scholarly journals Effect of Simvastatin and Atorvastatin on Serum Vitamin D and Bone Mineral Density in Hypercholesterolemic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abrar Thabit ◽  
Abdullah Alhifany ◽  
Razan Alsheikh ◽  
Sameh Namnqani ◽  
Ameen Al-Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
25Ohd Level ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum 25Ohd ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. Besides lipid-lowering effect of statins, they have been shown to have nonlipid lowering effects, such as improving bone health. An improvement in bone mineral density (BMD) has been indicated in some studies after the use of statins, in addition to an increase in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) level. The aim of this study is to explore the association between statins and bone health taking into consideration 25OHD level and BMD.Methods. This is a randomized, cross-sectional comparative study. Subjects were divided into two groups, hypercholesterolemic participants taking simvastatin or atorvastatin as the study group and a matched control group not taking statins. All participants were assessed for serum 25OHD and BMD at lumbar spine and femoral neck.Results. A total of 114 participants were included in the study, 57 participants in each group. Results of serum 25OHD showed no significant difference between study and control groups (P=0.47), while BMD results of lumbar spine and femoral neck showed significant difference (P=0.05and 0.03, resp.).Conclusion. Simvastatin and atorvastatin, at any dose for duration of more than one year, have no additive effect on 25OHD level but have a positive effect on the BMD.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density predictors in long-standing type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefana Catalina Bilha ◽  
Letitia Leustean ◽  
Cristina Preda ◽  
Dumitru D. Branisteanu ◽  
Laura Mihalache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Despite the increased fracture risk, bone mineral density (BMD) is variable in type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes mellitus. We aimed at comparing independent BMD predictors in T1D, T2D and control subjects, respectively. Methods Cross-sectional case-control study enrolling 30 T1D, 39 T2D and 69 age, sex and body mass index (BMI) – matched controls that underwent clinical examination, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck) and serum determination of HbA1c and parameters of calcium and phosphate metabolism. Results T2D patients had similar BMD compared to T1D individuals (after adjusting for age, BMI and disease duration) and to matched controls, respectively. In multiple regression analysis, diabetes duration – but not HbA1c- negatively predicted femoral neck BMD in T1D (β= -0.39, p = 0.014), while BMI was a positive predictor for lumbar spine (β = 0.46, p = 0.006) and femoral neck BMD (β = 0.44, p = 0.007) in T2D, besides gender influence. Age negatively predicted BMD in controls, but not in patients with diabetes. Conclusions Long-standing diabetes and female gender particularly increase the risk for low bone mass in T1D. An increased body weight partially hinders BMD loss in T2D. The impact of age appears to be surpassed by that of other bone regulating factors in both T1D and T2D patients.

scholarly journals Differences in Bone Mineral Density between Adult Vegetarians and Nonvegetarians Become Marginal when Accounting for Differences in Anthropometric Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 1266-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nena Karavasiloglou ◽  
Eliska Selinger ◽  
Jan Gojda ◽  
Sabine Rohrmann ◽  
Tilman Kühn
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Race Ethnicity

ABSTRACT Background Persons following plant-based diets have lower bone mineral density (BMD) and higher fracture risk, possibly due to suboptimal nutrient supply. However, anthropometric measures were not considered as potential confounders in many previous studies, and body mass index (BMI) is positively associated with BMD but also generally lower among vegans and vegetarians. Objectives Our objective was to investigate if BMD measurements differ between vegetarians and nonvegetarians from the adult general population when accounting for important determinants of BMD, especially BMI and waist circumference. Methods Using data from the NHANES (cycles 2007–2008 and 2009–2010), we evaluated the differences in BMD (femoral neck, total femoral, and total lumbar spine) between adult vegetarians and nonvegetarians. Linear regression models were used to determine the associations between BMD and diet. Statistical models were adjusted for important factors, i.e., age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, serum vitamin D and calcium concentrations, waist circumference, and BMI. Results In statistical models adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, menopausal status, and education level, BMD values were significantly lower among vegetarians than among nonvegetarians (P < 0.001). These differences were attenuated upon adjustment for lifestyle factors, and became statistically nonsignificant upon adjustment for anthropometric variables (BMI and waist circumference) for femoral neck (0.77 compared with 0.79 g/cm2 among vegetarians versus nonvegetarians, P = 0.10) and total femoral BMD (0.88 compared with 0.90 g/cm2, P = 0.12). A small but statistically significant difference remained for total lumbar spine BMD (1.01 compared with 1.04 g/cm2, P = 0.005). Conclusions These findings suggest that lower BMD among adult vegetarians is in larger parts explained by lower BMI and waist circumference.

