scholarly journals A Priori “Imprinting” of General Relativity Itself on Some Tests of It?

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Iorio
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Gravitational Constant ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Astronomical Unit ◽  
Space Curvature ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Delay Tests

We investigate the effect of possible a priori “imprinting” effects of general relativity itself on satellite/spacecraft-based tests of it. We deal with some performed or proposed time-delay ranging experiments in the sun's gravitational field. It turns out that the “imprint” of general relativity on the Astronomical Unit and the solar gravitational constant , not solved for in the so far performed spacecraft-based time-delay tests, induces an a priori bias of the order of in typical solar system ranging experiments aimed to measure the space curvature PPN parameter . It is too small by one order of magnitude to be of concern for the performed Cassini experiment, but it would affect future planned or proposed tests aiming to reach a accuracy in determining .

scholarly journals "IMPRINTING" IN GENERAL RELATIVITY TESTS?

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1945-1948
Author(s):  
LORENZO IORIO
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Gravitational Constant ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Astronomical Unit ◽  
Delay Test ◽  
Space Curvature ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

We investigate possible a priori "imprinting" of general relativity itself on spaceraft-based tests of it. We deal with some performed or proposed time-delay ranging experiments in the Sun's gravitational field. The "imprint" of general relativity on the Astronomical Unit and the solar gravitational constant GM⊙, not solved for in the spacecraft-based time-delay test performed so far, may induce an a priori bias of the order of 10-6 in typical solar system ranging experiments aimed to measuring the space curvature PPN parameter γ. It is too small by one order of magnitude to be of concern for the performed Cassini experiment, but it would affect future planned or proposed tests aiming to reach a 10-7–10-9 accuracy in determining γ.

scholarly journals Gravitational Redshifts and the Mass-Radius Relation

1989 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 401-407
Author(s):  
Gary Wegner
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Solar System ◽  
White Dwarf ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Gravitational Redshift ◽  
Principle Of Equivalence ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Tests Of General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Field Equations

The gravitational redshift is one of Einstein’s three original tests of General Relativity and derives from time’s slowing near a massive body. For velocities well below c, this is represented with sufficient accuracy by:As detailed by Will (1981), Schiff’s conjecture argues that the gravitational redshift actually tests the principle of equivalence rather than the gravitational field equations. For low redshifts, solar system tests give highest accuracy. LoPresto & Pierce (1986) have shown that the redshift at the Sun’s limb is good to about ±3%. Rocket experiments produce an accuracy of ±0.02% (Vessot et al. 1980), while for 40 Eri B the best white dwarf, the observed and predicted VRS agree to only about ±_5% (Wegner 1980).

scholarly journals Gravitational light deflection, time delay and frequency shift in Einstein-Aether theory

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (S261) ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
Kai Tang ◽  
Tian-Yi Huang ◽  
Zheng-Hong Tang
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Frequency Shift ◽  
Light Propagation ◽  
Gravity Theory ◽  
Light Deflection ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Newtonian Approximation ◽  
Gravity Theories

AbstractEinstein-Aether gravity theory has been proven successful in passing experiments of different scales. Especially its Eddington parameters β and γ have the same numerical values as those in general relativity. Recently Xie and Huang (2008) have advanced this theory to a second post-Newtonian approximation for an N-body model and obtained an explicit metric when the bodies are point-like masses. This research considers light propagation in the above gravitational field, and explores the light deflection, time delay, frequency shift etc. The results will provide for future experiments in testing gravity theories.

Solar system tests in Rastall gravity

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (07) ◽  
pp. 2050034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuhina Manna ◽  
Farook Rahaman ◽  
Monimala Mondal
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Astrophysical Object ◽  
Tests Of General Relativity ◽  
Deflection Of Light

In this paper, we have investigated the classical tests of General Relativity like precession of perihelion, deflection of light and time delay by considering a phenomenological astrophysical object like Sun, as a neutral regular Hayward black hole in Rastall gravity. We have tabulated all our results for some appropriate values of the parameter [Formula: see text]. We have compared our values with [Formula: see text], which corresponds to the Schwarzschild case. Also the value of [Formula: see text] is of particular interest as it gives some promising results.

scholarly journals Astrometric Solar-System Anomalies and Evolutionary Physical Constants

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra P. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Gravitational Constant ◽  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Secular Change ◽  
Distance Modulus ◽  
Astronomical Unit ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Orbit Eccentricity ◽  
Secular Increase

