Continuous Production of Lipase-Catalyzed Biodiesel in a Packed-Bed Reactor: Optimization and Enzyme Reuse Study

An optimal continuous production of biodiesel by methanolysis of soybean oil in a packed-bed reactor was developed using immobilized lipase (Novozym 435) as a catalyst in atert-butanol solvent system. Response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design were employed to evaluate the effects of reaction temperature, flow rate, and substrate molar ratio on the molar conversion of biodiesel. The results showed that flow rate and temperature have significant effects on the percentage of molar conversion. On the basis of ridge max analysis, the optimum conditions were as follows: flow rate 0.1 mL/min, temperature52.1∘C, and substrate molar ratio 1 : 4. The predicted and experimental values of molar conversion were83.31±2.07% and82.81±.98%, respectively. Furthermore, the continuous process over 30 days showed no appreciable decrease in the molar conversion. The paper demonstrates the applicability of using immobilized lipase and a packed-bed reactor for continuous biodiesel synthesis.

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Continuous production of acyl mannoses by immobilized lipase using a packed-bed reactor and their surfactant properties

Biochemical Engineering Journal ◽

10.1016/s1369-703x(01)00099-7 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 213-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Yoshiyuki Watanabe ◽

Yoshimasa Miyawaki ◽

Shuji Adachi ◽

Kazuhiro Nakanishi ◽

Ryuichi Matsuno

Keyword(s):

Immobilized Lipase ◽

Continuous Production ◽

Packed Bed ◽

Packed Bed Reactor ◽

Surfactant Properties

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Continuous Production of 2-Phenylethyl Acetate in a Solvent-Free System Using a Packed-Bed Reactor with Novozym® 435

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal10060714 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 714 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shang-Ming Huang ◽

Hsin-Yi Huang ◽

Yu-Min Chen ◽

Chia-Hung Kuo ◽

Chwen-Jen Shieh

Keyword(s):

Chemical Synthesis ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Packed Bed ◽

Solvent Free ◽

Packed Bed Reactor ◽

Packed Bed Bioreactor ◽

Free System ◽

Phenethyl Alcohol ◽

Solvent Free System ◽

Molar Conversion

2-Phenylethyl acetate (2-PEAc), a highly valued natural volatile ester, with a rose-like odor, is widely added in cosmetics, soaps, foods, and drinks to strengthen scent or flavour. Nowadays, 2-PEAc are commonly produced by chemical synthesis or extraction. Alternatively, biocatalysis is a potential method to replace chemical synthesis or extraction for the production of natural flavour. Continuous synthesis of 2-PEAc in a solvent-free system using a packed bed bioreactor through immobilized lipase-catalyzed transesterification of ethyl acetate (EA) with 2-phenethyl alcohol was studied. A Box–Behnken experimental design with three-level-three-factor, including 2-phenethyl alcohol (2-PE) concentration (100–500 mM), flow rate (1–5 mL min−1) and reaction temperature (45–65 °C), was selected to investigate their influence on the molar conversion of 2-PEAc. Then, response surface methodology and ridge max analysis were used to discuss in detail the optimal reaction conditions for the synthesis of 2-PEAc. The results indicated both 2-PE concentration and flow rate are significant factors in the molar conversion of 2-PEAc. Based on the ridge max analysis, the maximum molar conversion was 99.01 ± 0.09% under optimal conditions at a 2-PE concentration of 62.07 mM, a flow rate of 2.75 mL min−1, and a temperature of 54.03 °C, respectively. The continuous packed bed bioreactor showed good stability for 2-PEAc production, enabling operation for at least 72 h without a significant decrease of conversion.

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Continuous production of acyl l-ascorbates using a packed-bed reactor with immobilized lipase

Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society ◽

10.1007/s11746-003-0791-0 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 80 (9) ◽

pp. 895-899 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Ko Kuwabara ◽

Yoshiyuki Watanabe ◽

Shuji Adachi ◽

Kazuhiro Nakanishi ◽

Ryuichi Matsuno

Keyword(s):

Immobilized Lipase ◽

Continuous Production ◽

Packed Bed ◽

Packed Bed Reactor

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Continuous production of monoacylglycerols from palm olein in packed-bed reactor with immobilized lipase PS

Biochemical Engineering Journal ◽

10.1016/j.bej.2007.11.023 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 116-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Aran H-Kittikun ◽

Wiphum Kaewthong ◽

Benjamas Cheirsilp

Keyword(s):

Palm Olein ◽

Immobilized Lipase ◽

Continuous Production ◽

Packed Bed ◽

Packed Bed Reactor

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Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for Biodiesel Synthesis Catalyzed by Radiation-Induced Kenaf Catalyst in Packed-Bed Reactor

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8101289 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1289

Author(s):

Nur Haryani Zabaruddin ◽

Luqman Chuah Abdullah ◽

Nor Hasimah Mohamed ◽

Thomas Shean Yaw Choong

Keyword(s):

Anion Exchange ◽

Acid Ethyl Ester ◽

Volumetric Flow Rate ◽

Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester ◽

Packed Bed ◽

Packed Bed Reactor ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Bed Height ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

Molar Conversion

In this study, continuous transesterification of refined palm oil by using radiation-induced kenaf denoted as anion exchange kenaf catalyst in a packed-bed reactor was developed. The application of full factorial design and response surface methodology (RSM) based on the central composite design (CCD) was used to design the process and analyzed the effect of reactor operating variables such as packed bed height, the molar ratio of oil to ethanol and volumetric flow rate on the production of fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE). The statistical analysis results showed that all three operating parameters affect the reaction efficiency significantly. The optimum conditions were determined to be 9.81 cm packed bed height, a molar ratio at 1:50, and a volumetric flow rate of 0.38 mL min−1. Three tests were carried out to verify the optimum combination of process parameters. The predicted and actual values of molar conversion fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) molar conversion were 97.29% and 96.87%, respectively. The reusability of kenaf fiber-based catalysts is discussed with a specially highlighted on fiber dissolution, leaching, and fouling. Nevertheless, the impurities absorption properties of anion exchange kenaf catalyst towards biodiesel production could eventually simplify the biodiesel purification steps and cost. In sum, anion exchange kenaf catalyst shows the potential commercial applications to transesterification of FAEE in a packed-bed reactor.

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