scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Mobile Ad Hoc Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communication Networks with Directional Antennas

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel Ilah Alshbatat ◽  
Liang Dong
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Medium Access Control Protocol ◽  
Directional Antennas ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
End To End

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have the potential of creating an ad hoc communication network in the air. Most UAVs used in communication networks are equipped with wireless transceivers using omnidirectional antennas. In this paper, we consider a collection of UAVs that communicate through wireless links as a mobile ad-hoc network using directional antennas. The network design goal is to maximize the throughput and minimize the end-to-end delay. In this respect, we propose a new medium access control protocol for a network of UAVs with directional antennas. We analyze the communication channel between the UAVs and the effect of aircraft attitude on the network performance. Using the optimized network engineering tool (OPNET), we compare our protocol with the IEEE 802.11 protocol for omnidirectional antennas. The simulation results show performance improvement in end-to-end delay as well as throughput.

scholarly journals Pencarian Rute yang Handal Berbasis Energi Menggunakan Algoritma EA-SHORT pada Protokol Routing ZRP di Jaringan MANET

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Mila Rosiana ◽  
Andy Hidayat Jatmika ◽  
Ariyan Zubaidi
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Zone Routing Protocol ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
End To End

Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) adalah jaringan wireless dari kumpulan node yang tidak memiliki router tetap. Setiap node dalam jaringan bertindak sebagai router yang bertanggung jawab untuk menemukan dan menangani rute antar node. Dalam penelitian ini, konsep energy aware menggunakan algoritma EA-SHORT diterapkan pada kerangka kerja Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP). EA-SHORT mencoba mendistribusikan beban jaringan ke semua node yang ada dengan memanfaatkan variasi jumlah energi dengan memilih node yang memiliki cukup energi yang dapat berpartisipasi dalam rute dan menghindari node yang memiliki energi rendah. Kinerja ZRP akan dibandingkan dengan EA-SHORT ZRP yang telah dimodifikasi dengan EA-SHORT yang diukur dari nilai parameter yang ditentukan. Dari simulasi, hasilnya menunjukkan, pada node 50, throughput meningkat sebesar 12,374%. Untuk 100 node, peningkatan sebesar 44.597%. Pada rata-rata average end to end delay , dengan 50 node, nilai EA-SHORT ZRP menurun sebesar 20.063%, 100 node EA-SHORT ZRP menurun sebesar 8.375%. Hasil PDR pada EA-SHORT ZRP dengan 50 node meningkat 0,545%, dan untuk EA-SHORT ZRP 100 node meningkat sebesar 21,301%

A Beaconless Minimum Interference Based Routing Protocol to Minimize End-to-End Delay per Packet for Mobile Ad hoc Networks

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natarajan Meghanathan ◽  
Meena Sugumar
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Data Packet ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
End To End ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Minimum Interference

The authors propose a beaconless, on-demand, mobile ad hoc network routing protocol called minimum interference based routing protocol (MIF) that minimizes the end-to-end delay per data packet. During route discovery, each node inserts its identification and location information before broadcasting the Route-Request (RREQ) message in its neighborhood. The weight of a link, called the interference index, is the number of interfering links surrounding it. Two links are said to interfere with each other, if the distance between the mid points of the two links is within the interference range. The interference index of a path is the sum of the interference index values of the constituent links. The destination selects the path with the minimum interference index value and notifies the source through the Route-Reply packet. Simulation results demonstrate that MIF incurs a significant reduction in the end-to-end delay per data packet vis-à-vis the interference-aware load balancing routing protocol.

A Beaconless Minimum Interference Based Routing Protocol to Minimize End-to-End Delay per Packet for Mobile Ad hoc Networks

2012 ◽  
pp. 11-26
Author(s):  
Natarajan Meghanathan ◽  
Meena Sugumar
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Data Packet ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
End To End ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Minimum Interference

The authors propose a beaconless, on-demand, mobile ad hoc network routing protocol called minimum interference based routing protocol (MIF) that minimizes the end-to-end delay per data packet. During route discovery, each node inserts its identification and location information before broadcasting the Route-Request (RREQ) message in its neighborhood. The weight of a link, called the interference index, is the number of interfering links surrounding it. Two links are said to interfere with each other, if the distance between the mid points of the two links is within the interference range. The interference index of a path is the sum of the interference index values of the constituent links. The destination selects the path with the minimum interference index value and notifies the source through the Route-Reply packet. Simulation results demonstrate that MIF incurs a significant reduction in the end-to-end delay per data packet vis-à-vis the interference-aware load balancing routing protocol.

