scholarly journals Propagation of Some Local Fig (Ficus carica L.) Cultivars by Hardwood Cuttings under the Field Conditions in Tunisia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fateh Aljane ◽  
Sabrine Nahdi
Keyword(s):  
High Variability ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Young Plant ◽  
Nursery Plant ◽  
Hardwood Cutting

This research was carried out in Southeast of Tunisia in 2009 and 2010, in order to study the propagation of six (Ficus carica L.) cultivars by using hardwood cuttings under the field conditions. The effect of the cultivars and the type of buds, shoots age, shoots length, and shoots diameter were recorded. Ten cuttings per cultivar and/or cutting types with three replications were planted in rooting unit. Percentage of root emergence and six morphological parameters of young fig plants were measured. Results showed that the responses of cuttings as fig nursery plants presented a high variability among the five cultivars. The most widely varied characters were % root emergence (RE) and cumulative growth of young plant (CG). The first one ranged from 10% to 90%, the second varied within 32 and 112 cm. Concerning the ‘‘BITHER’’ cultivar, 6 cutting types with different age, length, and diameter were evaluated. Results showed a great variation in % of root emergence (0–90%), length of nursery plant (3–77 cm), and number of roots/nursery plant (0–29 roots). The present research showed that the hardwood cutting of local fig cultivars can be propagated under field conditions in Southeast of Tunisia.

Mild steel green inhibition by Ficus carica leaves extract under practical field conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (24) ◽  
pp. 2697-2718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taleb H. Ibrahim ◽  
Elron E. Gomes ◽  
Ime B. Obot ◽  
Mustafa Khamis ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf Sabri
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Practical Field

Impact of Exposure to 2,4-D and Dicamba on Peanut Injury and Yield

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon G. Leon ◽  
Jason A. Ferrell ◽  
Barry J. Brecke
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Accidental Exposure ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Southeastern Us

The potential widespread adoption of cotton and soybean varieties with 2,4-D and dicamba resistance traits in the southeastern US will increase the risk of accidental exposure of peanut to these herbicides because of drift or application errors. When such accidents occur, growers must decide between continuing the crop and terminating it. In order to make this decision, growers need to estimate the potential yield reduction caused by 2,4-D or dicamba. Dose-response studies were conducted under field conditions in Citra and Jay, FL in 2012 and 2013 to determine peanut injury and yield reduction after exposure to 70, 140, 280, 560, and 1120 g ae ha−1of 2,4-D or to 35, 70, 140, 280, and 560 g ae ha−1of dicamba at 21 and 42 d after planting (DAP). Only herbicide by rate interactions were significant (P < 0.04). Dicamba caused 2 to 5 times higher peanut injury and 0.5 to 2 times higher yield reductions than 2,4-D. Injury ranged from 0 to 35% when peanut plants were treated with 2,4-D and from 20 to 78% with dicamba. The maximum yield reduction was 41% with 1,120 g ha−1of 2,4-D and 65% with 560 g ha−1of dicamba. Linear regression indicated that the intercept for yield reduction was 12% for 2,4-D and 23% for dicamba, and there was a 2.5% and 7.7% increase in yield reduction per additional 100 g ha−1, respectively. Although high variability was observed for the different variables, there was a positive correlation between injury and peanut yield reduction (P < 0.0001) with Pearson's Rho values ranging from 0.45 to 0.59 for 2,4-D and from 0.27 to 0.55 for dicamba, suggesting that growers can use injury data to make rough projections of yield reduction and decide if they continue their crop, especially when injury is evident.

scholarly journals Rhizosphere competence of native Rhizobium rhizogenes strain and its use in management of crown gall

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1772-1781
Author(s):  
Randeep Singh ◽  
Aditi Sharma ◽  
A. K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Crown Gall ◽  
Resistant Mutant ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Rhizosphere Competence ◽  
Nursery Plant ◽  
Rhizobium Rhizogenes ◽  
Population Indices ◽  
Biocontrol Potential

Native Rhizobium rhizogenes strain UHFBA-212 [141/1A (NCBI: KC488174)]was isolated from rhizosphere soil of peach nursery plant of wild peach collected from Himachal Pradesh. In addition to this,159 isolates were also collected and were screened in vitro for their biocontrol potential against Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Out of these strain, UHFBA-212 showed maximum zone of inhibition i.e. 4.16 and 3.57cm without and after exposure to chloroform against C58.Sequence analysis (16SrDNA) of the strain showed nucleotide homology similar to Rhizobium sp. Amplification of total genomic DNA of the strain with Vir D2 andipt primers didn’t showed amplification with these virulence genes suggesting the absence of tumorigenic factors. In the field conditions, maximum population (329.33x106 cfu/g of soil) was observed in antibiotic resistant mutant of R. rhizogenes strain K84 applied on cherry rootstock Colt followed by 285.33 (x 106 ) cfu/g of soil in UHFBA-212 after 9 months at the time of uprooting of plants when applied alone as root dip. Minimum incidence of crown gall (2.00%) was observed in strain UHFBA- 212 co inoculated with strain C58 as seed treatment on behmi seeds. The data on population indices in rhizosphere and incidence of crown gall further suggested that for better management of disease R. Rhizogenes isolates should be either equal or more in population than that of A. tumefaciens isolates. Strain UHFBA-212 controls crown gall as effectively as strain K84 and can be exploited against tumorigenic isolates under field conditions.

