scholarly journals Effects of Edaravone, a Free Radical Scavenger, on Photochemically Induced Cerebral Infarction in a Rat Hemiplegic Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Ikeda ◽  
Katsuhiro Harada ◽  
Akihiko Ohwatashi ◽  
Yurie Kamikawa
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Cerebral Thrombosis

Edaravone is a free radical scavenger that protects the adjacent cortex during cerebral infarction. We created a hemiparetic model of cerebral thrombosis from a photochemically induced infarction with the photosensitive dye, rose bengal, in rats. We examined the effects of edaravone on recovery in the model. A total of 36 adult Wistar rats were used. The right sensorimotor area was irradiated with green light with a wavelength of 533 nm (10 mm diameter), and the rose bengal was injected intravenously to create an infarction. The edaravone group was injected intraperitoneally with edaravone (3 mg/kg), and the control group was injected with saline. The recovery process of the hemiplegia was evaluated with the 7-step scale of Fenny. The infarcted areas were measured after fixation. The recovery of the paralysis in the edaravone-treated group was significantly earlier than that in the untreated group. Seven days later, both groups were mostly recovered and had scores of 7, and the infarction region was significantly smaller in the edaravone-treated group. Edaravone reduced the infarction area and promoted the functional recovery of hemiparesis from cerebral thrombosis in a rat model. These findings suggest that edaravone treatment would be effective in clinical patients recovering from cerebral infarction.

N-acetylcysteine administration alters the response to inspiratory loading in oxygen-supplemented rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 1119-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Supinski ◽  
D. Stofan ◽  
R. Ciufo ◽  
A. Dimarco
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Respiratory Arrest ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Loaded Breathing

Supinski, G. S., D. Stofan, R. Ciufo, and A. DiMarco. N-acetylcysteine administration alters the response to inspiratory loading in oxygen-supplemented rats. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(4): 1119–1125, 1997.—Based on recent studies, it has been suggested that free radicals are elaborated in the respiratory muscles during strenuous contractions and contribute to the development of muscle fatigue. If this theory is correct, then it should be possible to attenuate the development of diaphragm fatigue and/or delay the onset of respiratory failure during loaded breathing by administering a free radical scavenger. The purpose of the present experiment was, therefore, to examine the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a free radical scavenger and glutathione precursor, on the evolution of respiratory failure in decerebrate unanesthetized rats breathing against a large inspiratory resistive load. We compared the inspiratory volume and pressure generation over time in animals pretreated with either saline or NAC (150 mg/kg) and then loaded until respiratory arrest. After arrest, the diaphragm was excised, and samples were assayed for reduced (GSH) and oxidized glutathione. As a control, we also assessed respiratory function and glutathione concentrations in groups of nonloaded saline- and NAC-treated animals. We found that NAC-treated animals were able to tolerate loading better than the saline-treated group, maintaining higher inspiratory pressures and sustaining higher inspired volumes. Administration of NAC also increased the time that animals could tolerate loading before the development of respiratory arrest. In addition, although saline-treated loaded animals had significant reductions in diaphragmatic GSH levels compared with unloaded controls, the magnitude of this reduction was blunted by NAC administration (i.e., GSH averaged 965 ± 113, 568 ± 83, 907 ± 39, and 784 ± 61 nmol/g for unloaded-saline, loaded-saline, unloaded-NAC, and loaded-NAC groups, P< 0.05, with the value for the loaded-saline group lower than the values for the two unloaded groups; GSH for the loaded-NAC group was not different, however, from unloaded controls). These data demonstrate that administration of NAC, a free radical scavenger, slows the rate of development of respiratory failure during inspiratory resistive loading.

S109 – N-2 MPG in Groin Flaps Subjected to Vein Occlusion

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P113-P114
Author(s):  
Benoit J Gosselin ◽  
Louise Davies
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Flap Survival ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
Scavenger Activity ◽  
The Mean

Objectives In a prior communication, we showed that ischemic rat groin flaps exposed to the free radical scavenger N-2 mercaptopropionylglycine (MPG) at the time of arterial and venous occlusion had a higher rate of survival than untreated flaps. In this study, the objective is to test the efficacy and timing of administration of MPG in salvaging rat groin flaps subjected to venous occlusion alone. Methods Randomized controlled trial. Main outcome is mean percentage of flap survival at 7 days. 30 mature Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to 3 groups based on timing of treatment with MPG: 1- flap raised, no MPG, no venous occlusion (sham group); 2- flap raised, no MPG, 10-hour period of venous occlusion (control group); 3- flap raised, MPG after 10 hours venous occlusion (post-reperfusion group). Results There was no statistical difference noted in mean survival of venous occluded flaps when comparing the control and post-reperfusion groups, after 7 days. Specifically, the mean flap survival in the control group at 7 days was 10.9% (median 0%, range 0–100%). The mean flap survival in the post-reperfusion group was 14.6% (median 0%, range 0–100%). The mean flap survival in the sham group was 90.0% (median 100%, range 0–100%). Conclusions Post-reperfusion MPG administration is not helpful for flaps subjected to venous occlusion alone. The free-radical scavenger activity of MPG is potentiated within the tissues prior to vein occlusion. Potential applications for free flap salvage would need further study.

