Influencing Factors of Lung Cancer Patients' Participation in Shared Decision-making: a Cross-sectional Study

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze the level of actual participation and perceived importance of shared decision-making on treatment and care of lung cancer patients, to compare their differences and to explore factors that influence them.Methods: A total of 290 lung cancer patients were collected from the department of oncology and thoracic surgery of a comprehensive medical center in Qingdao from October 2018 to December 2019. Participants completed a cross-sectional questionnaire to assess their actual participation and perceived importance in shared decision-making on treatment and care. Descriptive analysis and non-parametric tests were carried out to assess the status quo of patients' shared decision-making on treatment and care. Binary logistic regression analysis with a stepwise back-wards was applied to predict the factors that affected patients' participation in shared decision-making.Results: The results showed that patients with lung cancer had a low degree of participation in shared decision-making. There were significant differences between actual participation and perceived importance of shared decision-making on treatment and care. Education level, younger, gender, income, marital status, personality, the course of the disease (>6 months), and the Pathological TNM staging (Ⅲ) affected the patient's level of participation in shared decision-making.Conclusion: Actual participation in shared decision-making for the treatment and care of lung cancer patients was low and considered unimportant. We could train oncology nurses to use patient decision aids to help patients and families participate in shared decision-making based patients’ value, preferences and needs.

Household Preferences for Investing in Crowdfunding

Using representative survey data on the Dutch population, we analyze households’ actual participation and stated preferences for crowdfunding involvement at the extensive and intensive margin, with emphasis on the relation with investing in socially responsible assets. We find that crowdfunding investors are higher educated and more future oriented than others, whereas risk aversion plays a negative but insignificant role. Financial literacy is positively associated with knowing about crowdfunding, but not with actual participation. A stated choice preference experiment largely confirms these relations. At the intensive margin, however, results are rather different: Women have a stronger preference for crowdfunding than men do. Financial literacy reduces the preferred share invested in crowdfunding. We find a strong positive relation between crowdfunding and socially responsible investing. We identify several common factors: a desire to contribute to improving society and a lack of confidence in traditional financial institutions. Comparing stated and revealed preferences, we find that the potential for attracting more crowdfunding funders is much smaller than for attracting socially responsible investors.

Systemic Gendering in Facebook Group Participation

Communication is increasingly taking place in Facebook Groups around the world. Yet, we have little scientific knowledge of Facebook Groups at scale, especially the extent to which general systemic gendering is a pattern in participation in such groups. This knowledge deficit is problematic for digitalized and data-driven democratic societies. Therefore, this article aims to investigate gender differences in open, closed, and secret Facebook Groups. The study relies on a unique large-scale Facebook Group dataset from a sample that reflects the gender of Facebook users and the Facebook Groups they belong to in both Denmark and South Korea. By applying Bayesian models and developing a notion of participation that consists of both structural and actual participation, the study finds that the relation between country, gender, and participation is strongly modulated by gender differences. Females are more engaged than males in Denmark, while the opposite is true for South Korea. In both countries, privacy affects females’ participation more than males’. This article contributes to the field by presenting new large-scale findings that explore gender differences on three levels of Facebook Group privacy settings (open, closed, and secret) in a hitherto understudied communication space and, by doing so, it highlights the importance of privacy and country in predicting systemic gendering.

The Psychological Burden of the COVID-19 Pandemic Is Associated With Antisystemic Attitudes and Political Violence

What are the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for people’s political attitudes and behavior? We tested, specifically, whether the psychological burden of the COVID-19 pandemic relates to antisystemic attitudes (dissatisfaction with the fundamental social and political order), peaceful political activism, and political violence. Nationally representative two-wave panel data were collected via online surveys of adults in the United States, Denmark, Italy, and Hungary ( ns = 6,131 and 4,568 in Waves 1 and 2, respectively). Overall, levels of antisystemic attitudes were low, and only a small share of interviewees reported behavioral intentions to participate in and actual participation in political violence. However, preregistered analyses indicated that perceived COVID-19 burden was associated with antisystemic attitudes and intentions to engage in political violence. In the United States, the burden of COVID-19 was also associated with self-reported engagement in violence surrounding the Black Lives Matter protests and counterprotests. We found less robust evidence that perceived COVID-19 burden was associated with peaceful activism.

