scholarly journals Children Living near a Sanitary Landfill Have Increased Breath Methane andMethanobrevibacter smithiiin Their Intestinal Microbiota

Archaea ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto Bezerra de Araujo Filho ◽  
Mirian Silva Carmo-Rodrigues ◽  
Carolina Santos Mello ◽  
Lígia Cristina Fonseca Lahoz Melli ◽  
Soraia Tahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Sanitary Landfill ◽  
Socioeconomic Level ◽  
Breath Methane ◽  
Level Group

This study evaluated the breath CH4excretion and concentration ofM. smithiiin intestinal microbiota of schoolchildren from 2 slums. One hundred and eleven children from a slum near a sanitary landfill, 35 children of a slum located away from the sanitary landfill, and 32 children from a high socioeconomic level school were included in the study. Real-time PCR was performed to quantify theM. smithii nifHgene and it was present in the microbiota of all the participating children, with higherP<0.05concentrations in those who lived in the slum near the landfill (3.16×107 CFU/g of feces), comparing with the children from the slum away from the landfill (2.05×106 CFU/g of feces) and those from the high socioeconomic level group (3.93×105 CFU/g of feces). The prevalence of children who present breath methane was 53% in the slum near the landfill, 31% in the slum further away from the landfill and, 22% in the high socioeconomic level group. To live near a landfill is associated with higher concentrations ofM. smithiiin intestinal microbiota, comparing with those who live away from the landfill, regardless of their socioeconomics conditions.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective Effect of Gum Arabic in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver and Potential Modulation of Intestinal Microbiota (FS07-07-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa Ramadan Taha ◽  
Sahar Alokbi ◽  
Hoda Mabrok
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Total Fat

Abstract Objectives To study the hepatoprotective effect of gum Arabic in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and to test its ability to reverse the disturbance in intestinal microbiota associated with the disease. Methods Eighteen white male albino rats (150 g-170 g) were randomized into 3 groups (6 rats each). Animals of the normal control group were fed on a balanced diet. Non-alcoholic fatty liver was induced in the second group (HF group) by feeding the animals a high fructose-high fat diet (60% fructose,15% fat). Animals of the third group (GA group) were fed on a high fructose-high fat diet containing 10% gum Arabic. After 5 weeks, the animals were sacrificed, their livers were harvested, and feces samples were collected and stored at −80o C until analysis. Liver total fat was estimated using Folch's extraction procedure. Liver sections were prepared and stained for histological examination. Genomic DNA was extracted from feces samples. Two intestinal phyla (Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes) were quantified by real-time PCR using specific primers. Results Estimation of the liver total fat showed a significant increase in the HF group compared to normal control. The GA group showed a significantly lower level of total fat compared to the HF group, which was comparable to the normal control group (P ≥ 0.05). Histological analysis of liver sections revealed severe fatty degeneration in most of the hepatocytes in the HF group. Hepatocytes of the GA group showed a marked improvement which was not far from the normal control. Real-time PCR showed slightly more copies of Bacteroidetes, and a slightly higher ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes in the GA group compared to the HF group. However, real-time PCR results were not statistically significant at P ≥ 0.05. Conclusions Gum Arabic is a promising functional food with a potential hepatoprotective effect in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Gum Arabic did not have a marked modulating effect on intestinal microbiota and more studies are needed in that area. Funding Sources This study was funded by the National Research Center in Egypt. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Partially hydrolysed guar gum ameliorates murine intestinal inflammation in association with modulating luminal microbiota and SCFA

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (7) ◽  
pp. 1199-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohisa Takagi ◽  
Yuji Naito ◽  
Yasuki Higashimura ◽  
Chihiro Ushiroda ◽  
Katsura Mizushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mucosal Inflammation ◽  
Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid

AbstractPartially hydrolysed guar gum (PHGG), a water-soluble dietary fibre produced by the controlled partial enzymatic hydrolysis of guar gum beans, has various physiological roles. This study aimed to elucidate the beneficial effects of PHGG on colonic mucosal damage in a murine 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis model. Acute colitis was induced in male C57BL/6 mice with TNBS after 2 weeks of pre-feeding with PHGG (5 %). The colonic mucosal inflammation was evaluated using macroscopic damage scores, and neutrophil infiltration was assessed by measuring tissue-associated myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the colonic mucosa. TNF-αexpression in the colonic mucosa was measured by ELISA and real-time PCR. Moreover, the intestinal microbiota and production of SCFA were assessed by real-time PCR and HPLC, respectively. Colonic damage due to TNBS administration was significantly ameliorated by PHGG treatment. Furthermore, PHGG significantly inhibited increases in MPO activity and TNF-αprotein and mRNA expression in the colonic mucosa in TNBS-induced colitis. On analysis of intestinal microbiota, we found that the concentration of theClostridium coccoidesgroup (Clostridiumcluster XIVa), theClostridium leptumsubgroup (Clostridiumcluster IV) and theBacteroides fragilisgroup had significantly increased in PHGG-fed mice. On analysis of SCFA, we found that the caecal content of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid had significantly increased in PHGG-fed mice. Together, these results suggest that chronic ingestion of PHGG prevents the development of TNBS-induced colitis in mice by modulating the intestinal microbiota and SCFA, which may be significant in the development of therapeutics for inflammatory bowel disease.

