scholarly journals Lymphangiogenesis and Its Correlation with the VEGF Expression and the Sentinel Lymph Node in Cutaneous Melanomas

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Buzrla ◽  
Jana Dvorackova ◽  
Oldrich Motyka
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Lymphatic Invasion ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Melanoma Metastasis ◽  
Vegf Expression ◽  
The Status

The aim of the study is to evaluate the density of intratumoral and peritumoral lymphatic vessels in primary cutaneous melanomas and to assess their correlation with the status of sentinel lymph nodes and the VEGF expression in tumor cells and stromal cells. A total of 40 patients were enrolled in the study: the melanomas were radically excised with the extirpation of the sentinel lymph node. The study subjects were divided into two groups: 20 cases with positive and 20 cases with negative sentinel lymph node results. The density of lymphatic vessels was evaluated by the antibody D2-40 and the VEGF expression was investigated in the semiquantitative way. The VEGF expression in melanoma cells and the stromal cells was negative to variable positive at both SLN negative and SLN positive patients in all pT stages. In the group of SLN positive patients, the density of intratumoral lymphatic vessels was low up to moderate, while it was observed to be absent, somewhere on the low level in the group of SLN negative patients. On the other side, the density of peritumoral lymphatic vessels was equally numerous at both SLN negative and SLN positive patients. The lymphatic invasion was found out at 4 SLN positive patients only. The ulceration was chiefly in the group of LN positive patients. The results show that the density of lymphangiogenesis and the intensity of the VEGF expression are considered to be an unreliable predictor of melanoma metastasis to the sentinel lymph node, but the ulceration and the lymphatic invasion can predict the potential for metastasis.

scholarly journals IL-1α secreted by subcapsular sinus macrophages promotes melanoma metastasis in the sentinel lymph node by upregulating STAT3 signaling in the tumor.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Virgilio ◽  
Joy Bordini ◽  
Giulio Sartori ◽  
Irene Latino ◽  
Daniel Molina-Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Melanoma Metastasis ◽  
Metastatic Cells ◽  
Subcapsular Sinus ◽  
Metastatic Microenvironment

During melanoma metastasization, tumor cells originated in the skin migrate via lymphatic vessels to the sentinel lymph node (sLN) in a process that facilitates their spread across the body. Here, we characterized the innate inflammatory responses to melanoma metastasis in the sLN. For this purpose, we confirmed the migration of fluorescent metastatic melanoma cells to the sLN and we characterized the inflammatory response in the metastatic microenvironment. We found that macrophages located in the subcapsular sinus (SSM), produce pro-tumoral IL-1α after recognition of tumor antigens. Moreover, we confirmed that the administration of an anti-IL-1α depleting antibody reduced metastasis. Conversely, the administration of recombinant IL-1α accelerated the lymphatic spreading of the tumor. Additionally, the elimination of the macrophages significantly reduced the progression of the metastatic spread. To understand the mechanism of action of IL-1α in the context of the lymph node microenvironment, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing to dissected metastases obtained from animals treated with an anti-IL-1α blocking antibody. Amongst the different pathways affected, we identified STAT3 as one of the main targets of IL-1α signaling in metastatic cells. Moreover, we found that the anti-IL-1α anti-tumoral effect was not mediated by lymphocytes, as IL-1R1 KO mice did not show any improvement in metastasis growth. Finally, we found a synergistic anti-metastatic effect of the combination of IL-1α blocking and the STAT3 inhibitor (STAT3i) stattic. In summary, we described a new mechanism by which SSM support melanoma metastasis, highlighting a new target for immunotherapy.

Sarginio limfmazgio nustatymas sergant endometriumo vėžiu: nauja chirurginio stadijavimo kryptis

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linas Andreika ◽  
Margarita Montrimaitė ◽  
Juliana Andreičik
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Node Biopsy

Summary. Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries. Biopsy of the sentinel lymph node can be considered as an alternative to full lymphadenectomy. In order to identify sentinel lymph nodes, a tracer substance is injected into the uterus to visualize the lymphatic tract. Commonly used tracer substances are Technetium-99m (99mTc) colloid, blue dyes, and indocyanine green (ICG). In this review the significance of sentinel lymph node biopsy in endometrial cancer management and the technique of the procedure is discussed.

