Life History ofAricoris propitia(Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)—A Myrmecophilous Butterfly Obligately Associated with Fire Ants

The immature stages ofAricoris propitia(Stichel) are described and illustrated for the first time, using both light and scanning electron microscopy. Females oviposit in at least seven host-plant families, always in the presence of fire ants (Solenopsis saevissima(Smith) complex), without being attacked by them. Larvae are tended by ants during all larval and pupal stages. From the fourth instar on, larvae feed at night and rest during the day inside underground shelters constructed by ants on the host plant roots, and where pupation occurs. Several observed features, including ant-mediated oviposition, persistent ant attendance throughout all instars, and high spatiotemporal fidelity indicate thatA. propitiais a myrmecophile obligately associated with fire ants. We proposeA. propitiaas an extraordinary model for studies on ant-butterfly evolutionary history in the Neotropics.

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Review of the Palearctic Atemelia Herrich-Schäffer (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutoidea, Praydidae), with description of a new leafmining species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4250.4.3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4250 (4) ◽

pp. 327 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

TENGTENG LIU ◽

JIAHE YAN

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Host Plant ◽

Leaf Miner ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Dna Barcodes ◽

Ulmus Pumila ◽

Life Styles ◽

Palearctic Region ◽

Plant Families ◽

First Time

The Palearctic Atemelia Herrich-Schäffer, 1853 is reviewed. Two species are treated, one of which is described as new: A. fusca Liu, sp. nov. The genus Atemelia is recorded in China for the first time, and it is also newly recorded from the Eastern Palearctic region. Larvae of A. fusca sp. nov. mine leaves of Ulmus pumila (Ulmaceae), sharing the same host plant genus with another leaf miner A. torquatella (Lienig & Zeller, 1846) from Europe, but they are distinctive from the Nearctic and the Neotropical Atemelia species in host plant families and life styles. Photographs of adults and genitalia of the Palearctic Atemelia are provided. Additional photographs of immature stages, leafmines, and host plant are provided for the new species. In addition, three DNA barcodes are provided for A. fusca sp. nov.

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Updated contribution to the knowledge of Tetranychoidea (Acari: Tetranychidae, Tenuipalpidae) from Syria with reinstatement of genus Nuciforaella Vacante

Systematic and Applied Acarology ◽

10.11158/saa.24.4.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 529

Author(s):

Mahran Zeity ◽

Nagappa Srinivasa

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Immature Stages ◽

New Host ◽

The Family ◽

First Time

Sixteen species of Tetranychoidea, 11 Tetranychidae and 5 Tenuipalpidae are reported in this study. Seven of them are recorded for the first time from Syria: Bryobia gigas, Oligonychus afrasiaticus, O. coniferarum, O. pratensis, Cenopalpus rubusi, Tenuipalpus cupressoides and T. punicae. New host plant records are also reported. Reinstatement of the genus Nuciforaella Vacante is discussed in this study. Detailed descriptions of immature stages and female of Nuciforaella nikitensis are given. A key to the known species of the family Tetranychidae from Syria is provided.

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Insect galls of the xeric vegetation of Ilha do Cabo Frio (Arraial do Cabo, RJ, Brazil)

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/s1676-06032013000300030 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 278-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Valéria Cid Maia ◽

Marcelo da Costa Souza

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Plant Species ◽

Field Work ◽

Insect Galls ◽

Gall Midges ◽

Plant Organ ◽

Plant Families ◽

Galling Insects ◽

First Time ◽

Cabo Frio

The xeric vegetation of Ilha do Cabo Frio (Arraial do Cabo, RJ) was investigated for insect galls, in May, June and August of 2012, totalizing 24 hours of field work. Forty-five morphotypes of insect galls were found on 29 species of host plant (25 genera and 18 families). Asteraceae and Myrtaceae were the most galled plant families. Leaves were the most galled plant organ, with ca. 62% of the total, followed by stems (ca. 22%). Globoid and fusiform galls were the most frequent with about 29% and 24%, respectively. The majority was glabrous (ca. 91%), and one-chambered (ca. 84%). Gallers of 30 morphotypes were determined. They belong to Diptera (Cecidomyiidae), and Lepidoptera. The former was the most frequent. Larvae of Muscomorpha (Diptera) (probably inquilines) were found in a single gall morphotype; parasitoids (Hymenoptera) in seven (ca. 15% of the total), and predators (pseudoscorpion) in a single one. As there is no previous data of insect galls of Ilha do Cabo Frio, all records presented here are new. The geographic distribution of nine species of gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) is widened. For the first time, eleven plant species are recorded as host of galling insects, and 24 gall morphotypes are described.