Current and future uses of real-time polymerase chain reaction and microarrays in the study of intestinal microbiota, and probiotic use and effectiveness

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 537-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Carey ◽  
Jennifer L. Kirk ◽  
Shivani Ojha ◽  
Magdalena Kostrzynska
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Atopic Disease ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that confer a health benefit to the host when administered in adequate amounts. In addition to human health benefits, probiotics can improve various aspects of growth and performance in livestock and poultry, as well as control undesirable microorganisms in food animals. Studies indicate that probiotics can prevent or treat certain conditions, including atopic disease in infants, food allergy, infection after surgery, acute diarrhea, and symptoms associated with irritable bowel syndrome. Understanding the complete mechanism, effectiveness, and potential use of probiotics is limited by the availability and sensitivity of current methods (i.e., culturing techniques). In recent years, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and microarrays have become prominent and promising methods to examine quantitative changes of specific members of the microbial community and the influence of probiotics on the structure and function of human and animal intestinal ecosystems. Culture-independent studies have established that only a fraction of organisms present in feces are cultivable, therefore, results obtained by cultivation are limited. Conversely, in-depth knowledge of microbial genomes has enabled real-time PCR and microarrays to be more sensitive and has resulted in precise methods for comprehensive analysis of the complex gut microbiota. Additionally, these technologies can assess the influence of intestinal microorganisms on host metabolism, nutrient status, and disease. This paper reviews method technologies and applications of real-time PCR and microarray assays as they relate to the effect and use of probiotics on the intestinal microbiota and gastrointestinal disease.

Appropriate dose of Lactobacillus buchneri supplement improves intestinal microbiota and prevents diarrhoea in weaning Rex rabbits

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhou ◽  
X. Ni ◽  
B. Wen ◽  
L. Duan ◽  
H. Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Lactobacillus Buchneri

This study examined the effects on intestinal microbiota and diarrhoea of Lactobacillus buchneri supplementation to the diet of weaning Rex rabbits. To this end, rabbits were treated with L. buchneri at two different doses (LC: 104 cfu/g diet and HC: 105 cfu/g diet) for 4 weeks. PCR-DGGE was used to determine the diversity of the intestinal microbiota, while real-time PCR permitted the detection of individual bacterial species. ELISA and real-time PCR allowed the identification of numerous cytokines in the intestinal tissues. Zonula occludens-1, polymeric immunoglobulin receptor and immunoglobulin A genes were examined to evaluate intestinal barriers. Results showed that the biodiversity of the intestinal microbiota of weaning Rex rabbits improved in the whole tract of the treated groups. The abundance of most detected bacterial species was highly increased in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum after L. buchneri administration. The species abundance in the HC group was more increased than in the LC group when compared to the control. Although the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae exhibited a different pattern, Escherichia coli was inhibited in all treatment groups. Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4 genes were down-regulated in all intestinal tissues as the microbiota changed. In the LC group, the secretion of the inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-α was reduced, the gene expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-4 was up-regulated and the expression of intestinal-barrier-related genes was enhanced. Conversely, IL-4 expression was increased and the expression of other tested genes did not change in the HC group. The beneficial effects of LC were greater than those of HC or the control in terms of improving the daily weight gain and survival rate of weaning Rex rabbits and reducing their diarrhoea rate. Therefore, 104 cfu/g L. buchneri treatment improved the microbiota of weaning Rex rabbits and prevented diarrhoea in these animals.

Feldvalidierung einer real-time PCR zum Nachweis von Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in Nasentupfermaterial von lebenden Schweinen

2005 ◽  
Vol 147 (9) ◽  
pp. 373-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Zeeh ◽  
P. Kuhnert ◽  
R. Miserez ◽  
M. G. Doherr ◽  
W. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae

Nutzen des hoch-sensitiven real-time-PCR HBV Tests (TaqMan) zur Prädiktion der Resistenzentwicklung bei Lamivudin-Langzeittherapie

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Brodzinski ◽  
F van Bömmel ◽  
B Fülöp ◽  
B Schlosser ◽  
M Biermer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr

Nachweis des porzinen Circovirus Typ 2 und des Torque-Teno-Sus-Virus 1 und 2 in Samenproben von Ebern einer österreichischen Besamungsstation

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (04) ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
A. Griessler ◽  
E. Pirker ◽  
H. Söllner ◽  
J. Segalés ◽  
T. Kekarainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Klinische Relevanz ◽  
Torque Teno Sus Virus

Zusammenfassung Gegenstand und Ziel: Das porzine Circovirus Typ 2 (PCV-2) und das Torque-teno-Sus-Virus (TTSuV) sind in schweineproduzierenden Ländern häufig nachzuweisen. Beide Erreger können sowohl horizontal als auch vertikal übertragen werden und Ebersamen könnte ein wichtiges Übertragungsmedium darstellen. Ziel der Studie war die Abklärung der Prävalenz dieser beiden Viren in Samenproben von Ebern. Material und Methoden: Von 100 Ebern einer Besamungsstation wurde jeweils eine Samenprobe mittels quantitativer Real-Time-PCR auf PCV-2 und mittels konventioneller PCR auf TTSuV-1 und TTSuV-2 untersucht. Ergebnisse: Nur bei einem Eber der Rasse Piétrain war ein positives PCV-2-Resultat festzustellen. TTSuV-1 ließ sich in vier Samenproben, TTSuV-2 in fünf Proben nachweisen. Ein Eber wies eine Koinfektion mit beiden TTSuV-Genotypen auf. Alle TTSuV-positiven Proben stammten von Piétrain-Ebern. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: In der vorliegenden Studie wurde erstmals in Österreich TTSuV im Samen nachgewiesen. Die Prävalenz sowohl von TTSuV als auch von PCV-2 war gering. Die klinische Relevanz einer gleichzeitigen Kontamination des Samens mit beiden Viren ist nicht klar.

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