Comparison of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and three rep-PCR methods for evaluating the genetic relatedness ofStenotrophomonas maltophiliaisolates

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-W. Lin ◽  
C.-S. Chiou ◽  
Y.-C. Chang ◽  
T.-C. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolates from broilers and pigs in Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1311-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusadee Phongaran ◽  
Seri Khang-Air ◽  
Sunpetch Angkititrakul
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate

Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Salmonella spp., and the genetic relatedness between isolates from broilers and pigs at slaughterhouses in Thailand. Materials and Methods: Fecal samples (604 broilers and 562 pigs) were collected from slaughterhouses from April to July 2018. Salmonella spp. were isolated and identified according to the ISO 6579:2002. Salmonella-positive isolates were identified using serotyping and challenged with nine antimicrobial agents: Amoxicillin/clavulanate (AMC, 30 μg), ampicillin (AMP, 10 μg), ceftazidime (30 μg), chloramphenicol (30 μg), ciprofloxacin (CIP, 5 μg), nalidixic acid (NAL, 30 μg), norfloxacin (10 μg), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT, 25 μg), and tetracycline (TET, 30 μg). Isolates of the predominant serovar Salmonella Typhimurium were examined for genetic relatedness using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: Salmonella was detected in 18.05% of broiler isolates and 37.54% of pig isolates. The most common serovars were Kentucky, Give, and Typhimurium in broilers and Rissen, Typhimurium, and Weltevreden in pigs. Among broilers, isolates were most commonly resistant to antibiotics, NAL, AMP, TET, AMC, and CIP. Pig isolates most commonly exhibited antimicrobial resistance against AMP, TET, and SXT. Based on PFGE results among 52 S. Typhimurium isolates from broilers and pigs, a high genetic relatedness between broiler and pig isolates (85% similarity) in Cluster A and C from PFGE result was identified. Conclusion: The results revealed high cross-contamination between these two animal species across various provinces in Thailand. Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, broilers, pigs, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, Salmonella spp.

scholarly journals Genetic Relatedness of Recently Collected Spanish Respiratory Tract Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates with Reduced Susceptibility to Amoxicillin

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 3637-3639 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pérez-Trallero ◽  
J. M. Marimón ◽  
A. González ◽  
C. García-Rey ◽  
L. Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field

ABSTRACT Of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from 17 hospitals, 9.8% were amoxicillin nonsusceptible (MIC ≥ 4 μg/ml). The genetic relatedness of 138 isolates was studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Although 44 different clones were detected, more than 62% of these isolates were related to four clones (Spain23F-1, Spain6B-2, Spain9V-3, and Spain14-5).

scholarly journals Dissemination of a Chloramphenicol- and Tetracycline-Resistant but Penicillin-Susceptible Invasive Clone of Serotype 5 Streptococcus pneumoniae in Colombia

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2337-2342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Tamayo ◽  
Raquel Sá-Leão ◽  
Ilda Santos Sanches ◽  
Elizabeth Castañeda ◽  
Hermínia de Lencastre
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Dna Probes ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Period ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Serotype 5

A national surveillance conducted in Colombia between 1994 and 1996 identified serotype 5 Streptococcus pneumoniae as the second most frequent cause of invasive disease in children younger than 5 years of age. All 43 serotype 5 isolates collected during this period were shown to be susceptible to penicillin, erythromycin, cefotaxime, and vancomycin, but most (38 of 43, or 88%) were highly resistant to chloramphenicol. In order to clarify a possible genetic relatedness among these isolates, additional microbiological and molecular characterizations were performed. Most (40 of 43, or 93%) of the isolates were found to be resistant to tetracycline. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns of chromosomal DNAs revealed that all the 43 isolates were closely related and that 38 of the 43 isolates were representatives of a “Colombian clone” of S. pneumoniae isolates which were recovered throughout the 3-year surveillance period from patients in 13 hospitals located in five Colombian cities. Isolates belonging to this Colombian clone were resistant to chloramphenicol and tetracycline, hybridized with thecat and tetM DNA probes in the same 340-kbSmaI fragment, and had identical PFGE patterns after bothSmaI and ApaI digestions.

scholarly journals Application of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis and Binary Typing as Tools in Veterinary Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Epidemiologic Analysis of Bovine and HumanStaphylococcus aureus Isolates

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1931-1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Zadoks ◽  
Willem van Leeuwen ◽  
Herman Barkema ◽  
Otlis Sampimon ◽  
Henri Verbrugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Strain Characterization ◽  
Single Host

