scholarly journals In Vitro Susceptibility ofCandidaSpecies to Four Antifungal Agents Assessed by the Reference Broth Microdilution Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahriye Eksi ◽  
Efgan Dogan Gayyurhan ◽  
Iclal Balci
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Dose Dependent

This study was performed to determine the distribution ofCandidaspecies isolated from the blood cultures of the patients hospitalized in our hospital and to investigate their antifungal susceptibility.Candidastrains were identified at species level by using classical methods and API ID 32C (bioMerieux, France) identification kits. The susceptibility of the strains to amphotericin B, fluconazole, voriconazole, and caspofungin was evaluated by using the reference broth microdilution method in document M27-A3 of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Of the 111Candidastrains isolated, 47.7% were identified asC. albicansand 52.3% as non-albicansCandidastrains. The MIC ranges were 0.03–1 μg/mL for amphotericin B, 0.125–≥64 μg/mL for fluconazole, 0.03–16 μg/mL for voriconazole, and 0.015–0.25 μg/mL for caspofungin. AllCandidastrains were susceptible to amphotericin B and caspofungin. 10.8% isolates were resistant to fluconazole and 8.1% isolates were dose-dependent susceptible. While 0.9% isolate was resistant to voriconazole, 0.9% isolate was dose-dependent susceptible. In our study,C. albicansandC. parapsilosiswere the most frequently encountered agents of candidemia and it was detected that voriconazole with a low resistance rate might also be used with confidence in the treatment of infections occurring with these agents, primarily besides amphotericin B and caspofungin.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Modified EUCAST Fragmented-Mycelium Inoculum Method forIn VitroSusceptibility Testing of Dermatophytes and the Activity of Novel Antifungal Agents

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 3675-3682 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Risslegger ◽  
C. Lass-Flörl ◽  
G. Blum ◽  
M. Lackner
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Inoculum Preparation ◽  
Minimal Effective Concentration

ABSTRACTFor antifungal susceptibility testing of nonsporulating or poorly sporulating dermatophytes, a fragmented-mycelium inoculum preparation method was established and compared to broth microdilution testing according to CLSI and EUCAST guidelines. Moreover, thein vitroactivity of new antifungal agents against dermatophytes was evaluated. Agreement between the mycelial inoculum method and the CLSI broth microdilution method was high (93% to 100%). Echinocandins (minimal effective concentration [MEC], ≤0.5 mg/liter) and posaconazole (MIC, ≤3.00 mg/liter) showed good activity against all tested dermatophytes.

scholarly journals In vitro susceptibility testing of dermatophytes isolated in Goiania, Brazil, against five antifungal agents by broth microdilution method

2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystiane Rodrigues Araújo ◽  
Karla Carvalho Miranda ◽  
Orionalda de Fatima Lisboa Fernandes ◽  
Ailton José Soares ◽  
Maria do Rosário Rodrigues Silva
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Microtiter Plates ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility Testing

The antifungal activities of fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, terbinafine and griseofulvin were tested by broth microdilution technique, against 60 dermatophytes isolated from nail or skin specimens from Goiania city patients, Brazil. In this study, the microtiter plates were incubated at 28 ºC allowing a reading of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) after four days of incubation for Trichophyton mentagrophytes and five days for T. rubrum and Microsporum canis. Most of the dermatophytes had uniform patterns of susceptibility to the antifungal agents tested. Low MIC values as 0.03 µg/mL were found for 33.3%, 31.6% and 15% of isolates for itraconazole, ketoconazole and terbinafine, respectively.

scholarly journals Flow Cytometry Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Pathogenic Yeasts other than Candida albicans and Comparison with the NCCLS Broth Microdilution Test

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 2752-2758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rama Ramani ◽  
Vishnu Chaturvedi
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Nitrogen Base ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

