scholarly journals The Value of Routine Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis of Intraocular Fluid Specimens in the Diagnosis of Infectious Posterior Uveitis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius A. Scheepers ◽  
Karin A. Lecuona ◽  
Graeme Rogers ◽  
Catey Bunce ◽  
Craig Corcoran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Posterior Uveitis ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Intraocular Fluid

Objective. To assess the value of routine polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis on intraocular fluid from patients presenting with a first episode of suspected active infectious posterior uveitis in a population with a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection.Design. Retrospective, interventional case series.Participants. 159 consecutive patients presenting at a tertiary care hospital over a five-year period.Methods. PCR analysis was performed for cytomegalovirus, varicella zoster virus, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2,Toxoplasma gondii, andMycobacterium tuberculosis.Results. PCR analysis confirmed the initial clinical diagnosis in 55 patients (35%) and altered the initial clinical diagnosis in 36 patients (23%). The clinical diagnosis prior to PCR testing was nonspecific (uncertain) in 51 patients (32%), with PCR providing a definitive final diagnosis in 20 of these patients (39%); necrotizing herpetic retinopathy and ocular toxoplasmosis were particularly difficult to diagnose correctly without the use of PCR analysis.Conclusion. The clinical phenotype alone was unreliable in diagnosing the underlying infectious cause in a quarter of patients in this study. Since the outcome of incorrectly treated infective uveitis can be blinding, PCR analysis of ocular fluids is recommended early in the disease even in resource poor settings.

scholarly journals Isolation and identification of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in paediatric diarrhoeal patients by detection of bfpA gene by PCR

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 02-05
Author(s):  
Shimu Saha ◽  
Sanya Tahmina Jhora ◽  
Shikha Paul ◽  
Israt Jahan Azmi ◽  
Tarek Mahbub Khan
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Polymerase Chain

This study has been undertaken to investigate the isolation and identification of EPEC strains from paediatric diarrhoeal patients.Total 300 samples were studied.Two hundred and seventy two samples from patients with diarrhoea and  28 samples from control children were collected from two tertiary care hospital. Esch. coli was isolated and identified from all the 300 samples including patient and control using standard microbiological techniques. EPEC strains were identified on the basis of  presence of bundle forming pilus (bfpA) gene. Out of 272 samples from diarrhoeal patient only Esch. coli was isolated from 240 (88.2%) samples. Shigella spp. with Esch. coli were isolated from 27 (10%) specimens and Salmonella spp. with Esch. coli were isolated from 5 (1.8%) samples. Among 272 samples 20 (7.35%) isolates were identified as EPEC on the basis of presence of bfpA gene detected by polymerase chain reaction. EPEC strains were identified from those 240 samples, from which Esch. coli had been isolated only. No EPEC strain was identified  from control children. Rapid and reliable detection of EPEC is required for successful microbiological surveillance and for treatment of EPEC mediated diarrhoeal disease. bfpA gene detection by polymerase chain reaction can be a appropriate method where facilities for polymerase chain reaction are available.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v7i2.19324 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2013; 07(02): 2-5

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Viral Anterior Uveitis in Southern Taiwan—Diagnosis with Polymerase Chain Reaction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ting Hsiao ◽  
Ming-Tse Kuo ◽  
Wei-Yu Chiang ◽  
Tsai-Ling Chao ◽  
Hsi-Kung Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Anterior Uveitis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Southern Taiwan ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background To report the epidemiology and clinical features of viral anterior uveitis in patients in southern Taiwan. Methods A retrospective, case series study. HLA-B27 negative anterior uveitis patients with increased intraocular pressure or corneal edema seen at Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from January 1, 2007 to January 31, 2018 had their aqueous sent for polymerase chain reaction analysis. Their records were reviewed for demographic data, ocular findings, and laboratory results. Results In the aqueous samples obtained from 102 eligible eyes, 42 eyes were herpesviridae-positive, which included 9 with herpes simplex virus (8.8%), 5 with varicella-zoster virus (4.9%), 27 with cytomegalovirus (26.5%), and 1 with Epstein-Barr virus (1%). Herpesviridae-positive patients were more likely to be male, and have glaucoma. Glaucoma and pseudophakic eyes were significantly associated with CMV-positive eyes. Conclusion PCR analysis of the anterior chamber fluid is important for the confirmation of the diagnosis of viral anterior uveitis. Cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis is not uncommon in patients in southern Taiwan, and it may follow an uneventful cataract extraction in immunocompetent patients.

Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cycle threshold and Clostridioides difficile infection outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Byungwoo Choi ◽  
Ken Koon Wong ◽  
Aaron N. Dunn ◽  
Robert Butler ◽  
Thomas G. Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cycle Threshold ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Objective: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) causes significant morbidity and mortality; however, the diagnosis of CDI remains controversial. The primary aim of our study was to evaluate the association of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cycle threshold (Ct) values with CDI disease severity, recurrence, and mortality among adult patients with CDI. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Single tertiary-care hospital. Patients: Adult patients diagnosed with hospital-onset, healthcare facility–associated CDI from June 2014 to September 2015. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of included patients. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression methods were used to evaluate the association between Ct values and CDI severity, 8-week recurrence, and 30-day mortality. Results: Among 318 included patients, 51% were male and the mean age was 62 years; ~32% of the patients developed severe CDI and 11% developed severe–complicated CDI. The 30-day all-cause mortality rate was 11% and the 8-week recurrence rate was 9.5%. The overall mean Ct value was 32.9 (range, 23–40). Multivariable analyses showed that lower values of PCR Ct were associated with increased odds of 30-day morality (odds ratio [OR] 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72–0.96) but were not independently associated with CDI severity (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.90–1.09) or recurrence (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.77–1.00). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that PCR Ct values at the time of diagnosis may have a limited predictive value and utility in clinical decision making for inpatients with CDI. Larger, prospective studies across different patient populations are needed to confirm our findings.

scholarly journals Reinfection of SARS-CoV-2: reports of three cases from a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Md Jubaidul Islam ◽  
Jamal Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Injamam Ull Haque
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious respiratory and vascular disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). First identified in Wuhan, China, it has caused an ongoing pandemic. Some viruses give us lifelong immunity after first infection and initially researchers thought that SARS-CoV-2 infection may give lifelong immunity after first infection but few cases of reinfection are reported both locally and internationally. We report 3 symptomatic cases of reinfection, diagnosed clinically and confirmed by positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2. So, everybody who survived an infection of SARS-Cov-2, should maintain universal masking and social distancing. Birdem Med J 2020; 10, COVID Supplement: 107-110

scholarly journals Prevalence of COVID-19 Positive Cases Diagnosed by Real time Polymerase Chain Reaction in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (235) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khilasa Pokharel ◽  
Bhavesh Mishra ◽  
Anup Karki
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Introduction: The virus that causes COVID-19 is known as severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2. This new variant of Corona Virus introduced in China has urged the massive health system resources to focus on its screening and management of sick patients worldwide. We aimed to find the prevalence of COVID-19 positive cases diagnosed by Real-time polymerase chain reaction in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted from 11th of November to 15th December 2020. Nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal swabs were collected, and confirmation of cases of COVID-19 was done based on the detection of viral ribonucleic acid by nucleic acid amplification tests such as real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions. The viral genes targeted include the E, N, and ORF. Results: A total of 15247 samples have been processed, of which s (14.81%) positive cases were included in this study. There were 1427 (63.19%) male and 831 (36.68%) females. The majority of the cases were asymptomatic 1386 (61.38%). The most common age group infected was between 15 to 40 years, 841 (58.93%) male and 542 (65.22%) females. The most common presenting symptoms were cough 315 (13.95%) and fever 306 (13.55%). Conclusions: Most of the individuals reported for real-time polymerase chain reaction were asymptomatic patients who might be contagious and have the potential to transmit infection. Among symptomatic cases, common symptoms were cough and fever.

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