Thirty-eight bovine mammary Staphylococcus aureusisolates from diverse clinical, temporal, and geographical origins were genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) afterSmaI digestion of prokaryotic DNA and by means of binary typing using 15 strain-specific DNA probes. Seven pulsed-field types and four subtypes were identified, as were 16 binary types. Concordant delineation of genetic relatedness was documented by both techniques, yet based on practical and epidemiological considerations, binary typing was the preferable method. Genotypes of bovine isolates were compared to 55 previously characterized human S. aureusisolates through cluster analysis of binary types. Genetic clusters containing strains of both human and bovine origin were found, but bacterial genotypes were predominantly associated with a single host species. Binary typing proved an excellent tool for comparison ofS. aureus strains, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus, derived from different host species and from different databases. For 28 bovine S. aureus isolates, detailed clinical observations in vivo were compared to strain typing results in vitro. Associations were found between distinct genotypes and severity of disease, suggesting strain-specific bacterial virulence. Circumstantial evidence furthermore supports strain-specific routes of bacterial dissemination. We conclude that PFGE and binary typing can be successfully applied for genetic analysis of S. aureusisolates from bovine mammary secretions. Binary typing in particular is a robust and simple method and promises to become a powerful tool for strain characterization, for resolution of clonal relationships of bacteria within and between host species, and for identification of sources and transmission routes of bovine S. aureus.

scholarly journals High Genetic Diversity ofEnterococcus faeciumandEnterococcus faecalisClinical Isolates by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis and Multilocus Sequence Typing from a Hospital in Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poh Leng Weng ◽  
Ramliza Ramli ◽  
Mariana Nor Shamsudin ◽  
Yoke-Kqueen Cheah ◽  
Rukman Awang Hamat
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

Little is known on the genetic relatedness and potential dissemination of particular enterococcal clones in Malaysia. We studied the antibiotic susceptibility profiles ofEnterococcus faeciumandEnterococcus faecalisand subjected them to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).E. faeciumandE. faecalisdisplayed 27 and 30 pulsotypes, respectively, and 10 representativeE. faeciumandE. faecalisisolates (five each) yielded few different sequence types (STs): ST17 (2 isolates), ST78, ST203, and ST601 forE. faecium, and ST6, ST16, ST28, ST179, and ST399 forE. faecalis. Resistance to tazobactam-piperacillin and ampicillin amongstE. faeciumisolates was highly observed as compared toE. faecalisisolates. All of the isolates were sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin. The presence of epidemic and nosocomial strains of selectedE. faeciumSTs: 17, 78, and 203 andE. faecalisST6 as well as high rates of resistance to multiple antibiotics amongstE. faeciumisolates is of a particular concern.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of atypical Aeromonas salmonicida studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-L. HÄNNINEN ◽  
V. HIRVELÄ-KOSKI
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Heterogeneity ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Pfge Pattern ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Pulsed Field

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern analysis with XbaI restriction enzyme was used to study the genetic heterogeneity of 88 atypical Aeromonas salmonicida strains which were earlier or during this study characterized phenotypically, by ribotyping (ClaI/PstI) and by plasmid profile analysis. The strains of certain ribotypes were also analysed by digestion with SpeI. The strains represented different geographic locations: Finland (72 strains), Iceland (5 strains), Norway (5 strains), Sweden (4 strains) and Denmark (2 strains), and they were from 17 fish species during 1981–97. Thirty-one PFGE genotypes found among these strains correlated well with the ribotypes, and in most cases PFGE pattern analysis subdivided ribotypes into several PFGE genotypes, and further within a PFGE genotype into subtypes. XbaI and SpeI digests produced concordant results. In most cases, PFGE patterns of strains with the same ribotype shared many fragments, suggesting genetic relatedness. PFGE patterns of most Norwegian and Icelandic strains isolated during an approximately 10-year period had the same ribotype and their PFGE patterns shared most fragments, suggesting close genetic relatedness. Moreover, atypical strains of ribotypes B/B and H/H isolated from the same Finnish fish farms had closely related patterns suggesting genetic stability and persistence of these genotypes. Genotype 29 of Achromogenic strains was strongly associated with disease of Finnish arctic char and grayling. PFGE was shown to be a distinguishing method to study the genetic heterogeneity of atypical A. salmonicida. This method is applicable to studies of the epidemiology of these infections.

scholarly journals Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis as a Molecular Tool for Characterizing Genomes of Certain Food-Borne Bacterial Isolates - A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha Pal
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Typing Method ◽  
Gold Standard Method ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Food Borne

The evolutionary transition from phenotypic to molecular analysis of infectious disease in bacterial epidemiology led to the search for suitable approaches to ascertain genomic relatedness or heterogeneity between bacterial clinical isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) technique was developed for separating and analyzing long DNA fragments of several megabases in alternating electric field. Comparison of electrophoresis profiles of restriction enzyme-digested genomic DNA from bacterial isolates has proved to be a useful epidemiological tool for genetic discrimination of bacterial strains, detection of genetic relatedness, to locate the source of outbreak and to monitor the spread of the microorganisms in endemic zones. PFGE is considered as a gold standard method for typing of bacterial isolates because of the remarkable endurance of this technique as a typing method for the last 20 years in molecular epidemiology. In this current review the pros and cons of PFGE use in current molecular microbiological research are explored in the context of determination of genome organization of certain food-borne bacterial isolates causing infectious diseases in human beings.

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