scholarly journals Bioelectrical Impedance Methods for Noninvasive Health Monitoring: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar Kanti Bera
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Impedance Plethysmography ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Impedance Tomography

Under the alternating electrical excitation, biological tissues produce a complex electrical impedance which depends on tissue composition, structures, health status, and applied signal frequency, and hence the bioelectrical impedance methods can be utilized for noninvasive tissue characterization. As the impedance responses of these tissue parameters vary with frequencies of the applied signal, the impedance analysis conducted over a wide frequency band provides more information about the tissue interiors which help us to better understand the biological tissues anatomy, physiology, and pathology. Over past few decades, a number of impedance based noninvasive tissue characterization techniques such as bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), electrical impedance plethysmography (IPG), impedance cardiography (ICG), and electrical impedance tomography (EIT) have been proposed and a lot of research works have been conducted on these methods for noninvasive tissue characterization and disease diagnosis. In this paper BIA, EIS, IPG, ICG, and EIT techniques and their applications in different fields have been reviewed and technical perspective of these impedance methods has been presented. The working principles, applications, merits, and demerits of these methods has been discussed in detail along with their other technical issues followed by present status and future trends.

scholarly journals A LabVIEW-based electrical bioimpedance spectroscopic data interpreter (LEBISDI) for biological tissue impedance analysis and equivalent circuit modelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar Kanti Bera ◽  
Nagaraju Jampana ◽  
Gilles Lubineau
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Circuit Element ◽  
Tissue Impedance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrical Bioimpedance ◽  
Impedance Parameters

Abstract Under an alternating electrical signal, biological tissues produce a complex electrical bioimpedance that is a function of tissue composition and applied signal frequencies. By studying the bioimpedance spectra of biological tissues over a wide range of frequencies, we can noninvasively probe the physiological properties of these tissues to detect possible pathological conditions. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) can provide the spectra that are needed to calculate impedance parameters within a wide range of frequencies. Before impedance parameters can be calculated and tissue information extracted, impedance spectra should be processed and analyzed by a dedicated software program. National Instruments (NI) Inc. offers LabVIEW, a fast, portable, robust, user-friendly platform for designing data-analyzing software. We developed a LabVIEW-based electrical bioimpedance spectroscopic data interpreter (LEBISDI) to analyze the electrical impedance spectra for tissue characterization in medical, biomedical and biological applications. Here, we test, calibrate and evaluate the performance of LEBISDI on the impedance data obtained from simulation studies as well as the practical EIS experimentations conducted on electronic circuit element combinations and the biological tissue samples. We analyze the Nyquist plots obtained from the EIS measurements and compare the equivalent circuit parameters calculated by LEBISDI with the corresponding original circuit parameters to assess the accuracy of the program developed. Calibration studies show that LEBISDI not only interpreted the simulated and circuit-element data accurately, but also successfully interpreted tissues impedance data and estimated the capacitive and resistive components produced by the compositions biological cells. Finally, LEBISDI efficiently calculated and analyzed variation in bioimpedance parameters of different tissue compositions, health and temperatures. LEBISDI can also be used for human tissue impedance analysis for electrical impedance-based tissue characterization, health analysis and disease diagnosis.

scholarly journals Complex conductivity reconstruction in multiple frequency electrical impedance tomography for fabric-based pressure sensor

Sensor Review ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.L. Yang ◽  
A. Mohammed ◽  
Y Mohamadou ◽  
T. I. Oh ◽  
M. Soleimani
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance Tomography ◽  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Complex Impedance ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Multiple Frequency ◽  
Impedance Tomography ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pressure Mapping

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to introduce and to evaluate the performance of a multiple frequency complex impedance reconstruction for fabric-based EIT pressure sensor. Pressure mapping is an important and challenging area of modern sensing technology. It has many applications in areas such as artificial skins in Robotics and pressure monitoring on soft tissue in biomechanics. Fabric-based sensors are being developed in conjunction with electrical impedance tomography (EIT) for pressure mapping imaging. This is potentially a very cost-effective pressure mapping imaging solution in particular for imaging large areas. Fabric-based EIT pressure sensors aim to provide a pressure mapping image using current carrying and voltage sensing electrodes attached on the boundary of the fabric patch. Design/methodology/approach – Recently, promising results are being achieved in conductivity imaging for these sensors. However, the fabric structure presents capacitive behaviour that could also be exploited for pressure mapping imaging. Complex impedance reconstructions with multiple frequencies are implemented to observe both conductivity and permittivity changes due to the pressure applied to the fabric sensor. Findings – Experimental studies on detecting changes of complex impedance on fabric-based sensor are performed. First, electrical impedance spectroscopy on a fabric-based sensor is performed. Secondly, the complex impedance tomography is carried out on fabric and compared with traditional EIT tank phantoms. Quantitative image quality measures are used to evaluate the performance of a fabric-based sensor at various frequencies and against the tank phantom. Originality/value – The paper demonstrates for the first time the useful information on pressure mapping imaging from the permittivity component of fabric EIT. Multiple frequency EIT reconstruction reveals spectral behaviour of the fabric-based EIT, which opens up new opportunities in exploration of these sensors.

scholarly journals The Scope of Body Mass Index (BMI) and other body component measurements

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Németh
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
The Body ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Body Component

This paper presents and compare the scopes of the body component measurement methods and techniques currently in use. Next to the best known and widespread Adolphe Quetelet's Body Mass Index, ‘New Body Mass Index’ created by Prof. Trfethen. Moreover, it presents and compares the bioelectrical impedance analysis and the Electrical Impedance Myographs methods, too. This article aims to go through one by one the body component measurement methods, and to compare the most important feature of them, for a better understanding of their usability.