Validation of an Assessment Tool to Measure Psycho-Social Factors Associated With Willingness to Participate in Child-Centered Initiatives

The aim of the paper was the validation of a psychosocial assessment tool for determining willingness to participate in child-centered safety promotion interventions, specifically in a low-income community in South Africa. A study was conducted as part of the initial validation to test the items and format the questionnaire. The instrument was then administered to Afrikaans speaking individuals in a community in the Western Cape. Iterative exploratory factor analysis was conducted at both the item and scale levels to select and reassign items and scales to determine the final composition of the questionnaire. The findings indicate that the instrument measures seven factors, namely incentives; priorities and community needs; perceived benefits; social approval; accessibility and values; altruistic capital; and community cohesion, which represents salient dimensions of the construct willingness to participate in interventions. The questionnaire and its subscales displayed acceptable to good reliability, with Cronbach’s α ranging from .55 to .80. Since willingness precedes actual participation, it is argued that insight into the factors that relate to willingness to participate provides an avenue for motivating actual participation.

Pemanfaatan sukun muda untuk peningkatan nilai gizi abon ikan tongkol

Background: Using young breadfruit to increase the breadfruit usability and economic value, one of the efforts is through the enrichment of the type of processed breadfruit products, breadfruit provides nutritional value that is beneficial to health, one of the help of breadfruit is increasing breadfruit for shredded products.Objectives: This study aims to find out how to improve young breadfruit 20%, 30%, 40% of the chemical properties (carbohydrate, protein, and fiber) of shredded tuna.Methods: This study used an experimental design with a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three preparations and three repetitions. Then the chemical tests (carbohydrate, protein, and fiber) at the Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology of the Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh.Results: The study results showed actual participation in young breadfruit 20%, 30%, and 40% of the chemical properties (carbohydrate, protein, and fiber) in shredded tuna with a p-value < 0.05.Conclusion: Agreeing that 20%, 30%, and 40% of young breadfruit were approved for shredded tuna's chemical properties (carbohydrate, protein, and fiber).

Affective commitment through further training: the roles of firm provision and employee participation

This study investigates the relation of further training and employees’ affective commitment by disentangling the relevance of a firm’s general support for further training and the individual’s actual participation. Using linked employer-employee data, we consider both the firm’s and the individual’s perspective and control for several HR instruments additionally to the usual demographics and job characteristics. We also distinguish between subgroups of employees regarding age and schooling. Results show that employees’ participation in further training and a firm’s support for further training are both positively related to affective commitment. Furthermore, our results hint for differences in employees’ expectations regarding the amount of the firm’s support for further training. Whereas there is no meaningful relation of the general firm’s support for further training to commitment of university graduates, participation in further training measures and the individuals’ perceived support for personnel development is particularly relevant for this group of employees.

The Alienation from Citizenship in Bosnia and Herzegovina: From Criticism of the Constitution to Actual Participation

Remaining true to the spirit and logic of the war-torn territories, the Dayton Peace Agreement highlights the interdependence of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s (B&H) 'local' problems with the wider region’s problems, and indeed, global problems. 25 years after the signing of the Dayton Peace Agreement, we have gained a democracy without a people, a democracy with MP’s defined by their ethnicity, who, at their discretion, interpret the will of the people and dispose of the mandate entrusted to them by their convictions. This paper aims to open up the question of whether the Dayton Constitution alienated B&H’s citizens from their political community. Pointing to the process of alienation from citizenship, which is, among other things, caused by a constitutional architecture that does not conceive of the citizen as an abstract category, the author focuses more on the conditions in which voters are denied real political participation. In theoretical terms, this participation would mean not only resistance to ethnonationalism, but also the creation of opportunities for citizens to unite and make political-strategic, and long-term decisions important for the future of B&H.

Understanding Voter Turnout Through Big Data Analytics

In the concept of democracy, citizens can come out to vote and choose who they would prefer to lead the country in a competitive election. Malaysia is one of the countries that practicing democracy in shaping the country’s future. There is a total of 14 general elections held in Malaysia. The turnout rate of the 2013 general election, 84.8% is the highest record in Malaysia history. However, the actual participation rate is considered lower when voter turnout is compared to voting age population and the number of eligible voters. Thus, this study’s objective is to predict Malaysian turnout in the general election in Malaysia using classification tree algorithms. This dataset used in this study are the Asian Barometer Survey 2010 and 2014 dataset. The three selection decision tree algorithms used in this study are CHAID, CART, and C5.0. Among these three methods, CHAID perform the best to predict the Malaysian turnout in Malaysia’s general election.