scholarly journals Degradation of Tannic Acid Using TiO2 Nanotubes as Electrocatalyst

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lakshmi Kruthika ◽  
G. Bhaskar Raju ◽  
S. Prabhakar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Tio2 Nanotubes ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Titanium Sheet ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Tannic Acid Solution

Structured TiO2 nanotubes were grown on 2 mm thick titanium sheet by anodization of titanium in ethylene glycol medium containing 0.025 M NaF. The morphology of TiO2 nanotubes (TNT) was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope. The potential of TNT as anode and also as photocatalyst for the degradation of tannic acid was studied. The mineralization of tannic acid was measured in terms Total Organic Carbon (TOC). Only 50% of TOC could be removed by exposing the tannic acid solution to UV-radiation (photolysis), whereas it was improved to 70% by electrooxidation (EO) using TNT as anode. Maximum degradation of 83% was achieved when electrooxidation was conducted under the influence of UV-radiation (photoelectrocatalytic process (PEC)). Among the electrolytes tried, Na2SO4 was observed to be very effective for the degradation of tannic acid. The kinetics of tannic acid degradation by photoelectrocatalytic process was found to follow zero-order rate expression.

Kinetics of Reduction and Precipitation of U(VI) in the Dissolution of UO2(s) Under Anoxic Conditions in NaCl 5 mol kg−1. Influence of Metallic Iron

1997 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Giménez ◽  
M. Molera ◽  
I. Casas ◽  
M.E. Torrero ◽  
J. de Pablo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
First Order ◽  
Lower Solubility ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Kinetics Of Reduction ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTExperiments of spent fuel dissolution performed in presence of iron show, for uranium as well as for some radionuclides, lower final concentrations than measured in similar experiments but in absence of iron. So far, only the final concentrations obtained in these experiments have been published. In this work, we have focused our study on the reduction of uranium (VI) due to the presence of iron and the subsequent precipitation of Uranium (IV) due to its lower solubility. This behavior has been confirmed using a Scanning Electron Microscope by observing an uranium phase precipitated on the iron surface and assuming, under the experimental conditions, that it most likely corresponds to U02(s). We have modeled this process assuming a first-order kinetic.

Measurement of small elastic strains in silicon using electron channeling patterns

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Kozubowski ◽  
W. W. Gerberich ◽  
T. Stefanski
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Lower Limit ◽  
Elastic Strain ◽  
Silicon Single Crystal ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Electron Channeling ◽  
Elastic Strains ◽  
Scanning Electron

A silicon single-crystal slab 0.15 mm in thickness was bent to produce small, nonuniform surface strains of the order of 0.2%. The electron channeling patterns were observed in a JSM 840 SEM (scanning electron microscope) at an accelerating voltage close to 25 kV. Proper choice of the triangles formed by intersecting channeling lines of zero-order and of higher-order Laue zones allows one to measure the changes in their dimensions caused by imposed strain. It was estimated that the lower limit of detectable elastic strain is close to 0.1%. The possibilities of using this method for estimation of the average elastic strains in thin epitaxial layers are discussed.

Microscopic study of the plerocercoid larva of Otobothrium (Trypanorhyncha)

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 1026-1027
Author(s):  
N. Abdou ◽  
R. A. Heckmann ◽  
J. S. Gardner ◽  
A. A. Ashour
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Posterior Margin ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sea Fish ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study represents the first scanning electron microscope (SEM) evaluation of cestode larvae infecting Red Sea fish. General structures of the larvae and different types of microtriches on the integument are described.Plerocercoids of Trypanorhyncha were collected from the mesenteries and liver of Cephalopholis oligostricta. The capsule of each larva was opened, the plerocercoid was removed and fixed in 10% formalin. Following buffer (pH. 7.3) wash, they were fixed in OSO4 12 hr, washed in buffer, immersed in 2% tannic acid 8 hr, washed in buffer, fixed again in OSO4 2 hr, buffer washed, dehydrated, critical point dried, and sputter coated with gold.The plerocercoids were identified as belonging to the genus Otobothrium. Each organism was divided into a scolex and body. The scolex consisted of two large bothria, each bothrium was nearly round in outline and possessed two circular invaginations on its posterior margin. On the apex of the scolex, four extended tentacles covered with hooks were observed (Fig 1).

The Alteration of the Pore Spaces in Sandstones

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
R. E. Ferrell ◽  
G. G. Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Depositional Fabric ◽  
Soluble Components ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Shape And Size

The pore spaces in sandstones are the result of the original depositional fabric and the degree of post-depositional alteration that the rock has experienced. The largest pore volumes are present in coarse-grained, well-sorted materials with high sphericity. The chief mechanisms which alter the shape and size of the pores are precipitation of cementing agents and the dissolution of soluble components. Each process may operate alone or in combination with the other, or there may be several generations of cementation and solution.The scanning electron microscope has ‘been used in this study to reveal the morphology of the pore spaces in a variety of moderate porosity, orthoquartzites.

The Broad Applications of the Scanning Electron Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 20-21
Author(s):  
C. T. Nightingale ◽  
S. E. Summers ◽  
T. P. Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Great Depth ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Pictorial Representations ◽  
Scanning Electron

The ease of operation of the scanning electron microscope has insured its wide application in medicine and industry. The micrographs are pictorial representations of surface topography obtained directly from the specimen. The need to replicate is eliminated. The great depth of field and the high resolving power provide far more information than light microscopy.

Observability of Very Thick Specimen by Using Transmission Scanning Electron Microscope

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
K. Shibatomi ◽  
T. Yamanoto ◽  
H. Koike
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Image Contrast ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Thick Specimen ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the observation of a thick specimen by means of a transmission electron microscope, the intensity of electrons passing through the objective lens aperture is greatly reduced. So that the image is almost invisible. In addition to this fact, it have been reported that a chromatic aberration causes the deterioration of the image contrast rather than that of the resolution. The scanning electron microscope is, however, capable of electrically amplifying the signal of the decreasing intensity, and also free from a chromatic aberration so that the deterioration of the image contrast due to the aberration can be prevented. The electrical improvement of the image quality can be carried out by using the fascionating features of the SEM, that is, the amplification of a weak in-put signal forming the image and the descriminating action of the heigh level signal of the background. This paper reports some of the experimental results about the thickness dependence of the observability and quality of the image in the case of the transmission SEM.

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