scholarly journals Assessing Children's Anxiety Using the Modified Short State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Talking Mats: A Pilot Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Nilsson ◽  
Margret Buchholz ◽  
Gunilla Thunberg
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Children’S Anxiety

Background. Preoperative anxiety complicates treatment and requires assessment by nurses in children. Children, with or without disability, are helped when pictures are used to support communication. The purpose of this pilot study was to test the reliability and validity of the modified short State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) using a modified Talking Mats method in children undergoing day surgeries.Method. A modified short STAI with pictorial support along the lines of the Talking Mats method was pre- and postoperatively administered to 42 typically developing children aged three to nine years. The parents assessed the children’s anxiety, simultaneously and independently, by scoring the short STAI by proxy.Results. The modified short STAI showed moderate internal consistency and good construct validity in the age group seven to nine years.Conclusions. The results of this study support the use of the instrument for self-reports in children aged seven to nine years. Future research will explore the possibilities of also using this instrument for children with cognitive and communicative difficulties.

Reliability and Validity of Persian Version of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Among High School Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
N Abdoli ◽  
V Farnia ◽  
S Salemi ◽  
O Davarinejad ◽  
T Ahmadi Jouybari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
School Students ◽  
Persian Version

Learning of Dynamic Display AAC Technologies by Typically Developing 3-Year-Olds

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1133-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn D. R. Drager ◽  
Janice C. Light ◽  
Rhonda Carlson ◽  
Karen D'Silva ◽  
Brittany Larsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Learning Session ◽  
Initial Exposure ◽  
Developmental Models ◽  
Dynamic Display ◽  
System Layout

The present study investigated the learning demands of dynamic display augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) technologies that differed in system layout and menu page approaches for 3-year-old children. Ten typically developing children were randomly assigned to each of 3 technology approaches and were asked to located vocabulary items within a play context. Results indicated that the children had difficulty with all of the technologies on initial exposure. After the 1st learning session, children performed significantly better with AAC technologies in a contextual scene format than in a grid format. Some limited generalization to new vocabulary was evident. AAC technologies for young children need to be redesigned to better reflect the developmental models of children. Results are discussed with implications for practice and suggestions for future research.

Developmental relations between amygdala volume and anxiety traits: Effects of informant, sex, and age

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1503-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Rice Warnell ◽  
Meredith Pecukonis ◽  
Elizabeth Redcay
Keyword(s):  
Independent Effect ◽  
Late Childhood ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Null Results ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Amygdala Volume ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Brain Behavior

AbstractAlthough substantial human and animal evidence suggests a role for the amygdala in anxiety, literature linking amygdala volume to anxiety symptomatology is inconclusive, with studies finding positive, negative, and null results. Clarifying this brain–behavior relation in middle to late childhood is especially important, as this is a time both of amygdala structural maturation and the emergence of many anxiety disorders. The goal of the current study was to clarify inconsistent findings in previous literature by identifying factors moderating the relation between amygdala volume and anxiety traits in a large sample of typically developing children aged 6–13 years (N = 72). In particular, we investigated the moderating effects of informant (parent vs. child), age, and sex. We found that children's reports (i.e., self-reports) were related to amygdala volume; children who reported higher anxiety levels had smaller amygdalae. This negative relation between amygdala volume and anxiety weakened with age. There was also an independent effect of sex, such that relations were stronger in males than in females. These results indicate the importance of considering sample and informant characteristics when charting the neurobiological mechanisms underlying developmental anxiety.

Items Selection for the Japanese Version of the Preschool Activity Card Sort

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
Go Igarashi ◽  
Chieko Karashima ◽  
Jun-ichi Uemura
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Card Sort ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Sociocultural Background ◽  
Actual Participation

Preschool Activity Card Sort (PACS) is a valid measure of preschoolers’ participation and is a useful and unique tool for focusing on the extent and frequency of their participation. However, given the cultural differences between Japan and other countries, researchers should consider these differences when adapting the PACS for use with children in Japan. The purpose of this study was to select culturally suitable activity items to develop the Japanese version of PACS (PACS-JPN). A two-round survey of parents (who had typically developing children aged between 3 and 6 years) was conducted. The final version of the PACS-JPN included 98 activity items. The PACS-JPN reflects Japanese sociocultural background and allows occupational therapists to assess preschoolers’ actual participation by assessing multiple aspects of children’s community life. The psychometric properties, including the validity and reliability of the PACS-JPN should be examined in future research.

scholarly journals Accuracy and variability in early spontaneous word production: The effects of age, frequency and neighbourhood density

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-150
Author(s):  
Samuel David Jones
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Bayesian Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Speech Sound Disorder ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Explanatory Account ◽  
Typical Range

High rates of error and variability in early word production may signal speech sound disorder. However, there is little consensus regarding the degree of error and variability that may be expected in the typical range. Relatedly, while variables including child age, word frequency and word phonological neighbourhood density are associated with variance in word production accuracy and variability, such effects remain under-examined in spontaneous speech. This study measured the accuracy and variability of 234,551 spontaneous word productions from five typically developing children in the Providence corpus (0;11–4;0). Using Bayesian regression, accuracy and variability rates were predicted by age, input frequency, phonological neighbourhood density, and interactions between these variables. Between 61% and 72% of word productions were both inaccurate and variable according to strict criteria. However loosening these criteria to accommodate production inconsistencies unlikely to be considered erroneous (e.g. the target /æləɡeɪtəɹ/ pronounced /ælɪɡeɪtəɹ/) reduced this figure to between 10% and 17%, with the majority of word productions then classed as accurate and stable (48%–58%). In addition, accuracy was higher and variability was lower in later months of sampling, and for high frequency words and high density words. The author discusses the implications of these results for future research and the differential diagnosis of speech sound disorder, and presents an explanatory account of findings emphasizing the development of oral-motor skills and increasingly detailed phonological word representations.

Effects of Natural Stress Relief Meditation on Trait Anxiety: A Pilot Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Coppola
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Stress Relief ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Natural Stress ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Trait Anxiety Score

Natural Stress Relief meditation, a mental technique which is practiced for 15 minutes twice a day, aims to reduce stress and anxiety by eliciting a specific state of physiological rest along with mental alertness. The meditation is taught in a self-administered program, requiring one hour of training during the first three days, followed by the regular twice daily practice. Each 15-min. session consists in sitting quietly with closed eyes while applying a specific mental procedure. To test the effectiveness of meditation in reducing trait anxiety, Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was administered to 25 participants four times over a 3-wk. period: one week before starting to practice the meditation, a few hours before starting, 1 wk. after, and 2 wk. after. The difference in Trait Anxiety score between pretreatment and before starting the practice was not significant, while it was significant both after the first week of practice (Cohen d= .46) and after the first 2 wk. of practice ( d= .67).

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