scholarly journals Novel Polyoxyethylene-Containing Glycolipids Are Synthesized inCorynebacterium matruchotiiandMycobacterium smegmatisCultured in the Presence of Tween 80

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Wang ◽  
Engy A. Mahrous ◽  
Richard E. Lee ◽  
Martha M. Vestling ◽  
Kuni Takayama
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Mycobacterium Smegmatis ◽  
Furan Ring ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Maldi Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cell Permeability ◽  
Sorbitan Monooleate ◽  
Wall Permeability ◽  
Cell Wall Permeability

The addition of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) to a culture of mycobacteria greatly influences cell permeability and sensitivity to antibiotics but very little is known regarding the underlying mechanism. Here we show thatCorynebacterium matruchotii(surrogate of mycobacteria) converts Tween 80 to a structural series of polyoxyethylenic acids which are then used to form novel series-2A and series-2B glycolipids. Minor series-3 glycolipids were also synthesized. The polyoxyethylenic acids replaced corynomycolic acids in the cell wall. Correspondingly the trehalose dicorynomycolate content was reduced. MALDI mass spectrometry, MS-MS,1H-NMR, and13C-NMR were used to characterize the series-2 glycolipids. Series-2A glycolipid is trehalose 6-C36:2-corynomycolate-6′-polyoxyethylenate and series-2B glycolipid is trehalose 6-C36:2-corynomycolate-6′-furan ring-containing polyoxyethylenate.Mycobacterium smegmatisgrown in the presence of Tween 80 also synthesizes series-2 type glycolipids. The synthesis of these novel glycolipids in corynebacteria and mycobacteria should result in gross changes in the cell wall permeability and drug sensitivity.

Mycobacterium smegmatis msmeg_3314 is involved in pyrazinamide and fluoroquinolones susceptibility via NAD+/NADH dysregulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 413-426
Author(s):  
Junqi Xu ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Xi Mou ◽  
Yu Huang ◽  
Shuang Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Mycobacterium Smegmatis ◽  
Proton Motive Force ◽  
Glyoxylate Shunt ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Wall Permeability ◽  
Cell Wall Permeability

Aim: To identify and characterize new mycobacterium pyrazinamide (PZA) resistance genes in addition to pncA, rpsA and panD. Materials & methods: To screen a Tn7 M. smegmatis mc2155 transposon library using 50 μM PZA and a PZA hypersensitive mutant (M492) was obtained. MIC was further used to confirm the hypersensitivity of M492 mutant by culturing the mutant in Middlebrook 7H9 liquid medium at 37°C. Results: msmeg_3314 is the gene underlying the hypersensitive phenotype of mutant M492. The observed resistance to PZA and fluoroquinolones involved the alteration of Mycobacterium cell wall permeability and the dissipation of the proton motive force. NAD+/NADH dysregulation and attenuated glyoxylate shunt might underlie the declined scavenging capacity of reactive oxygen species in the msmeg_3314-deficient mutants. Conclusion: msmeg_ 3314 is a novel gene involved in pyrazinamide resistance and might be a new candidate for drugs target.

Cell Wall Permeability of Pinto Bean Cotyledon Cells Regulates In Vitro Fecal Fermentation and Gut Microbiota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanrong Huang ◽  
Sushil Dhital ◽  
Feitong Liu ◽  
Xiong Fu ◽  
Qiang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Colonic Fermentation ◽  
Pinto Bean ◽  
Wall Permeability ◽  
Cell Wall Permeability ◽  
Cotyledon Cells ◽  
Whole Foods

Processing induced structural changes of whole foods on regulation of colonic fermentation rate and microbiota composition are least understood and often overlooked. In the present study, intact cotyledon cells from...

scholarly journals Carbon Source-Induced Modifications in the Mycolic Acid Content and Cell Wall Permeability of Rhodococcus erythropolis E1

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 7019-7027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Sokolovská ◽  
Raoul Rozenberg ◽  
Christophe Riez ◽  
Paul G. Rouxhet ◽  
Spiros N. Agathos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Rhodococcus Erythropolis ◽  
Mycolic Acid ◽  
Mycolic Acids ◽  
Carbon Chains ◽  
Linear Alkanes ◽  
Wall Permeability ◽  
Cell Wall Permeability

ABSTRACT The influence of the carbon source on cell wall properties was analyzed in an efficient alkane-degrading strain of Rhodococcus erythropolis (strain E1), with particular focus on the mycolic acid content. A clear correlation was observed between the carbon source and the mycolic acid profiles as estimated by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Two types of mycolic acid patterns were observed after growth either on saturated linear alkanes or on short-chain alkanoates. One type of pattern was characterized by the lack of odd-numbered carbon chains and resulted from growth on linear alkanes with even numbers of carbon atoms. The second type of pattern was characterized by mycolic acids with both even- and odd-numbered carbon chains and resulted from growth on compounds with odd-numbered carbon chains, on branched alkanes, or on mixtures of different compounds. Cellular short-chain fatty acids were twice as abundant during growth on a branched alkane (pristane) as during growth on acetate, while equal amounts of mycolic acids were found under both conditions. More hydrocarbon-like compounds and less polysaccharide were exposed at the cell wall surface during growth on alkanes. Whatever the substrate, the cells had the same affinity for aqueous-nonaqueous solvent interfaces. By contrast, bacteria displayed completely opposite susceptibilities to hydrophilic and hydrophobic antibiotics and were found to be strongly stained by hydrophobic dyes after growth on pristane but not after growth on acetate. Taken together, these data show that the cell wall composition of R. erythropolis E1 is influenced by the nutritional regimen and that the most marked effect is a radical change in cell wall permeability.

scholarly journals A Tetrameric Porin Limits the Cell Wall Permeability ofMycobacterium smegmatis

2002 ◽  
Vol 277 (40) ◽  
pp. 37567-37572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Engelhardt ◽  
Christian Heinz ◽  
Michael Niederweis
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Wall Permeability ◽  
Cell Wall Permeability

scholarly journals The Activity of Cell-Wall Modifying β-1,3-Glucanases in Soybean Grown in Presence of Heavy Metals

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
Monika Bardáčová ◽  
Marína Maglovski ◽  
Zuzana Gregorová ◽  
Yevheniia Konotop ◽  
Miroslav Horník ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Sequestration ◽  
Enzyme Isoforms ◽  
Wall Permeability ◽  
Cell Wall Permeability

AbstractCell walls represent the first barrier that can prevent the entrance of toxic heavy metals into plants. The composition and the flexibility of the cell wall are regulated by different enzymes. The ß-1,3-glucanases control the degradation of the polysaccharide callose as a flexible regulation mechanism of cell wall permeability and/or its ability to bind metals under stress conditions. The profile and activity of ß-1,3-glucanases in the presence of heavy metals, however, has rarely been studied. Here we studied these enzymes in four soybean varieties (Glycine max) grown in the presence of cadmium ions. These analyses revealed three acidic and one basic enzyme isoforms in each soybean variety, but only two of the acidic isoforms in the variety Moravians were substantially responsive to the presence of Cd2+. Since the responses of certain glucanases were detected mainly in the varieties sensitive to metal and accumulating high amounts of metals, we assume their role in the defense rather than strategic metal sequestration.

scholarly journals 3D-QSAR and Cell Wall Permeability of Antitubercular Nitroimidazoles against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Molecules ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 13870-13885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Ho Lee ◽  
Minsung Choi ◽  
Pilho Kim ◽  
Pyung Myung
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
3D Qsar ◽  
Wall Permeability ◽  
Cell Wall Permeability
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