Bone Mineral Density in Normal Chinese Men and Women in Singapore

1997 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon Tai Lee ◽  
James Cho Hong Goh ◽  
Siew Leng Low ◽  
Kamal Bose
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Reference Database ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peak Bmd

169 men and 267 women aged 20 to 69 years had bone mineral density measured in the lumbar spine and femoral neck by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The male subjects were significantly taller and heavier than the female subjects. However, there was no significant difference in body mass indexes of males and females. In males, the regression of age on lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD was linear, with peak BMD attained in the 20–29 age group. In females, peak BMD occurred in the age group 30–39 years. The regression of BMD with age in females was best fit by a cubic regression curve. There was no difference in peak spine BMD (1.176 ± 0.121 g/cm2 for males versus 1.221 ± 0.129 g/cm2 for females; p < 0.01). However, males were found to have significantly higher peak BMD in the femoral neck (1.052 ± 0.119 g/cm2 for males versus 0.949 ± 0.108 g/cm2 for females; p < 0.01). When our data was compared to the reference database from the American and Japanese populations, it was found that Chinese women in Singapore and American women had similar BMD values and both groups had significantly higher BMD than the Japanese in both the lumbar spine and femoral neck.

scholarly journals Dose-dependent effects of inhaled corticosteroids on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with asthma or COPD: A registry-based cohort study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjia Chen ◽  
Kate M. Johnson ◽  
J. Mark FitzGerald ◽  
Mohsen Sadatsafavi ◽  
William D. Leslie
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Hip Bmd ◽  
Sectional Analysis

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe effect of long-term inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy on the bone health of older adults remains unclear due to its possible impact on bone mineral density (BMD).ObjectiveTo evaluate, cross-sectionally and longitudinally, the impact of ICS use on BMD in postmenopausal women with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodsWe used a population-based bone densitometry registry linked with administrative health data of the province of Manitoba, Canada (1999–2013), to identify women with diagnosed asthma or COPD. ICS use was defined as cumulative dispensed days prior to baseline BMD (cross-sectional analysis), and medication possession ratio (MPR) between two BMD measurements (longitudinal analysis). Results were adjusted for multiple covariates including the underlying respiratory diagnosis and its severity.ResultsIn the cross sectional analysis, compared with non-users, women with the highest tertile of prior ICS exposure had lower baseline BMD at the femoral neck (-0.09 standard deviations [SD] below a healthy young adult, 95% CI: −0.16, −0.02) and total hip (-0.14 SD, 95% CI: −0.22, −0.05), but not at the lumbar spine. Longitudinally, the highest tertile of ICS exposure was associated with a slight decline in total hip BMD relative to non-users (-0.02 SD/year, 95% CI: −0.04, −0.01), with no significant effect at the femoral neck and lumbar spine. Middle and lower tertiles of ICS use had no significant effects.ConclusionHigh exposure to ICS was associated with a small adverse effect on baseline hip BMD and total hip BMD loss in post-menopausal women with asthma or COPD.

Bone Mineral Density And Its Associated Factors In Vietnamese Women Over 40 Years Of Age: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tam Thai Thanh Tran ◽  
Phu Dac Pham ◽  
Thang Nguyen ◽  
Diem Thi Ngoc Pham ◽  
Sam Phan Hai Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vietnamese Women ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Over 40 Years