Cytologic Features of Lipogranulomatous Reaction in an Axillary Sentinel Lymph Node

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Jose Antonio Jimenez-Heffernan ◽  
Mariel Valdivia-Mazeyra ◽  
Patricia Muñoz-Hernández ◽  
Consuelo López-Elzaurdia
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Breast Biopsy ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽  
Fat Necrosis ◽  
Histologic Analysis ◽  
Node Biopsy

Introduction: Multinucleated giant cells (MGC) are a rare finding when evaluating axillary sentinel lymph nodes. Some are described as foreign body-type MGC accompanied by foamy macrophages. They have been rarely reported in nodes from patients in which a previous breast biopsy was performed. The tissue damage induced by biopsy results in secondary changes including fat necrosis and hemorrhage that can migrate to axillary nodes. In this report, we illustrate a lipogranulomatous reaction in cytologic samples obtained during a sentinel lymph node examination of a woman previously biopsied because of breast carcinoma. We have found no previous cytologic descriptions and consider it an interesting finding that should be known to avoid diagnostic misinterpretations. Case: A 51-year-old woman underwent mastectomy of the right breast with a sentinel lymph node biopsy at our medical center. One month before, a control mammography revealed suspicious microcalcifications and a vacuum-assisted breast biopsy resulted in a diagnosis of high-grade intraductal carcinoma with comedonecrosis. Surgery with a sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed. The sentinel node was processed as an intraoperative consultation. Frozen sections and air-dried Diff-Quik stained samples were obtained. They showed abundant lymphocytes with MGC and tumoral cells. MGC showed ample cytoplasm with evident vacuoles of variable size. Occasional hemosiderin-laden macrophages were also present. The complete histologic analysis and immunohistochemical studies revealed no malignant cells. Histologic analysis showed, in subcapsular location, occasional MGC phagocyting lipid droplets. Hemosiderin-laden macrophages were a common finding. Conclusion: Lipogranulomas may appear at axillary sentinel lymph nodes because of fat necrosis induced by previous breast biopsy. The most important consideration is not confounding MGC with epithelial cell clusters. This can occur with not well-processed samples, especially if unmounted.

scholarly journals Do axillary sentinel lymph node micrometastases predict involvement of the non-sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer?

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 610
Author(s):  
Ashley Topps ◽  
Emma de Sousa ◽  
Katherine McNamara ◽  
Katherine Miller ◽  
Mohammed Absar
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Micrometastases

scholarly journals Identification of the sentinel lymph node using hemosiderin in locally advanced breast cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 612-618
Author(s):  
PAULO HENRIQUE WALTER DE AGUIAR ◽  
RANNIERE GURGEL FURTADO DE AQUINO ◽  
MAYARA MAIA ALVES ◽  
JULIO MARCUS SOUSA CORREIA ◽  
AYANE LAYNE DE SOUSA OLIVEIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Advanced Breast Cancer ◽  
Locally Advanced Breast Cancer ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽  
Advanced Breast ◽  
Identification Rate

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the agreement rate in the identification of sentinel lymph node using an autologous marker rich in hemosiderin and 99 Technetium (Tc99) in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. Methods: clinical trial phase 1, prospective, non-randomized, of 18 patients with breast cancer and clinically negative axilla stages T2=4cm, T3 and T4. Patients were submitted to sub-areolar injection of hemosiderin 48 hours prior to sentinel biopsy surgery, and the identification rate was compared at intraoperative period to the gold standard marker Tc99. Agreement between methods was determined by Kappa index. Results: identification rate of sentinel lymph node was 88.9%, with a medium of two sentinel lymph nodes per patients. The study identified sentinel lymph nodes stained by hemosiderin in 83.3% patients (n=15), and, compared to Tc99 identification, the agreement rate was 94.4%. Conclusion: autologous marker rich in hemosiderin was effective to identify sentinel lymph nodes in locally advanced breast cancer patients.

Novel quinoline-based near-infrared fluorescent bioimaging probe, KSNP117, for sentinel lymph node mapping

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Elbatrawy ◽  
Da Sol Lee ◽  
Sang Bong Lee ◽  
Hui-Jeon Jeon ◽  
Sijoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽  
Fluorescent Imaging ◽  
Imaging Agents ◽  
Lymph Node Mapping

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging agents with biocompatibility and high sensitivity are urgently required for the accurate detection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). Herein, we report the design of a novel...

Clinical application of the sentinel lymph node technique in early ovarian cancer: a pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Lago ◽  
P Bello ◽  
B Montero ◽  
L Matute ◽  
P Padilla-Iserte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Gamma Probe ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽  
Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging

IntroductionThere is limited evidence favoring the use of the sentinel lymph node technique in ovarian cancer, and no standardized approach has been studied. The objective of the present pilot study is to determine the feasibility of the sentinel lymph node technique by applying a clinical algorithm.MethodsPatients with confirmed ovarian cancer were included. 99mTc and indocyanine green were injected into the ovarian and infundubulo-pelvic ligament stump. A gamma probe and near-infrared fluorescence imaging were used for sentinel lymph node detection.ResultsThe sentinel lymph node technique was performed in ten patients with a detection rate in the pelvic and/or para-aortic region of 100%. The tracer distribution rates of sentinel lymph nodes in the pelvic and para-aortic regions were 87.5% and 70%, respectively.ConclusionThe detection of sentinel lymph nodes in early-stage ovarian cancer appears to be achievable. Based on these results, a clinical trial entitled SENTOV (SENtinel lymph node Technique in OVarian cancer) will be performed.

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