scholarly journals Induction and Analysis of the Alkaloid Mitragynine Content of aMitragyna speciosaSuspension Culture System upon Elicitation and Precursor Feeding

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Nahazima Mohamad Zuldin ◽  
Ikram Md. Said ◽  
Normah Mohd Noor ◽  
Zamri Zainal ◽  
Chew Jin Kiat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Precursor Feeding ◽  
Petiole Explants ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

This study aimed to determine the effects of different concentrations and combinations of the phytohormones 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), kinetin, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on callus induction and to demonstrate the role of elicitors and exogenous precursors on the production of mitragynine in aMitragyna speciosasuspension culture. The best callus induction was achieved from petiole explants cultured on WPM that was supplemented with 4 mg L−12, 4-D (70.83%). Calli were transferred to liquid media and agitated on rotary shakers to establishMitragyna speciosacell suspension cultures. The optimum settled cell volume was achieved in the presence of WPM that contained 3 mg L−12,4-D and 3% sucrose (9.47±0.4667 mL). The treatment of cultures with different concentrations of yeast extract and salicylic acid for different inoculation periods revealed that the highest mitragynine content as determined by HPLC was achieved from the culture treated with 250 mg L−1yeast extract (9.275±0.082 mg L−1) that was harvested on day 6 of culturing; salicylic acid showed low mitragynine content in all concentrations used. Tryptophan and loganin were used as exogenous precursors; the highest level of mitragynine production was achieved in cultures treated with 3 μM tryptophan and harvested at 6 days (13.226±1.98 mg L−1).

scholarly journals Role of Growth Regulators on In Vitro Callus Induction and Direct Regeneration in Physalis minima Linn

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sandhya ◽  
Rao Srinath
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Direct Regeneration ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Suitable protocol for induction of callus and regeneration was developed from different explants viz., node, stem and leaves in Physalis minima. MS basal medium supplemented with various concentrations (1.0-4.0mg/l) of auxins like 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins (0.5-1.5mg/l) like BAP or Kn were used. All the three explants responded for induction of callus, however stem explants were found superior, followed by node and leaf. Callus induction was observed in all the auxins and combination of growth regulators used with varied mass (2010±1.10) and highest percentage of callus induction was observed from stem at 2.0mg/l 2,4-D (90%) followed by NAA (70%) and IAA (50%). Organogenesis was induced when nodal explants were transferred on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D and Kn at various concentrations, maximum being on 2.0mg/l 2,4-D + 1.0mg/l Kn (90%). Regenerated shoots were elongated on 0.5mg/l GA3. The shoots were subsequently rooted on MS + 1.0mg/l IBA (95%) medium. Rooted shoots were hardened and acclimatized, later they were transferred to polycups containing soil, cocopeat and sand in the ratio 1:2:1.Keywords:Physalis minima, Node, Stem, Leaf, callus and growth regulators.

scholarly journals Etude Des Effets Des Régulateurs De Croissance Sur La Les Stades De Prolifération Et De Développement De La Pomme De Terre (Solanum Tuberosum. L) In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Sadek Chahredine ◽  
Nadia Ykhlef
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Régulateurs De Croissance ◽  
Role Of Light

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of different concentrations and combinations of the phytohormones, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP): M1 (0.5 mg / l +1 mg / l), M2 (1 mg / l + 0.5 mg / l) , M3 (2 mg / l +2 mg / l), M4 (0.5 mg / l + l mg / l, NAA), M5 (1.0 mg / l + l mg / l , NAA), and M6 (2.0 mg / l + l mg / l, NAA). This study was carried out in dark condition on callus induction of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars from potato tuber bud so as to demonstrate the role of light. The callus initiation begins after 7 days of incubation for all studied media. After two months of incubation, the better development of callus was noted in Spunta variety by using medium M1, M2, M3, and M6. The calluses took a compact structure of brown-white color for both varieties with a callus induction rate of 20- 40%. This was collected with kondor variety for M2 and (M3, M4, M5) media respectively and 10-30% for M4 (M1, M2, M3) for Spunta variety also. The highest fresh weight was recorded on M2 medium with 0.26g for Kondor variety and 0.93g for Spunta variety.