Background: Low measured bone mineral density (BMD) in clinical settings is known as an indirect indicator of osteoporosis and fracture risk. Objective: To evaluate the mean BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck and the correlation between BMD and some associated factors in women aged over 40 years. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional research was performed. The study group included 168 healthy women aged over 40 years having annual health surveillance at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. BMD at lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured by dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) method from 6/2017 to 5/2018. Results: The results recorded that the mean BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck were 0.92±0.2g/cm2 and 0.84±0.15g/cm2 , respectively. BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck had significant positive correlation with height (r=0.353, p<0.001; r=0.394, p<0.001), weight (r=0.435, p<0.001; r=0.414, p<0.001), BMI (r=0.33, p<0.001; r=0.284, p<0.001) while having significant negative correlation with age (r=-0.609, p<0.00; r=-0.561; p<0.001), time elapsed since menopauseTESM (r=-0.495, p<0.001; r=-0.523; p<0.001), and number of giving birth (r=-0.381, p<0.001; r=- 0.268, p<0.001). Conclusion: The mean BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck which had a significant correlation with age, TESM, number of giving birth, height, weight and BMI were rather high. Targeted future research is suggested to point out a strategy that directly impacts osteoporosis and fracture risks outcomes in healthy Vietnamese women over 40 years of age.

scholarly journals AB0910 SARCOPENIA AND BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN MEN WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1757.2-1757
Author(s):  
T. Raskina ◽  
I. Grigoreva ◽  
J. Averkieva ◽  
A. Kokov ◽  
V. Masenko
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Objectives:To examine bone mineral density (BMD) in men with coronary heart disease (CHD), depending on the state of the muscle mass, strength and function.Methods:79 men aged over 50 years with verified CHD were examined (mean age 63 (57; 66) years).The BMD and T-criterion (standart deviation, SD) of the femoral neck and lumbar spine (L1-L4) were evaluated using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) on the Lunar Prodigy Primo bone densitometer (USA). The following reference intervals were used: normal BMD values (T-criterion ≥-1), osteopenia (OPe) (T-criterion from -1 to -2.5), and osteoporosis (OP) (T-criterion <-2.5).To assess muscle mass, the total area (cm2) of the lumbar muscles of the axial section at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra (L3) was determined using multispiral computed tomography on a 64-slice computer tomograph “Somatom Sensation 64” (Siemens AG Medical Solution, Germany). The ratio of the obtained index of the area of skeletal muscle to the square of the patient’s growth index determined the “ skeletalmuscular index L3” (SMI). The media considered the threshold value to be 52.4 cm2/m2.Results:The femoral neck BMD in the examined patients was 0.96 (0.89; 1.03) g/cm2, which corresponds to -0.50 (-1.00; 0) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine -1.23 (1.11; 1.32) g/cm2and 0.4 (-0.50; 1.20) SD according to the T-criterion.In accordance with the recommendations of the European working group on sarcopenia in Older people (EWGSOP, 2010, 2018), the patients were divided into 3 groups: 31 patients without sarcopenia (group 1), 21 patients with isolated muscle loss (presarcopenia) (group 2) and 27 patients with sarcopenia (group 3).BMD in the femoral neck in the group of patients without sarcopenia was 0.96 (0.72; 1.26) g/cm2, which corresponds to -0.50 (-0.8; 0.2) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine – 1.19 (1.10; 1.275) g/cm2and 0.1 (-0.6; 0.8) SD according to the T-criterion. BMD in the femoral neck in the group of patients with presarcopenia (group 2) – 0.995 (0.94; 1.04) g/cm2and -0.3 (-0.70; 0) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine – 1.32 (1.24; 1.40) g/cm2and 1.20 (0.50; 1.90) SD according to the T-criterion. In patients with established sarcopenia (group 3), the following indicators of BMD and T-criterion were recorded: 0.95 (0.845; 0.98) g/cm2and -0.60 (-1.40; -0.40) SD and 1.23 (0.085; 1.31) g/cm2and 0.4 (-0.8; 1.1) SD in the femoral neck and lumbar spine, respectively.A comparative analysis of the results of the DXA found that patients with sarcopenia had a significant decrease in the BMD and T-criterion in the femoral neck compared to patients with presarcopenia (p=0.039 and p=0.040, respectively). There were no differences between the groups of patients without sarcopenia and with sarcopenia and presarcopenia (p>0.05).It was found that patients with sarcopenia had significantly lower BMD and T-criterion in the lumbar spine compared to patients with presarcopenia (p=0.017 and p=0.0165, respectively). The values of the BMD and T-criterion in the groups of patients without sarcopenia and with presarcopenia and sarcopenia in the lumbar spine were comparable (p>0.05).Conclusion:The presence of sarcopenia is associated with loss of BMD in the femoral neck and in the lumbar spine. The results obtained confirm the high probability of common pathogenetic links between OP and sarcopenia.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Lack of Association between Pulse Steroid Therapy and Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serap Zengin Karahan ◽  
Cavit Boz ◽  
Sevgi Kilic ◽  
Nuray Can Usta ◽  
Mehmet Ozmenoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Factors Affecting