ABSTRACT Candida species other than Candida albicansfrequently cause nosocomial infections in immunocompromised patients. Some of these pathogens have either variable susceptibility patterns or intrinsic resistance against common azoles. The availability of a rapid and reproducible susceptibility-testing method is likely to help in the selection of an appropriate regimen for therapy. A flow cytometry (FC) method was used in the present study for susceptibility testing ofCandida glabrata, Candida guilliermondii,Candida krusei, Candida lusitaniae,Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, andCryptococcus neoformans based on accumulation of the DNA binding dye propidium iodide (PI). The results were compared with MIC results obtained for amphotericin B and fluconazole using the NCCLS broth microdilution method (M27-A). For FC, the yeast inoculum was prepared spectrophotometrically, the drugs were diluted in either RPMI 1640 or yeast nitrogen base containing 1% dextrose, and yeast samples and drug dilutions were incubated with amphotericin B and fluconazole, respectively, for 4 to 6 h. Sodium deoxycholate and PI were added at the end of incubation, and fluorescence was measured with a FACScan flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson). The lowest drug concentration that showed a 50% increase in mean channel fluorescence compared to that of the growth control was designated the MIC. All tests were repeated once. The MICs obtained by FC for all yeast isolates except C. lusitaniae were in very good agreement (within 1 dilution) of the results of the NCCLS broth microdilution method. Paired ttest values were not statistically significant (P = 0.377 for amphotericin B; P = 0.383 for fluconazole). Exceptionally, C. lusitaniae isolates showed higher MICs (2 dilutions or more) than in the corresponding NCCLS broth microdilution method for amphotericin B. Overall, FC antifungal susceptibility testing provided rapid, reproducible results that were statistically comparable to those obtained with the NCCLS method.

scholarly journals Evaluation of semisolid agar method for antifungal susceptibility test of T. rubrum

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Sultana Razia ◽  
Shahida Anwar ◽  
Md. Ruhul Amin Miah ◽  
Najmun Nahar ◽  
Ripon Barua
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility Test ◽  
Mic Value

<p><strong>Background:</strong> With increasing fungal disease many newer antifungal drugs are available with different spectrum of activ­ity. Antifungal susceptibility test will help clinicians for selection of effective drug and thereby treatment of patient.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> The study was undertaken to perform a simple screening drug susceptibility test of T. rnbrum by Semi Solid Agar Antifungal Susceptibility (SAAS) <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Method:</strong> Perfonnance of susceptibility method was assessed by comparing the MICs of three commonly prescribed antifungal agents namely- tluconazole (FCZ), itraconazole (ITZ) and terbinafine (TER) to the CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute) recommended M-38, a broth microdilution method. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results:</strong> In SAAS method, among twenty nine T. rubrum, twenty five (86.2%) were susceptible (MIC range 0.5-64 µg/ml) to Fluconazole (FCZ) and four (13.7%) were resistant (MIC value &gt;64 µg/ml). In broth microdilution method, among twenty nine T. rubrum, twenty six (89.6%) were susceptible (MIC range 0.3-64 µg/ml) to FCZ and three (10.3%) were resistant (MIC value &gt;64 µg/ml). In case of both ITZ and TER, all were susceptible (MIC range 0.3-64 µg/ml) to both methods. The SAAS method demonstrated the susceptibility pattern of T. rubrum against FCZ, ITZ and TER usually within 72 to 96 hours after organism isolation and results were concordance with the results of CLSI broth microdilution method. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Though it is a newer method with proper standardization of the test method, SAAS method is simple and easily applicable screening method for susceptibility testing of antifungal agents against dermatophytes in any microbiology laboratories.</p>

scholarly journals In vitro activity of a new echinocandin, LY303366, compared with those of amphotericin B and fluconazole against clinical yeast isolates.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1156-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Uzun ◽  
S Kocagöz ◽  
Y Cetinkaya ◽  
S Arikan ◽  
S Unal
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

The in vitro activity of LY303366, a new echinocandin derivative, was evaluated with 191 yeast isolates by a broth microdilution method. The MICs at which 50% of the isolates were inhibited were 0.125 microg/ml for Candida albicans and C. tropicalis, 0.25 microg/ml for C. krusei, C. kefyr, and C. glabrata, and 2.0 microg/ml for C. parapsilosis.