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First record of the early immature stages of the White Four-ring Ypthima ceylonica (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), and a note on a new host plant from India

Journal of Threatened Taxa ◽

10.11609/jott.6656.13.2.17722-17730 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 17722-17730

Author(s):

Hari Theivaprakasham ◽

Hari Ramanasaran ◽

Appavu Pavendhan

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Cynodon Dactylon ◽

First Record ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Larval Morphology ◽

New Host ◽

First Time

Documentation of the early immature stages (egg, larva, chrysalis) of the White Four-ring (Ypthima ceylonica Hewitson, 1865), including larval morphology and behaviour, is described for the first time from India. A new host plant (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) is also reported for this butterfly.

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Description of the immatures of the predaceous midge Bezzia blantoni Spinelli & Wirth (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2295.1.5 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2295 (1) ◽

pp. 46-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

MARIA M. RONDEROS ◽

GUSTAVO R. SPINELLI

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Phase Contrast ◽

Instar Larva ◽

Fourth Instar ◽

Phase Contrast Microscopy ◽

Fourth Instar Larva ◽

Contrast Microscopy ◽

Breeding Location ◽

First Time ◽

Scanning Electron

The fourth instar larva and pupa of Bezzia blantoni Spinelli & Wirth (1989) are described, illustrated and photomicrographed by using phase-contrast microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The larva, which shows features typical to carnivorous larvae, is compared with that of B. roldani Spinelli & Wirth. The species is recorded for the first time from the Martín García island, located in the La Plata river between Argentina and Uruguay. Details of the biology traits, breeding location and feeding behavior are given.

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Description of the last instar larva and new contributions to the knowledge of the pupa of Dasyhelea mediomunda Minaya (Diptera, Culicomorpha, Ceratopogonidae)

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/0001-3765201620150080 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 88 (3 suppl) ◽

pp. 1625-1633

Author(s):

FLORENTINA DÍAZ ◽

DANIELLE ANJOS-SANTOS ◽

AMPARO FUNES ◽

MARÍA M. RONDEROS

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Phase Contrast ◽

Instar Larva ◽

Fourth Instar ◽

Fourth Instar Larva ◽

Patagonian Steppe ◽

Contrast Microscope ◽

First Time ◽

Small Wetland ◽

Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT The fourth instar larva of Dasyhelea mediomunda Minaya is described for the first time and a complete description of the pupa is provided, through use of phase-contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope. Studied specimens were collected in a pond connected to a small wetland "mallin" on the Patagonian steppe, Chubut province, Argentina.

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Immature Stages and Life Cycle of the Wasp Moth,Cosmosoma auge(Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) under Laboratory Conditions

Psyche A Journal of Entomology ◽

10.1155/2014/328030 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Gunnary León-Finalé ◽

Alejandro Barro

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Host Plant ◽

Pupal Stage ◽

Immature Stages ◽

New Host ◽

Mikania Micrantha ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Arctiid Moth ◽

First Time ◽

Cuban Population

Cosmosoma auge(Linnaeus 1767) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) is a Neotropical arctiid moth common in Cuban mountainous areas; however, its life cycle remains unknown. In this work,C. augelife cycle is described for the first time; also, immature stages are described using a Cuban population. Larvae were obtained from gravid wild females caught in Viñales National Park and were fed with fresh leaves of its host plant, the climbing hempweedMikania micranthaKunth (Asterales: Asteraceae), which is a new host plant record. Eggs are hemispherical and hatching occurred five days after laying. Larval period had six instars and lasted between 20 and 22 days. First and last larval stages are easily distinguishable from others. First stage has body covered by chalazae and last stage has body covered by verrucae as other stages but has a tuft on each side of A1 and A7. Eggs and larvae features agree with Arctiinae pattern. Pupal stage lasted eight days, and, in general, females emerge before males as a result of pupal stage duration differences between sexes.

