055 Novel sleep-dependent spatial memory and navigation task using Minecraft

Introduction Spatial navigation and memory are hippocampally-dependent and decrease with age, yet, ecologically-valid methods remain elusive. We developed an engaging and inherently flexible spatial navigation/memory task using the Minecraft platform to test sleep-dependent memory. We validated baseline performance and learning rates across two separate Minecraft environments. Methods Using a within-subjects design, twenty-two subjects experienced two conditions (wake/sleep) and two Minecraft environments, counterbalanced across subjects. At encoding, subjects learned the locations of 12 objects. Memory for object location accuracy and navigation route (distance between start and target; vector: angle of direction towards target location from start) was tested immediately and following 12-hours of wake or sleep. Post-hoc analyses were conducted using a median split on subjects’ Immediate test performance. Results There were no significant differences across conditions for the Immediate test performance (t(22) = .567, p = .576) across the two environments. Delayed test showed greater improvement in accuracy after sleep compared to wake (t(18) = 2.795, p=.012), no differences in distance or vector. Median split by Immediate test performance revealed that initially lower performance showed the greatest improvement after delay in the sleep group (t(18) = 2.818, p =.011), but not the wake group (t(18) = -1.051, p =.308). Additionally, these same subjects’ vector direction was initially worse at Immediate Test (t(18) = -2.9, p = .01), and improved with sleep, becoming equivalent to the better performers at Delay test (t(18) = -.336, p = .74). Conclusion We demonstrate a novel spatial navigation/memory tasks using Minecraft that shows sleep-dependent learning across two distinct environments. We showed enhancement of spatial location accuracy after a night of sleep compared to wake. We further demonstrate that with sleep, those with worse initial performance show the greatest memory and navigation improvement, consistent with other findings that sleep supports enhancement of weaker memories and extended to the spatial-domain. This novel platform can be used to evaluate spatial memory across the lifespan and within special clinical populations. Support (if any) NIH R01 AG061355

Automatic Nourishing and Watering System Detector for Mint Cultivation

Mint plants provide many benefits in everyday life ranging from enhancing aroma and taste in food and beverages, medicine, perfume, cosmetics until as antibacterial, anti-virus and fungal drugs. Mint is an herbal plant that comes from subtropical areas. When it is planted in tropical areas, mint will grow to creep and will not flowering, so it is cultivated in tropical areas such as in Indonesia by using vegetative methods, namely stem cuttings. This raises problems including shoot growth that takes a long time, regular maintenance, and the need for additional nutrients to support the growth of stems and leaf buds. This study aimed to design and build an automatic integrated care control system for mint cultivation. The integrated system that was built includes the provision of nutrition for young coconut water at a dose of 10 milliliters which is flowed on the surface of the mint plant stem cuttings with the frequency of nutrition twice in a day at 8 AM and 4 PM. The second system that was built was automatic watering carried out on 350 milliliters of mint soil media every morning and evening at 7 AM and 5 PM. After testing, the results showed that the detector could work well in reading the activation time of the nutrient pump and sprinkler pump. There were time differences of 4 milliseconds in the delivery of nutrition testing, while in the delay test for watering the planting medium there was a time difference of 70 milliseconds from the time set on the RTC. Overall, the tools that have been made are adequate to assist farmers in cultivating the mint plant, starting from the process of watering the stem cuttings to providing nutrients to accelerate and increase the growth of leaf buds.

Metode Drive Test sebagai Monitoring Unjuk Kerja Jaringan Nirkabel pada Gedung - Gedung di Lingkungan Universitas Papua

<p>Universitas Papua telah memberikan layanan internet yang di bagikan pada setiap gedung fakultas dengan Wi-Fi sebagai media berbagi, dalam penelitian ini kegiatan yang dilakukan yaitu mengamati dan menganalisis kualitas jaringan Wi-Fi yang telah tersedia. Dalam penelitian ini cara melakukan pengukuran kualitas jaringan nirkabel ini menggunakan metode Drive Test, dimana metode ini mengukur secara manual dan menghimpun data secara waktu nyata menggunakan beberapa parameter antara lain <em>Bandwidth, Delay</em> dan <em>Packet Loss</em>. Dalam penelitian ini pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan dua aplikasi jaringan yaitu Nagios XI dan Wireshark. Untuk melihat kualitas jaringan dari hasil percobaan yang dilakukan maka digunakan standar TIPHON. Hasil perolehan pengukuran yang di dapat adalah kualitas pemakaian <em>Bandwidth</em> sudah baik, karena tidak melebihi kapasitas yang telah di alokasikan pada setiap gedung di Universitas Papua dan dapat dilihat dari nilai rata-rata <em>Delay </em>dan <em>Packet Loss</em> pada setiap gedung. Hasil pengujian kualitas layanan jaringan Wi-Fi menunjukkan indeks nilai pada standar TIPHON adalah 4, yang artinya sangat bagus. Karena pengujian <em>Delay</em> nilai tertinggi yang di peroleh bila di ukur dengan Nagios XI adalah 76 ms dan terendah adalah 21,8 ms, untuk pengukuran menggunakan Wireshark nilai tertinggi adalah 72,4 ms dan terendah adalah 10 ms. Untuk <em>Packet Loss </em>hasil yang diperoleh yaitu 0%<em> </em>bila di ukur dengan Nagios XI dan Wireshark.</p><p class="Judul2"><em><br /></em></p><p class="Judul2"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>Universitas Papua has provided internet services that are shared in every faculty building with Wi-Fi as a sharing medium, in this research the activities carried out were observing and analyzing the quality of available Wi-Fi networks. In this research, how to measure the quality of this wireless network using the Drive Test method, where this method measures manually and collects data in real-time using several parameters including Bandwidth, Delay and Packet Loss. In this research, data collection using two network applications, namely Nagios XI and Wireshark. To looks at the quality of the network from the results of experiments conducted, the TIPHON standard is used. The results obtained are that the quality of using Bandwidth is good because it does not exceed the capacity that has been allocated for each building at Universitas Papua and can be seen from the average value of Delay and Packet Loss in each construction. The results of testing the quality of Wi-Fi network services indicate that the index value on the TIPHON standard is 4, which means it is excellent. Because of the Delay test, the highest value obtained when measured by Nagios XI is 76 ms, and the lowest is 21.8 ms, for measurements using Wireshark, the highest value is 72.4 ms, and the lowest is 10 ms. For Packet Loss, the results obtained are 0% when measured by Nagios XI and Wireshark.</em><em></em></p><p class="Judul2"><em><br /></em><em></em></p>