Multiple sclerosis (MS) has been associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD). The purpose of this study was to determine the possible factors affecting BMD in patients with MS. We included consecutive 155 patients with MS and 90 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Patients with MS exhibited significantly lowerT-scores andZ-scores in the femoral neck and trochanter compared to the controls. Ninety-four (61%) patients had reduced bone mass in either the lumbar spine or the femoral neck; of these, 64 (41.3%) had osteopenia and 30 (19.4%) had osteoporosis. The main factors affecting BMD were disability, duration of MS, and smoking. There was a negative relationship between femoral BMD and EDSS and disease duration. No association with lumbar BMD was determined. There were no correlations between BMD at any anatomic region and cumulative corticosteroid dose. BMD is significantly lower in patients with MS than in healthy controls. Reduced BMD in MS is mainly associated with disability and duration of the disease. Short courses of high dose steroid therapy did not result in an obvious negative impact on BMD in the lumbar spine and femoral neck in patients with MS.

Estimation of Central Osteopenia in Children With Chronic Polyarthritis Treated With Glucocorticoids

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1127-1130
Author(s):  
Antero Kotaniemi ◽  
Anneli Savolainen ◽  
Hannu Kautiainen ◽  
Heikki Kröger
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Size ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Volumetric Density ◽  
Chronic Polyarthritis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bone Volumetric Density

Study objective. To investigate the degree and determinants of osteopenia in juvenile chronic polyarthritis. Design. Retrospective case-control study of central bone mineral density. Setting. Rheumatism Foundation Hospital and Kuopio University Hospital, Finland. Subjects. A sample of 43 girls aged 7 to 19 with juvenile chronic polyarthritis treated with systemic glucocorticoids and a control sample of 44 healthy girls matched for age. Main outcome measures. Bone mineral density and bone size (width) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and bone volumetric density calculated as an approximation of true bone density at both the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Results. The girls with juvenile chronic arthritis had reduced bone mineral density, bone size, and bone volumetric density at both the lumbar spine and femoral neck (statistically significant findings, P = .022 for the bone size of the femoral neck and P &lt; .001 for the other parameters). At the spine, the mean bone mineral density was 80%, the mean bone size 89%, and the mean bone volumetric density 89% of the values in the control group. At the femoral neck, the values were 78%, 93%, and 83%, respectively. The groups were matched for age, but the girls with arthritis were smaller and lighter. In the juvenile arthritis group, the femoral bone mineral density and bone volumetric density and the spinal bone width correlated negatively with the mean glucocorticoid dose. Conclusion. Axial bone mineral density is clearly reduced in severe juvenile polyarthritis and is mediated by both decreased bone volumetric density and diminished growth.

scholarly journals Divergent Significance of Bone Mineral Density Changes in Aging Depending on Sites and Sex Revealed through Separate Analyses of Bone Mineral Content and Area

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasumoto Matsui ◽  
Marie Takemura ◽  
Atsushi Harada ◽  
Fujiko Ando ◽  
Hiroshi Shimokata
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Area Change

Bone mineral density (aBMD) is equivalent to bone mineral content (BMC) divided by area. We rechecked the significance of aBMD changes in aging by examining BMC and area separately. Subjects were 1167 community-dwelling Japanese men and women, aged 40–79 years. ABMDs of femoral neck and lumbar spine were assessed by DXA twice, at 6-year intervals. The change rates of BMC and area, as well as aBMD, were calculated and described separately by the age stratum and by sex. In the femoral neck region, aBMDs were significantly decreased in all age strata by an increase in area as well as BMC loss in the same pattern in both sexes. In the lumbar spine region, aBMDs decreased until the age of 60 in women, caused by the significant BMC decrease accompanying the small area change. Very differently in men, aBMDs increased after their 50s due to BMC increase, accompanied by an area increase. Separate analyses of BMC and area change revealed that the significance of aBMD changes in aging was very divergent among sites and between sexes. This may explain in part the dissociation of aBMD change and bone strength, suggesting that we should be more cautious when interpreting the meaning of aBMD change.

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