scholarly journals Mitigation of cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity by casticin in male albino rats

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ehsan ◽  
M. U. Ijaz ◽  
A. Ashraf ◽  
S. Sarwar ◽  
A. Samad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Kidney Injury Molecule 1

Abstract Cisplatin (CP) is a commonly used, powerful antineoplastic drug, having numerous side effects. Casticin (CAS) is considered as a free radical scavenger and a potent antioxidant. The present research was planned to assess the curative potential of CAS on CP persuaded renal injury in male albino rats. Twenty four male albino rats were distributed into four equal groups. Group-1 was considered as a control group. Animals of Group-2 were injected with 5mg/kg of CP intraperitoneally. Group-3 was co-treated with CAS (50mg/kg) orally and injection of CP (5mg/kg). Group-4 was treated with CAS (50mg/kg) orally throughout the experiment. CP administration substantially reduced the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GSR), glutathione (GSH) content while increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels. Urea, urinary creatinine, urobilinogen, urinary proteins, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels were substantially increased. In contrast, albumin and creatinine clearance was significantly reduced in CP treated group. The results demonstrated that CP significantly increased the inflammation indicators including nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity and histopathological damages. However, the administration of CAS displayed a palliative effect against CP-generated renal toxicity and recovered all parameters by bringing them to a normal level. These results revealed that the CAS is an effective compound having the curative potential to counter the CP-induced renal damage.

scholarly journals ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE IN WOMEN: EFFICACY OF THE FREE RADICAL SCAVENGER EDARAVONE

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Yuriy P. Vdovychenko ◽  
Oleg A. Loskutov ◽  
Oleksandr A. Halushko ◽  
Maryna A. Trishchynska ◽  
Dmytro O. Dziuba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Four Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Neuronspecific Enolase ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Positive Results

The aim: To investigate the effectiveness of usage of the free radical scavenger Edaravone in the therapy of women with AIS. Materials and methods: A prospective study was conducted of 48 women with AIS, divided into two groups. Patients in the first group (n = 36) were treated with edaravone 30 mg twice a day intravenously. Neuroprotectors were not used in the control group (n = 12). Clinical-instrumental and neurological examination (Glasgow scale (SCG), FOUR, NIHSS, and neuronspecific enolase (NSE) levels) were performed on all patients. Results: The mean FOUR score in the 1th group increased from 11.04±0.85 to 15.47±0.63 points against 11.39±0.56 to 13.46±1.49 in the control group (p<0.05). The level of NSE in control group patients increased 10-fold (from 9.2 to 96.4 ng/ml, p<0.01). Subsequently, there was a rapid decrease in NSE level in 1th group, and in the control group until 10 days of treatment, the level of NSE did not reach the reference values (p <0.05). Conclusions: The introduction of edaravone in women with AIS results in positive results already in the acute period of the disease. The use of edaravon was significantly effective on the FOUR scale and the dynamics of NSE levels.

Edaravone, a free radical scavenger, attenuates cerebral infarction and hemorrhagic infarction in rats with hyperglycemia

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Okamura ◽  
Tamiji Tsubokawa ◽  
Hiroo Johshita ◽  
Hiroshi Miyazaki ◽  
Yoshiaki Shiokawa
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Hemorrhagic Infarction

Pretreatment with the Free Radical Scavenger Edaravone Prevents Cerebral Hyperperfusion after Carotid Endarterectomy

Neurosurgery ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 1060-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuniaki Ogasawara ◽  
Takashi Inoue ◽  
Masakazu Kobayashi ◽  
Hidehiko Endo ◽  
Takeshi Fukuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Cerebral Hyperperfusion

Abstract OBJECTIVE: Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a rare but potentially devastating complication. The purpose of the present study, which was not a randomized controlled trial but a case cohort study with historical control, was to determine whether pretreatment with a novel free radical scavenger, edaravone, could prevent occurrence of cerebral hyperperfusion after CEA. METHODS: Fifty patients with ipsilateral internal carotid artery stenosis (≥70%) underwent CEA with administration of edaravone before internal carotid artery clamping. Preoperative cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) to acetazolamide were assessed with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Cerebral blood flow also was measured immediately after CEA and on the 3rd postoperative day. RESULTS: Cerebral hyperperfusion (cerebral blood flow increase ≥100% compared with preoperative values) was revealed by SPECT performed immediately after CEA in only one patient (2%), who also exhibited reduced preoperative CVR. The incidence of post-CEA hyperperfusion as revealed by SPECT in the control group (51 CEA patients without administration of edaravone) was significantly higher (16%) (P= 0.0310, control versus treatment group). In addition, in a subgroup of patients with reduced preoperative CVR, the incidence of post-CEA hyperperfusion as revealed by SPECT in the edaravone group (7%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (67%) (P= 0.0029). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that reduced preoperative CVR and absence of pretreatment with edaravone were significant independent predictors of post-CEA hyperperfusion as revealed by SPECT. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with edaravone can prevent occurrence of cerebral hyperperfusion after CEA.

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