Securing Energy Routing Protocol against Black Hole Attacks in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra Prasad P ◽  
Shiva Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Route Discovery ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
End To End

Introduction: The aim of the securing energy routing protocol, is to provide the countermeasures to the attacks par-ticularly to the black hole in mobile ad-hoc network, and enhancing the network performance metric throughput al-so reducing the end-to-end delay between the nodes in the network.To build the protocol that enhances the perfor-mance of the network by modifying the existing DSR protocol by introducing new route discovery mechanism in the proposed protocol. Method: The proposed protocol implementation has two phases, route request/reply phase and route confirm phas-es. During the route discovery process, the route discovery from the source to destination process are described by sending the RREQ packet from the source hub as shown in Fig. 1(a), when it does not have one accessible and crav-ings a route to a destination. The source node transmits the RREQ to its associate nodes and the destination node re-ply with RREP. When the source receives reply message, the source node respond with reverse path with a confirm RCON message and providing security to the nodes in the network. Results: To verify the performance of the proposed protocol against the existing DSR protocol are compared with respect to various network metrics like end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio and validated the result by com-paring both routing algorithm using Network Simulator 2. Conclusion: The results of the proposed SERP strongly safeguard against the attacks in the network and the packet delivery ratio is increased compared with the DSR also the end-to-end delay is reduced in the proposed protocol. Discussion: Mobile ad-hoc networks are being dynamic in nature, it associates with issues relating to secure routing, energy and are generally vulnerable to several types of attacks. The DSR is one of the widely used reactive proto-cols available for the mobile ad-hoc network and the proposed work enhancing the security of the network in the existing pro

Realization of Route Reconstructing Scheme for Mobile Ad hoc Network

2011 ◽  
pp. 62-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Danyang ◽  
Ma Lin ◽  
Sha Xuejun ◽  
Xu Yubin
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Route Maintenance ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Communication Links ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
End To End ◽  
The Stability

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a centerless packet radio network without fixed infrastructure. In recent years tremendous attentions have been received because of capabilities of self-configuration and self-maintenance. However, attenuation and interference caused by node mobility and wireless channels sharing weaken the stability of communication links especially in ubiquitous MANET. A mathematical exploring model for next-hop node has been established. The negative impact of wireless routes discontinuity on pervasive communication is alleviated by a novel route reconstructed scheme proposed in this paper based on restricting the route requirement zone into a pie slice region on intermediate nodes according the solution of the exploring equation. The scheme is an effective approach to increase survivability and reduce average end-to-end delay during route maintenance as well as allowing continuous packet forwarding for fault resilience so as to support mobile multimedia communication. The ns-2 based simulation results show remarkable packets successful delivery rate and end-to-end delay improvements of source-initiated routing protocol with route reconstructing scheme, and especially in the case of high dynamic environments with heavy traffic loads, more robust and scalable performance will be obtained.

scholarly journals AODV-MSA: A Security Routing Protocol on Mobile Ad Hoc Network

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
Le Quang Minh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Network Attacks ◽  
Network Attack ◽  
Asymmetric Encryption ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Security Routing Protocol

Network security is an important problem, which attracts more attention because recent network attacks caused huge consequences such as data lose, reduce network performance and increase routing load. In this article, we show network attack forms in MANET and propose Multiple Signature Authenticate (MSA) mechanism using digital signature based on asymmetric encryption RSA. Moreover, we describe a new security routing protocol named AODV-MSA by integrating MSA into AODV. Using NS2 simulator system, we implement and examine the efficiency of the AODV-MSA protocol with the 32-bit keys.

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