scholarly journals High Genetic Diversity ofEnterococcus faeciumandEnterococcus faecalisClinical Isolates by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis and Multilocus Sequence Typing from a Hospital in Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poh Leng Weng ◽  
Ramliza Ramli ◽  
Mariana Nor Shamsudin ◽  
Yoke-Kqueen Cheah ◽  
Rukman Awang Hamat
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

Little is known on the genetic relatedness and potential dissemination of particular enterococcal clones in Malaysia. We studied the antibiotic susceptibility profiles ofEnterococcus faeciumandEnterococcus faecalisand subjected them to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).E. faeciumandE. faecalisdisplayed 27 and 30 pulsotypes, respectively, and 10 representativeE. faeciumandE. faecalisisolates (five each) yielded few different sequence types (STs): ST17 (2 isolates), ST78, ST203, and ST601 forE. faecium, and ST6, ST16, ST28, ST179, and ST399 forE. faecalis. Resistance to tazobactam-piperacillin and ampicillin amongstE. faeciumisolates was highly observed as compared toE. faecalisisolates. All of the isolates were sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin. The presence of epidemic and nosocomial strains of selectedE. faeciumSTs: 17, 78, and 203 andE. faecalisST6 as well as high rates of resistance to multiple antibiotics amongstE. faeciumisolates is of a particular concern.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Molecular Analysis of Penicillin-Nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates in Poland

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Sadowy ◽  
Radosław Izdebski ◽  
Anna Skoczyńska ◽  
Paweł Grzesiowski ◽  
Marek Gniadkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Related Clone ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT β-Lactams are the drugs of choice for the treatment of infections caused by the important bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae. The recent growth of resistance of this organism to penicillin observed worldwide is of the highest concern. In this study, using 887 surveillance pneumococcal isolates recovered in Poland from 1998 to 2002, we observed the increase in penicillin nonsusceptibility from 8.7% to 20.3%. All of the 109 penicillin-nonsusceptible S. pneumoniae (PNSP) isolates identified, together with 22 archival PNSP isolates from 1995 to 1997, were subsequently analyzed by susceptibility testing, serotyping, profiling of pbp genes, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Four predominant serotypes, serotypes 6B, 9V, 14, and 23F, characterized 85.5% of the isolates. MLST revealed the presence of 34 sequence types, 15 of which were novel types. Representatives of seven multiresistant international clones (Spain23F-1, Spain6B-2, Spain9V-3, Taiwan23F-15, Poland23F-16, Poland6B-20, and Sweden15A-25) or their closely related variants comprised the majority of the study isolates. The spread of Spain9V-3 and its related clone of serotype 14/ST143 has remarkably contributed to the recent increase in penicillin resistance in pneumococci in the country.

scholarly journals Intermediately virulent Rhodococcus equi isolates from pigs in Slovenia: discovery of new plasmid types and assessment of genetic diversity by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pate ◽  
M. Ocepek ◽  
I. Zdovc ◽  
C. Minato ◽  
Y. Ohtsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Rhodococcus Equi ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Large Plasmids ◽  
Multiple Strains ◽  
Pfge Profiles

The presence of large plasmids in 30 <I>Rhodococcus equi</I> strains isolated from pig lymph nodes with granulomatous changes was investigated. Plasmid DNAs were isolated and digested with the restriction endonucleases <I>Bam</I>HI, <I>Eco</I>RI, <I>Eco</I>T22I and <I>Hind</I>III for detailed comparison and estimation of plasmid sizes. A total of nine isolates were identified as intermediately virulent (VapB-positive), harbouring large plasmids of type 5 (<I>n</I> = 5) and four new variants that we tentatively designated as type 19 (<I>n</I> = 1), 20 (<I>n</I> = 1), 21 (<I>n</I> = 1) and 24 (<I>n</I> = 1). All isolates were subjected to genotyping with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). High genetic diversity was observed: 21 distinct genotypes were detected; five were found in multiple isolates and the others were unique. Isolates of the same plasmid type exhibited different PFGE profiles and vice versa. In a few cases, multiple strains from certain farms were analysed, the majority of which exhibited diverse PFGE profiles. Our findings demonstrate the presence of a wide variety of <I>R. equi</I> strains even in small confined environments such as farms. This is the first molecular epidemiology study of intermediately virulent <I>R. equi</I> isolates from Slovenian pigs.

scholarly journals High Genetic Diversity of Ciprofloxacin-Nonsusceptible Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Poland

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 2126-2129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Sadowy ◽  
Radosław Izdebski ◽  
Anna Skoczyńska ◽  
Marek Gniadkowski ◽  
Waleria Hryniewicz
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Respiratory Tract Diseases ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Great Genetic Diversity

ABSTRACT We have analyzed the susceptibility to ciprofloxacin of 697 pneumococcal isolates collected in 1998-2002 in Poland from patients with respiratory tract diseases. Thirty-one ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible isolates (MICs, ≥4 μg/ml) were identified, of which two were resistant to levofloxacin (MIC, 8 μg/ml). Serotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multilocus sequence typing, and the analysis of resistance determinants showed their great genetic diversity.

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolates from broilers and pigs in Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1311-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusadee Phongaran ◽  
Seri Khang-Air ◽  
Sunpetch Angkititrakul
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate

Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Salmonella spp., and the genetic relatedness between isolates from broilers and pigs at slaughterhouses in Thailand. Materials and Methods: Fecal samples (604 broilers and 562 pigs) were collected from slaughterhouses from April to July 2018. Salmonella spp. were isolated and identified according to the ISO 6579:2002. Salmonella-positive isolates were identified using serotyping and challenged with nine antimicrobial agents: Amoxicillin/clavulanate (AMC, 30 μg), ampicillin (AMP, 10 μg), ceftazidime (30 μg), chloramphenicol (30 μg), ciprofloxacin (CIP, 5 μg), nalidixic acid (NAL, 30 μg), norfloxacin (10 μg), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT, 25 μg), and tetracycline (TET, 30 μg). Isolates of the predominant serovar Salmonella Typhimurium were examined for genetic relatedness using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: Salmonella was detected in 18.05% of broiler isolates and 37.54% of pig isolates. The most common serovars were Kentucky, Give, and Typhimurium in broilers and Rissen, Typhimurium, and Weltevreden in pigs. Among broilers, isolates were most commonly resistant to antibiotics, NAL, AMP, TET, AMC, and CIP. Pig isolates most commonly exhibited antimicrobial resistance against AMP, TET, and SXT. Based on PFGE results among 52 S. Typhimurium isolates from broilers and pigs, a high genetic relatedness between broiler and pig isolates (85% similarity) in Cluster A and C from PFGE result was identified. Conclusion: The results revealed high cross-contamination between these two animal species across various provinces in Thailand. Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, broilers, pigs, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, Salmonella spp.

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