scholarly journals Further Investigation on Limb Dieback of Fig (Ficus carica) Caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum in California

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. PDIS-06-20-1226
Author(s):  
Giorgio Gusella ◽  
David P. Morgan ◽  
Themis J. Michailides
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Mechanical Stresses ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Woody Tissues ◽  
Fig Trees

Fig limb dieback is a cosmopolitan disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum (Botryosphaeriaceae), characterized by branch and shoot cankers, discoloration of woody tissues, and dieback. The present study investigated the etiology of the disease in California that seems to have become prevalent among fig orchards in the last several years. During orchard surveys in Fresno, Kern, and Madera Counties over 3 years, we isolated consistently and evaluated the pathogenicity of N. dimidiatum under laboratory and field conditions. The effect of summer and winter pruning on the disease severity and the effects of different environmental and mechanical stresses, such as sunburn and wounding by mallets, were assayed. In addition, the susceptibility of six different cultivars and the effects of eradicating cankered shoots from the fig trees as a method to combat the spread of the disease were studied. Pathogenicity tests demonstrated that N. dimidiatum induces cankers on fig, mainly on wounded shoots. Results from the remaining experiments revealed that summer infection leads to more severe canker lesions than those induced by winter infection and that stressed shoots are more susceptible to infection than nonstressed shoots. ‘Brown Turkey’, ‘Conadria’, and ‘Calimyrna’ cultivars (all nonpersistent figs, i.e., needing pollination for fruit development) were less susceptible than the more susceptible ‘Kadota’, ‘Sierra’, and ‘Black Mission’ (all persistent figs, i.e., not needing pollination for fruit development). Canker removal from the orchard seems to be a good agronomic practice to avoid the spread of disease.

scholarly journals Early Development of Fig (Ficus carica L.) Root and Shoot Using Different Propagation Medium and Cutting Types

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Rozilawati Shahari ◽  
◽  
Che Nurul Aini Che Amri ◽  
Nur Shuhada Tajudin ◽  
Mohd. Radzali Mispan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Propagation Medium ◽  
Hardwood Cutting ◽  
Growth Quality ◽  
Plot Design

This study aimed at determining the effects of propagation medium and cutting types on the early growth performance of fig (Ficus carica L.) root and shoot. The experiment was conducted at the Glasshouse and Nursery Complex (GNC), International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). The split-plot design was employed with the main plot (propagation medium) and sub-plot (types of cutting). The propagation medium were sand and topsoil (1:3) (M1), topsoil, peat and sawdust (1:1:1) (M2) and peat and perlite (1:1) (M3). Two types of cutting were semi-hardwood (C1) and hardwood (C2). As a result, there were a significant effect of propagation medium on measured parameters. This study revealed that the most effective propagation medium and cutting types for the propagation of fig were a combination of peat and perlite at 1:1 ratio (M3) and hardwood cutting (C2), respectively as evidenced by significantly higher root and shoot growth quality as compared to other treatments.

Metabolic signalling and the partitioning of resources in plant storage organs

1999 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIGEL G. HALFORD
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Young Plant ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Cultivated Potato ◽  
Metabolic Signalling ◽  
Storage Organs ◽  
Plant Storage

The most important harvested organs of crop plants, such as seeds, tubers and fruits, are often described as assimilate sinks. They play little or no part in the fixation of carbon through the production of sugars through photosynthesis, or in the uptake of nitrogen and sulphur, but import these assimilated resources to support metabolism and to store them in the form of starch, oils and proteins. Wild plants store resources in seeds and tubers to later support an emergent young plant. Cultivated crops are effectively storing resources to provide us with food and many have been bred to accumulate much more than would be required otherwise. For example, approximately 80% of a cultivated potato plant's dry weight is contained in its tubers, ten times the proportion in the tubers of its wild relatives (Inoue & Tanaka 1978). Cultivation and breeding has brought about a shift in the partitioning of carbon and nitrogen assimilate between the organs of the plant.

Hexachlorobenzene toxicity in the rat ovary: II. Ultrastructure induced by medium (10 mg/kg) dose exposure

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 668-669
Author(s):  
Amreek Singh ◽  
Warren G. Foster ◽  
Anna Dykeman ◽  
David C. Villeneuve
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
Ovary Surface Epithelium ◽  
Rat Ovary ◽  
High Doses

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is a known toxicant that is found in the environment as a by-product during manufacture of certain pesticides. This chlorinated chemical has been isolated from many tissues including ovary. When administered in high doses, HCB causes degeneration of primordial germ cells and ovary surface epithelium in sub-human primates. A purpose of this experiment was to determine a no-effect dose of the chemical on the rat ovary. The study is part of a comprehensive investigation on the effects of the compound on the biochemical, hematological, and morphological parameters in the monkey and rat.

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