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The immature stages of Elachista zonulae (Sruoga, 1992) (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae)

Entomologica Fennica ◽

10.33338/ef.84484 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 239-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tomasz Baran

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Host Plant ◽

Leaf Blade ◽

Food Plant ◽

Young Larva ◽

Immature Stages ◽

New Host ◽

Mature Larva ◽

History Of ◽

First Time

The morphology of larva and pupa, as well as larval mines of Elachista zonulae (Sruoga, 1992) are described and illustrated for the first time. Carex firma Host is reported as a new host plant ofthe species; previously only Carex sempervirens Vill. was known to be host plant of E. zonulae. Some information on life history of this elachistid moth is also provided. The mature larva is 4.5—5.5 mm long. Pupation takes place usually at base of leaf blade of the food plant. The species is univoltine and hibernates as young larva.

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Reinterpretation of the Cambrian ‘bryozoan’ Pywackia as an octocoral

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1666/13-029 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 87 (6) ◽

pp. 984-990 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Paul D. Taylor ◽

Björn Berning ◽

Mark A. Wilson

Keyword(s):

Fossil Record ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Alternative Hypothesis ◽

Skeletal Structure ◽

Original Material ◽

Southern Mexico ◽

Upper Cambrian ◽

History Of ◽

First Time ◽

Scanning Electron

Pywackia baileyi Landing in Landing et al., 2010, from the upper Cambrian Yudachica Member of Oaxaca State, southern Mexico, consists of small, phosphatic, proximally tapering cylindrical rods covered by shallow polygonal calices. The bryozoan-like morphology of this fossil prompted its interpretation as the first bryozoan known from the Cambrian. However, restudy of some of the original material, employing scanning electron microscopy for the first time, questions the assignment of Pywackia to the Bryozoa. Striking similarities between Pywackia and the modern pennatulacean octocoral Lituaria lead to an alternative hypothesis interpreting Pywackia an early fossil octocoral. While Pywackia is probably not a true pennatulacean, a group with a definitive fossil record stretching back only to the Late Cretaceous, it can be envisaged as having had a similar skeletal structure and ecology to Lituaria, the rods representing mineralized axes of tiny colonies that lived with their proximal ends buried in the sediment and distal ends covered by feeding polyps. Landing et al. (2010) considered the phosphatic composition of Pywackia specimens to be the result of diagenetic replacement, but the evidence is equivocal. If Pywackia had a primary phosphatic skeleton, this would support the hypothesized existence of phosphatic biomineralization early in the evolutionary history of Cnidaria, as well as providing further evidence that Pywackia is not a bryozoan.

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Contribution to the knowledge of the immature stages of Palaearctic species of the genus Anthonomus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5032 (4) ◽

pp. 451-488

Author(s):

ILYA A. ZABALUEV

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Palaearctic Species ◽

Previous Description ◽

Additional Information ◽

Crataegus Pinnatifida ◽

Identification Of Species ◽

First Time

The mature larvae and pupae of Anthonomus (Anthonomidius) rubripes Gyllenhal, A. (s. str.) incurvus (Panzer), A. (s. str.) conspersus Desbrochers des Loges, and A. (s. str.) latior Pic, are described for the first time. The immature stages of A. (Anthomorphus) pinivorax Silfverberg, A. (s. str.) pedicularius (Linnaeus) (larva only), A. (s. str.) rubi (Herbst) are redescribed. The previous description of A. (s. str.) pomorum (Linnaeus) is checked and updated with new data. Keys for the identification of species of 9 larvae and 10 pupae of Palaearctic species are presented. Additional information on the biology of some species is provided. Crataegus pinnatifida is established as a host plant for the first time for A. (s. str.) latior.

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