scholarly journals Antifungal Susceptibility of Dermatophytes Isolated From Cutaneous Fungal Infections: The Vietnamese Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-249
Author(s):  
Chau Van Tro ◽  
Khuong Ho Thi Ngoc ◽  
Thuong Nguyen Van ◽  
Khang Tran Hau ◽  
Marco Gandolfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Direct Examination ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Vietnamese Population

AIM: Evaluate the resistance of dermatophytes to systemic antifungal drugs in the Vietnamese population. METHODS: We enrolled 101 patients with cutaneous dermatophytosis at the Dermato-Venereology hospital in HCMC from August 2016 to March 2017. All the specimens were subjected to direct examination (10% KOH mount) and culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar. In vitro antifungal sensitivity testing was done on species isolated from a culture with broth microdilution method. RESULTS: Direct microscopy was positive for dermatophytes in all patients. However this pathogen was found in fungal cultures in only 61.38% of patients. The main causative agent isolated was Trichophyton spp. (90.3%), followed by Microsporum spp. (8%) and Epidermophyton spp. (1.7%). Trichophyton spp. Has shown resistance to fluconazole, griseofulvin, ketoconazole, and itraconazole in 92.9%, 46.4%, 5.4% and 1.8% of strains, respectively. All Microsporum spp. Strains were found resistant to fluconazole and griseofulvin while resistance to ketoconazole was demonstrated in only 20% of strains and none of them was resistant to itraconazole. Epidermophyton spp strains were all resistant to fluconazole, griseofulvin, ketoconazole while none of them was resistant to itraconazole. CONCLUSION: Based upon our results, Itraconazole shows the greatest probability of efficacy in the treatment of cutaneous dermatophytosis in Vietnamese patients.

scholarly journals New sulfone and sulfanyl derivatives with antifungal activity

2018 ◽  
pp. 175-184
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Gizińska ◽  
Marzena Połaska ◽  
Zbigniew Ochal ◽  
Monika Staniszewska
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Fungal Morphogenesis ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Base Structure

Introduction: Increasing occurrence of fungal infections raises the need to develop novel antifungal agents. In this context, an inhibition of morphological switch may provide an alternative approach to find compounds with a potential to control the Candida albicans infections. Methods: A series of 17 sulfone and sulfanyl derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for activity against the C. albicans wild type (SC5314, ATCC) and SAP-deficient mutant strains using the broth microdilution method M27-A3. Afterwards, phase-contrast microscopy was applied to evaluate the inhibition of fungal morphogenesis under the influence of randomly selected active compounds: 1, 5 and 6. Results: By in vitro susceptibility testing of C. albicans, we identified the effective antifungal agents displaying moderate-to-good activity. Newly synthesized sulfanyl and sulfone derivatives strongly inhibited the C. albicans morphogenetic transition under the hyphae inducing conditions. Conclusions: The leading compound 6 has the potential to be used as a base structure in antifungal drug development, however further structural optimalization and toxicity studies are required.

scholarly journals Effect of pH on the In Vitro Activities of Amphotericin B, Itraconazole, and Flucytosine against Aspergillus Isolates

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 3147-3150 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. A. Te Dorsthorst ◽  
J. W. Mouton ◽  
C. J. P. van den Beukel ◽  
H. A. L. van der Lee ◽  
J. F. G. M. Meis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Yeast Nitrogen Base ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Nitrogen Base ◽  
The Poor

ABSTRACT The in vitro susceptibilities of 21 Aspergillus isolates were tested against three antifungal agents in RPMI 1640 and yeast nitrogen base at pH 5.0 and 7.0 by a broth microdilution format of the NCCLS method. The MICs of amphotericin B and itraconazole were higher, while those of flucytosine were lower, at pH 5.0 than at pH 7.0. The poor correlation between in vitro results and clinical outcome could be due to a difference in pH between the in vitro susceptibility test and at the site of infection.

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