Perbandingan Metode Antrian Paket HTB dan EDCA Untuk Layanan Multimedia Pada WLAN IEEE 802.11n

The development of wireless technology continues to improve quality and increase the speed of data transfer into one important factor that is considered. Each year, wireless technology users continue to increase and communication service needs also experience tremendous traffic surge. The impact of high traffic intensity of data sent can lead to increased data queue and transient transmission network. The problem of network crunch resulting from a high amount of queue data may affect service performance. To get the solution, in this study was tested using Hierarchy Token Bucket (HTB) and Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) on 802.11n wireless network. Queuing tests are performed on four types of traffic: voice, video, best effort (BE) and background (BG). Assessment of QoS of HTB and EDCA is based on throughput and delay parameters. The results obtained from throughput testing of the mean value of each data packet, the results show that the EDCA method is better than HTB method. The best throughput results are given on Best Effort(BE) traffic. While on the delay test by using HTB and EDCA method, obtained the average of EDCA delay smaller in multimedia data packet for Video and Voice. In conclusion, the results show that the EDCA method is better than HTB.

Medial prefrontal cortex has a causal role in selectively enhanced consolidation of emotional memories after a 24-hour delay: An iTBS study

Previous research points to an association between retrieval-related activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and preservation of emotional information compared to co-occurring neutral information following sleep. Although the role of the mPFC in emotional memory likely begins at encoding, little research has examined how mPFC activity during encoding interacts with consolidation processes to enhance emotional memory. This issue was addressed in the present study using transcranial magnetic stimulation in conjunction with an emotional memory paradigm. Healthy males and females encoded negative and neutral scenes while undergoing concurrent TMS with an intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) protocol. Participants received stimulation to either the mPFC or an active control site (motor cortex) during the encoding phase. Recognition memory for scene components (objects and backgrounds) was assessed after a short (30 minutes) and a long delay (24-hours including a night of sleep) to obtain measures of specific and gist-based memory processes. The results demonstrated that, relative to control stimulation, iTBS to the mPFC enhanced gist, but not specific, memory for negative objects on the long delay test. mPFC stimulation had no discernable effect on gist memory for objects on the short delay test nor on the background images at either test. These results suggest that mPFC activity occurring during encoding interacts with consolidation processes to selectively preserve the gist of negatively salient information.Significance StatementUnderstanding how emotional information is remembered over long delays is critical to understanding memory in the real world. The present study uses transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to investigate the interplay between mPFC activity that occurs during memory encoding and its subsequent interactions with post-encoding consolidation processes. Excitatory TMS delivered to the mPFC during encoding enhanced gist-based memory for negatively valenced pictures on a test following a 24-hr delay, with no such effect on a test occurring shortly after the encoding phase. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that emotional aspects of memories are differentially subjected to consolidation processes, and that the mPFC might contribute to this “tag-and-capture” mechanism during the initial formation of such memories.

Deteksi Radar Pasif menggunakan GNU Radio dan SDR pada Frekuensi Televisi

ABSTRAKRadar pasif adalah salah satu jenis sistem radar bistatic dimana transmitter dan receiver berada di tempat berbeda. Sistem radar pasif dapat memaanfaatkan frekuensi siaran televisi yang tersedia sebagai sumber transmitter. Pada penelitian ini, radar pasif dibuat dengan Sofware Defined Radio (SDR) sebagai sistem komunikasi yang dapat mengkofigurasi penerima televisi digital sdr-dongle RTL2832U yang dimodifikasi dan perangkat lunak GNU Radio. Hasil pengujian delay pada gelombang 1,2,3 untuk objek manusia adalah 0,192, 0,36 dan 0,53 detik, untuk objek sepeda adalah 0,332, 0,5 dan 0,67, untuk objek motor adalah 0,422, 0,69 dan 0,86 detik, untuk objek mobil adalah 0,538, 0,7 dan 0,87 detik sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem radar pasif yang dirancang dapat mendeteksi benda bergerak dimana pegerakan target menyebabkan pergeseran puncak Cross-Correlation.Kata kunci: Radar Pasif, Cross-Correlation, SDR, Frekuensi Televisi, RTL2832U ABSTRACTPassive radar is a type of bistatic radar system where the transmitter and receiver are in different places. Passive radar systems can utilize the available television broadcast frequencies as transmitter sources. In this study, passive radar is made with Software Defined Radio (SDR) as a communication system that can configure a modified RTL2832U sdr-dongle digital television receiver and GNU Radio software. The delay test results on waves 1,2,3 for human objects are 0.192, 0.36 and 0.53 seconds, for bicycle objects are 0.332, 0.5 and 0.67, for motor objects are 0.422, 0.69 and 0.86 seconds, for car objects are 0.538, 0.7 and 0.87 seconds so it can be concluded that the passive radar system is designed to detect moving objects where moving targets causes a shift in the peak of Cross-Correlation.Keywords: Passive Radar, Cross-Correlation, SDR, Television Frequency, RTL2832U