scholarly journals Callus Induction and Plantlet Regeneration in Tissue Cultures of Hawaiian Anthuriums

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 919-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Kuehnle ◽  
N. Sugii
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Plantlet Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Petiole Explants ◽  
Anthurium Andraeanum ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

Leaf explants of seven cultivars of Hawaiian anthuriums (Anthurium andraeanum Linden ex André cv. Kaumana, Kozohara, Marian Seefurth, Mauna Kea, Nitta, Ozaki, and Paradise Pink) produced callus most successfully after 2 to 3 months on a modified Pierik medium containing 0.36 μm 2,4-D and 4.4 μm BA. Petiole explants callused best on Pierik modified Pierik, and Finnie and van Staden media. Long-term cultures of callus from Univ. of Hawaii anthurium selections UH965, UH1060, and UH1003 were maintained for 12 to 13 months and were still capable of plantlet regeneration. Adventitious plantlets were recovered from callus plated on a Kunisaki medium containing 2.2 or 22 μm BA. Regeneration appeared to be organogenic rather than embryogenic and varied among the genotypes tested. Chemical names used: N- (phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA); (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid (2,4-D).

scholarly journals Micropropagation, Callus Induction and Regeneration of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Seied Mehdi Miri
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Micro Propagation ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

AbstractThe present study describes a protocol for micro-propagation, callus induction, and shoot regeneration of ginger (Zingiber officinale). The rhizomes were surface-sterilized with ethanol (70%) for 45 s, sodium hypochlorite (2.5%) for 10 min, and mercuric chloride (0.1%) for 10 min. Multiple shoots were induced from sprouting bud explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzyladenine (BA) combined with kinetin (Kin). The maximum shoot number was obtained from MS medium containing 10 mg/l BA with a mean of 20.6 shoots per explant. The leaf explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), Dicamba, or BA for callus culture. Green-red compact calli were induced using 2,4-D, Dicamba or BA. Also, BA successfully induced plant regeneration. The multiplied shoots that were transferred to the rooting medium (½MS supplemented with 0, 1 and 2 mg/l IAA, indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or NAA) showed development of roots (100%). The rooted plantlets were transferred to pots containing a 1:1 mixture of cocopeat and perlite, and acclimatization was successful, resulting in 85% survival of the plantlets in the greenhouse.

High-Frequency Shoot Regeneration From Flower Bud Derived Callus of Gymnostachyum Febrifugum Benth., an Endemic Medicinal Plant to the Western Ghats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silpa P ◽  
Dennis Thuruthiyil Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Shoot Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
The Family ◽  
Endemic Medicinal Plant ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
The Western Ghats

Abstract Gymnostachyum febrifugum Benth. is a small, scapigerous, rare and endemic medicinal herb indigenous to India belonging to the family Acanthaceae. This study reports an efficient protocol for high-frequency flower bud derived callus induction and shoot organogenesis in G. febrifugum. Flower buds at 7d before anthesis (dBA) were excised from the inflorescence and cultured on MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D; 0.5-2.0 mg/l) for callus induction. The optimum callus induction (78%) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l 2, 4-D. The calli when subcultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ; 0.5-2.5 mg/l) or 6-benzylaminopurine BAP (0.5-2.5 mg/l) alone or in combination with 1- naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA; 0.2-0.7 mg/l) induced shoots. The highest frequency (94%) and number of shoots (44.6 shoots/unit callus) were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l TDZ and 0.5 mg/l NAA. The optimum rooting frequency (95%) and number of roots (10.2) were observed on ½ MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/l indole-3- butyric acid (IBA). The rooted plantlets were acclimatized and transferred to soil with 94% success.

scholarly journals Phospholipid Signaling Is a Component of the Salicylic Acid Response in Plant Cell Suspension Cultures

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5285
Author(s):  
Beatriz A. Rodas-Junco ◽  
Geovanny I. Nic-Can ◽  
Armando Muñoz-Sánchez ◽  
S. M. Teresa Hernández-Sotomayor
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Plant Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Plant Cell Suspension ◽  
Phospholipid Signaling ◽  
Sa Signaling

Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signaling molecule involved in plant defense. While many proteins play essential roles in SA signaling, increasing evidence shows that responses to SA appear to involve and require lipid signals. The phospholipid-generated signal transduction involves a family of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis or phosphorylation of phospholipids in membranes to generate signaling molecules, which are important in the plant cellular response. In this review, we focus first, the role of SA as a mitigator in biotic/abiotic stress. Later, we describe the experimental evidence supporting the phospholipid–SA connection in plant cells, emphasizing the roles of the secondary lipid messengers (phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidic acid (PA)) and related enzymes (phospholipase D (PLD) and phospholipase C (PLC)). By placing these recent finding in context of phospholipids and SA in plant cells, we highlight the role of phospholipids as modulators in the early steps of SA triggered transduction in plant cells.

scholarly journals Sterile Tissue Preparation and Callus Induction of Curcuma longa Linn.

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Warunya Kaewthip ◽  
Srisulak Dheeranupattana ◽  
Pornchai Junta ◽  
Lalida Shank
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Tissue Preparation ◽  
Friable Callus ◽  
Sterile Leaf ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

Curcuma longa Linn. (family Zingiberaceae), commonly known as ‘turmeric’, is native to Southeast Asia. Turmeric has been used for color, flavor as a spice in cuisine and employed for treatment of various diseases. The major component in yellow-pigmented fraction of turmeric is curcuminoids. Curcuminoid production in callus of C. longa Linn. is our focus of study. Sterile techniques to obtain germ-free of C. longa Linn. explants were investigated and the results showed that immersing rhizome buds in 70% ethanol for 5 min, followed by 0.10% HgCl2 for 10 min offered approximately 66% survival rate. Multiple shoots were generated from the aseptic rhizome explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) agar medium fortified with 3.00 µM of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BA) and 0.50 µM of 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 25 ± 2°C under a photoperiod of 16 h light and 8 h dark. The sterile leaf sheath and root were subsequently used for callus induction which produced various responses when cultured on MS agar medium fortified with different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D), Thidiazuron (TDZ) and BA. The highest induction yields of friable callus were obtained from leaf sheath segments cultured on MS agar medium fortified with 0.50 mg/l 2, 4-D which are the conditions proposed for successful production of callus culture of C. longa Linn. Keywords: Callus induction, Curcuma longa Linn., Turmeric, Plant tissue culture

Plant Regeneration from Excised Cotyledons of Mature Strawberry Achenes

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 569-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Raymond Miller ◽  
Craig K. Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Shoot Buds ◽  
Cotyledon Explants ◽  
Multiple Shoot Buds ◽  
Rapid Regeneration ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

A protocol was developed for excising and culturing cotyledon explants from mature achenes of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). Cotyledon explants formed callus with multiple shoot buds on agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog media containing several combinations of hormones (1 μm 2,4-D; 10 μm 2,4-D; 1 μm BA + 1 μm 2,4-D; 1 μm BA + 10 μm 2,4-D; 5 μm BA; 5 μm BA + 1 μm 2,4-D; 5 μm BA + 10 μ m 2,4-D; 5 μ m BA + 5 μm NAA; 5 μ m BA + 15 μ m NAA). After three subcultures, only tissues maintained on the medium containing 5 μm BA + 5 μm NAA continued to form shoots. Tissues transferred to other media eventually died (1 μm 2,4-D; 1 μ m BA + 10 μ m 2,4-D; 5 μ m BA; 5 μ m BA + 1 μ m 2,4-D), became unorganized (1 μm BA + 1 μm 2,4-D; 5 μm BA + 10 μm 2,4-D; 5 μm BA + 15 μm NAA), or formed roots (10 μm 2,4-D). Whole plantlets were produced by transferring callus with buds to medium lacking hormones. The rapid regeneration of clonal plantlets from cotyledon explants may be useful for reducing variability in future developmental studies. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA); (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid (2,4-D); and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).

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