, animal, and food origins showed a wide variety of antibiotic resistance genes, many of them carried by class 1 and class 2 integrons. Amino acid changes in MarR and mutations in marO were identified for 15 and 14 E. coli strains, respectively.

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