An approach with multi-tier automotive knowledge formalization for troubleshooting activities

Automotive troubleshooting process integrates repairing activities that are executed through auto professionals when they note phenomenon or conditions and determine about inspections, instructions, or checks, so as to tackle the trouble that affects a car. This study is focused on the knowledge representation for the aim of decision making in automotive troubleshooting process for automotive braking system. To reach this purpose, there are three phases followed: (1) a knowledge representation with procedural mode is investigated from an aspect of decision making; (2) a simple, instinctive, and efficient architecture of automotive knowledge formalization is presented; (3) an approach to generate troubleshooting procedures is defined. A new form, named diagram of expanded transformation (DoET), to represent knowledge and depict three fundamental tiers of decision making in the present or future disposal: processing strategy, quantity, and inapplicability. The approach can be also utilized manually to create DoETs from auto repair manuals (ARMs) or to build them spontaneously applying the messages feasible on workshop lists regarding single, multi-tier troubleshooting processes. The DoETs with auto repair manuals for auto braking system is validated. The acquired model can be utilized as a base structure for troubleshooting assisted systems generation.

Chemical Profiling, Bioactivity Evaluation and the Discovery of a Novel Biopigment Produced by Penicillium purpurogenum CBS 113139

Biobased pigments are environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic variants with an increased market demand. Production of pigments via fermentation is a promising process, yet optimization of the production yield and rate is crucial. Herein, we evaluated the potential of Penicillium purpurogenum to produce biobased pigments. Optimum sugar concentration was 30 g/L and optimum C:N ratio was 36:1 resulting in the production of 4.1–4.5 AU (namely Pigment Complex A). Supplementation with ammonium nitrate resulted in the production of 4.1–4.9 AU (namely Pigment Complex B). Pigments showed excellent pH stability. The major biopigments in Pigment Complex A were N-threonyl-rubropunctamin or the acid form of PP-R (red pigment), N-GABA-PP-V (violet pigment), PP-O (orange pigment) and monascorubrin. In Pigment Complex B, a novel biopigment annotated as N-GLA-PP-V was identified. Its basic structure contains a polyketide azaphilone with the same carboxyl-monascorubramine base structure as PP-V (violet pigment) and γ-carboxyglutamic acid (GLA). The pigments were not cytotoxic up to 250 μg/mL.

Evolution mechanism of cyclized structure of PAN-based pre-oxidized fiber during low temperature carbonization process

The low temperature carbonization process is an important stage to realize the structural transition from the organic cyclized structure of PAN based pre-oxidized fiber to the inorganic pseudo-graphite structure of the ultimate carbon fiber. In the present paper, the evolution mechanism of cyclized structure and aggregation structure of PAN stabilized fiber during low temperature carbonization was studied by means of TGA, 13C-NMR, XRD, XPS and Raman. The results indicated that when the heat-treated temperature was lower than 450 °C, the mainly chemical reactions were the dehydrogenation and pyrolysis reactions in acyclic linear molecular chain or partial cyclized structure. At this stage, the growth of cyclized structure was not obvious. While the original ordered structure was destroyed gradually and the internal stress increased significantly. It induced the cyclized structure to be further oriented. When the temperature was higher than 450 °C, the polycondensation and reconstruction in aromatic heterocyclic structure was more important. The early aromatic heterocycles had many different structural scales, poor homogeneity and many defects in the heterocycles. At this stage, a new pseudo-graphite crystalline structure gradually formed and the d-spacing of graphite layer decreased slightly and crystallites size increased slowly with the increase of heat-treated temperature. When the temperature was higher than 550 °C, the pseudo-graphite base structure gradually formed. The d-spacing were further reduced slightly, and the crystallites size increased slowly. A new ordered basis structure was gradually developed into carbon fiber.

INFORMATIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT AS A BASIS FOR PREVENTING MAN-MADE ACCIDENTS

the article presents the principles and algorithms of the finite element method in solving geotechnical prob-lems taking into account seismic impacts for determining the stress-strain state of structures and slope stabil-ity, implemented in the Midas GTS NX software package. GTS NX allows you to perform calculations of various types of geotechnical problems and solve complex geotechnical problems in a single software envi-ronment. GTS NX covers the entire range of engineering and geotechnical projects, including calculations of the "base-structure" system, deep pits with various mounting options, tunnels of complex shape, consolida-tion and filtration calculations, as well as calculations for dynamic actions and stability calculations. At the same time, all types of calculations in GTS NX can be performed both in 2D and in 3D. The author does not claim to be the author of the finite element method, but he cannot do without pointing out the basic equa-tions, as this affects the definition of the boundaries of use, the formulation of algorithms for constructing calculation schemes and the analysis of calculation results.

The E-Filing Tax Implementation Success Examined From The Taxpayer Agency as User

This study aimed at analyzing the effect of system quality, information quality, and service quality to the implementation of e-Filing tax system on net benefits with user satisfaction as an intervening variable at the Pratama Palembang Ilir Barat Tax Service Office (TSO). This research was a quantitative study with survey approach through distributing questionnaires to 350 respondents as samples. To analyze the data, Covariance Base Structure Equation Modeling (CB-SEM) was used. The results indicated that the quality of systems, information and service positively and significantly affected the user satisfaction with the percentage of 16%, 20%, and 26%, respectively. Likewise, the e-Filing user satisfaction had a positive and significant effect on the net benefits with the percentage of 64%. The results of this study recommend that, despite its being mandatory, the implementation of e-Filing system could provide satisfaction to the users. This indicated that the system is currently as expected; not only due to its being mandatory, but the users satisfaction also contributed to the system’s sustainability. The output of the services provided in the form of taxpayer compliance, however, has not shown optimal results. Thus, a continuous reformation of the system, information, and service quality is hoped to be conducted.

Simulation Study of Balancing Arm Arrangement for Controlling Base Disturbances in Long Reach Manipulators

The dynamics of the Long Reach Manipulators create disturbances in its supporting base structure. This causes positional and attitude inaccuracies of the end-effector, thwarting the accomplishment of the desired mission task. Hence the base disturbance problem has been a subject of research since long time bringing solutions from varied domains. This paper analyzes the balance link concept for compensating the disturbances. The LRM system is modelled as a two-link serial chain with payload, and the balance arm, as a single link with tip mass that is dynamically varied by controlling the quantity of the hydraulic fluid in the bellows-like reservoir at the tip. The supporting base is modelled as a half car. Simultaneous constraint matrices are set up for the arrangement, and dynamic simulation is performed using SIMULINK. The pitch and bounce motions of the base are studied along with the torque error during compensation. The simulation plots are obtained for two conditions of compensating arm¾with fixed tip mass and with varying tip mass. The results confirm the suitability of the suggested compensating arrangement in controlling base disturbances.