Monitoring of segmental intra- and extracellular volume changes using electrical impedance spectroscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 2180-2187 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Sasser ◽  
W. A. Gerth ◽  
Y. C. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Fluid Shifts ◽  
Concentration Changes

Osmotically induced cellular volume changes in the perfused rat hindlimb were used to validate the use of bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy as a method for observing fluid shifts between the intracellular and extracellular spaces. Electrical impedance spectra were measured as cell volumes were manipulated by perfusion with Krebs-Henseleit solutions having different concentrations of NaCl. A simple equivalent circuit model of current conduction through the monitored tissue was fit to each measured spectrum to obtain segmental values of the equivalent intracellular resistance, membrane capacitance, and extracellular resistance. These parameters are theoretically governed by variations in the average cell volume fraction and ionic concentrations in the intra- and extracellular fluid spaces. In accord with this theoretical dependence, the parameters changed systematically and reversibly in conformance with both the magnitudes and directions of the perfusate concentration changes and the resultant cell volume changes. Results indicate that bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy, coupled with computer-aided equivalent circuit analysis, can be used to monitor segmental intercompartmental fluid shifts at minute-by-minute resolution.

Electrical Impedance Analysis of Phospholipid Bilayer Membranes for Enabling Engineering Design of Bio-based Devices

2007 ◽  
Vol 1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Sarles ◽  
Vishnu B. Sundaresan ◽  
Donald J. Leo
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Phospholipid Bilayer ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Bilayer Membranes ◽  
Single Aperture

ABSTRACTRecent research at Virginia Tech have shown that active transporter proteins reconstituted into suspended bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs) formed across an array of pores in synthetic substrates can convert chemical energy available in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into electricity. Experimental results from this work show that this system—called BioCell—is capable of 1.7μW of electrical power per square centimeter of BLM area and per 15μL of ATPase enzyme. In support of such a system, the lipid membrane, as host to active biological proteins and channels, must be formed evenly across a porous substrate, remain stable and yet fluid-like for protein folding and activation, and provide sufficient electrical insulation. We report on the formation and characterization using electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of BLMs formed across two types of porous substrates: polycarbonate filters and single-aperture silicon substrates. Equivalent electrical circuits describing the lipid membranes and their supporting substrates are approximated to fit the measured responses. The results show that BLMs formed in some but not all of the 400nm pores of the filters, while the formation of BLMs on the single-aperture silicon substrates was much more consistent.

scholarly journals An Electrokinetically-Driven Microchip for Rapid Entrapment and Detection of Nanovesicles

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Leilei Shi ◽  
Leyla Esfandiari
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Early Disease ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Rapid Characterization ◽  
Impedance Sensor

Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) has been widely used as a label-free and rapid characterization method for the analysis of cells in clinical research. However, the related work on exosomes (40–150 nm) and the particles of similar size has not yet been reported. In this study, we developed a new Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC) device to rapidly entrap a cluster of sub-micron particles, including polystyrene beads, liposomes, and small extracellular vesicles (exosomes), utilizing an insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) scheme followed by measuring their impedance utilizing an integrated electrical impedance sensor. This technique provides a label-free, fast, and non-invasive tool for the detection of bionanoparticles based on their unique dielectric properties. In the future, this device could potentially be applied to the characterization of pathogenic exosomes and viruses of similar size, and thus, be evolved as a powerful tool for early disease diagnosis and prognosis.

scholarly journals Non-invasive blood pressure as an application of electrical impedance: a short review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2008 (1) ◽  
pp. 012013
Author(s):  
C A Romero-Beltrán ◽  
A M González-Vargas ◽  
J J Cabrera-López
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Impedance Plethysmography ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Electrical Bioimpedance ◽  
Electrical Properties Of Tissues

Abstract Electrical bioimpedance (EBI) has gained importance as a diagnostic technique in medicine to determine the electrical properties of tissues. For example, it has been used in tissue characterization, cancer detection, and electromyography. Some of the characteristics of EBI are its low cost, the absence of irradiation during the measurement process, and its non-invasive nature. In this sense, there is interest in developing medical equipment that performs non-invasive measurements of blood pressure (BP). Electrical Impedance Plethysmography (EIP) is a technique commonly used to extract the waveform associated with BP. In this short review, we will cover research articles published in peer-reviewed journals during the last decades, and show developments in the area of EIP, with a brief discussion of relevant results and current challenges.

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