We have shown that three astrometric solar-system anomalies can be explained satisfactorily by using evolutionary gravitational constant G and speed of light c in the Einstein’s field equation. These are: a) the Pioneer acceleration anomaly; b) the anomalous secular increase of Moon-orbit eccentricity; and c) the anomalous secular change in the astronomical unit AU. The gravitational constant G and the speed of light c both increase as dG/dt = 5.4GH0 and dc/dt = 1.8cH0 with H0 as the Hubble constant. We also show that the Planck’s constant ħ increases as dħ/dt = 1.8ħH0.  Additionally, the new approach fits the supernovae Ia redshift vs distance modulus data as well as the standard ΛCDM model with just one adjustable parameter H0.

Geodesics in the Solar System

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Steven Carlip
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Geodesic Equation ◽  
Red Shift ◽  
Schwarzschild Metric ◽  
Spacetime Geometry ◽  
Tests Of General Relativity ◽  
System P ◽  
Bending Of Light

Given the spacetime geometry of the Solar System, the geodesic equation can be used to derive the motion of massive objects and light. In this chapter, starting with the Schwarzschild metric, the four “classical tests” of general relativity are derived: the precession of perihelia, the bending of light, the time delay of light, and the gravitational red shift. As a generalization, the parametrized post-Newtonian formalism is briefly discussed.

Solar System Tests in Einstein- Æther gravity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuhina Manna ◽  
Bidisha Samanta ◽  
Amna Ali ◽  
Farook Rahaman
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Spherically Symmetric ◽  
Tests Of General Relativity ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
Vast Range ◽  
Black Hole Solutions

In the current paper we analyze the three classical tests of general relativity, viz. the precession of perihelion, deflection of light and time delay in Einstein Æther gravity. Einstein Æther gravity has two static, spherically symmetric, charged solutions of black hole solutions corresponding to different constraints on its coupling constants c<sub>14</sub>, and c<sub>123</sub>. We investigate the aforementioned tests for both these solutions, graphically and analytically. We also tabulate our results and discuss the outcome which is promising. We evaluate the results, when the coupling constants are varied over a vast range of values, both within the constraints set by the recent observational data, and also beyond, for a comparative study.

scholarly journals Do solar system experiments constrain scalar–tensor gravity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Faraoni ◽  
Jeremy Côté ◽  
Andrea Giusti
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Light Deflection ◽  
Higher Order Terms ◽  
The One ◽  
Weak Gravity

Abstract It is now established that, contrary to common belief, (electro-)vacuum Brans–Dicke gravity does not reduce to general relativity (GR) for large values of the Brans–Dicke coupling $$\omega $$ω. Since the essence of experimental tests of scalar–tensor gravity consists of providing lower bounds on $$\omega $$ω, in light of the misguided assumption of the equivalence between the limit $$\omega \rightarrow \infty $$ω→∞ and the GR limit of Brans–Dicke gravity, the parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism on which these tests are based could be in jeopardy. We show that, in the linearized approximation used by the PPN formalism, the anomaly in the limit to general relativity disappears. However, it survives to second (and higher) order and in strong gravity. In other words, while the weak gravity regime cannot tell apart GR and $$\omega \rightarrow \infty $$ω→∞ Brans–Dicke gravity, when higher order terms in the PPN analysis of Brans–Dicke gravity are included, the latter never reduces to the one of GR in this limit. This fact is relevant for experiments aiming to test second order light deflection and Shapiro time delay.

The post-Newtonian approximation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Deruelle ◽  
Jean-Philippe Uzan
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Body Problem ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Two Body Problem ◽  
Newtonian Approximation ◽  
Actual Motion ◽  
Law Of Attraction ◽  
Universal Law ◽  
Two Bodies

This chapter embarks on a study of the two-body problem in general relativity. In other words, it seeks to describe the motion of two compact, self-gravitating bodies which are far-separated and moving slowly. It limits the discussion to corrections proportional to v2 ~ m/R, the so-called post-Newtonian or 1PN corrections to Newton’s universal law of attraction. The chapter first examines the gravitational field, that is, the metric, created by the two bodies. It then derives the equations of motion, and finally the actual motion, that is, the post-Keplerian trajectories, which generalize the post-Keplerian geodesics obtained earlier in the chapter.

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