scholarly journals Determine the Compressive Strength of Calcium Silicate Bricks by Combined Nondestructive Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Brozovsky
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Pulse Method ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Rebound Hammer ◽  
Schmidt Rebound Hammer

The paper deals with the application of combined nondestructive method for assessment of compressive strength of calcium silicate bricks. In this case, it is a combination of the rebound hammer method and ultrasonic pulse method. Calibration relationships for determining compressive strength of calcium silicate bricks obtained from nondestructive parameter testing for the combined method as well as for the L-type Schmidt rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse method are quoted here. Calibration relationships are known for their close correlation and are applicable in practice. The highest correlation between parameters from nondestructive measurement and predicted compressive strength is obtained using the SonReb combined nondestructive method. Combined nondestructive SonReb method was proved applicable for determination of compressive strength of calcium silicate bricks at checking tests in a production plant and for evaluation of bricks built in existing masonry structures.

scholarly journals Empirical Investigation on Compressive Strength of Geopolymer and Conventional Concretes by Nondestructive Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
B. Ravali ◽  
K. Bala Gopi Krishna ◽  
D. Ravi Kanth ◽  
K. J. Brahma Chari ◽  
S. Venkatesa Prabhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Rebound Hammer ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete

Need of construction is increasing due to increase in population growth rate. The geopolymer concrete is eco-friendly than ordinary concrete. Current experimental investigation was conducted on ordinary and geopolymer concrete using nondestructive testing (NDT) tests like ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test and rebound hammer (RH) test. Cube specimens of dimensions 150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm are used to conduct these tests at 7, 14, and 28 days. Proportions considered for concrete are cement-fly ash-river sand (100-0-100% and 60-40-100%), cement-fly ash-robo sand (100-0-100% and 60-40-100%) whereas geopolymer concrete fly ash-metakaolin is taken in proportions of 100-0%, 60-40%, and 50-50%. Alkaline activators (sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate with molarity 12M) were used in preparing geopolymer concrete. The major objective of the current study is to obtain relation between compressive strength of concrete and UPV values.

Ultrasonic Pulse Method - Influence of Internal Compressive Stress on Results of Testing Calcium Silicate Bricks

2016 ◽  
Vol 722 ◽  
pp. 260-266
Author(s):  
Jiří Brožovský
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Pulse Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultimate Compressive Strength ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Inner Tension

Measuring with ultrasonic pulse method is influenced by various factors, like loading in particular inner tension when material built in a construction is tested. The paper researches influence of inner tension (load) on testing of calcium silicate bricks with ultrasonic pulse method. Calcium silicate bricks were loaded with force corresponding to 0 % (unloaded test specimens), 10 %, 20 %, 50 %, 60 % of ultimate compressive strength with various content of humidity (dried samples, w=2 %, w=8 % and samples saturated with water). It was found that ultrasonic pulse velocity is not considerably influenced at load of 10% and 20% of ultimate strength of bricks. However, ultrasonic pulse velocity considerably decreases after loading at 50% and 60% of ultimate compressive strength. Most of theoretical assumptions concerning mentioned concrete stated in technical literature were confirmed, however, particular values were different because of differences between concrete and calcium silicate bricks.

Determination of a Suitable Moment for Formwork Removal from a Concrete Structure Using Rebound Hammer Test Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Petr Misák ◽  
Dalibor Kocáb ◽  
Petr Cikrle
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Rebound Hammer ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Relevant Topic ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Non Destructive

Determining the compressive strength of concrete in the early stages of ageing has been an increasingly relevant topic in recent years, particularly with regard to the safe removal of formwork from a structure or its part. The compressive strength of concrete which designates safe removal of formwork without damaging the structure can be referred to as "stripping strength". It is undoubtedly beneficial to be able to determine the moment of safe formwork removal in a non-destructive manner, i.e. without compromising the structure. Modern rebound hammer test methods seem to be a suitable instrument with which it is possible to reduce the length of technological breaks associated with concrete ageing to a minimum, and consequently, reduce the total cost of the construction. However, the use of these methods presents a number of challenges. As many conducted experiments have shown, there is no single conversion relationship (regression model) between non-destructive rebound hammer test methods and compressive strength. It is therefore advisable to always create a unique conversion relationship for each individual concrete. In addition, it must be noted that conventional regression analysis methods operate with 50% reliability. In construction testing, however, the most common is the so-called characteristic value, which is defined as a 5% quantile. This value is therefore determined with 95% reliability. This paper describes the construction of a so-called "characteristic curve", which can be used to estimate the compressive strength of concrete in a structure using rebound hammer test methods with 95% reliability. Consequently, the values obtained from the characteristic curve can be easily used for practical applications.

To the Problems of Determination of Dynamic Elasticity Modules of Calcium Silicate Bricks by Means of Resonance Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 897 ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Brožovský ◽  
Ámos Dufka
Keyword(s):  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Resonance Method ◽  
Pulse Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Resonance Test ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurement

Modulus of elasticity of building materials can be determined in a static way (loading in a press) or by means of non-destructive test methods (ultrasonic pulse method and resonance method); the parameter is most frequently determined for concrete and both methods of determining elasticity modulus are codified in Standards. Elasticity characteristics of calcium silicate bricks were determined by means of resonance test method. Because the shape of calcium silicate bricks (a block with oblong foot) is different from the shape of test specimens for concrete (usually blocks with square foot), expected frequencies for verification of accuracy of measurement by resonance method were determined. Moisture content of calcium silicate bricks (water absorbing capacity is up to 12-14%) has influence on the value of resonance frequency. Difference between dynamic Young's modulus of elasticity from fundamental longitudinal and transverse resonant frequency is on average 2.8%.

Sodium Exposure Tests on Limestone Concrete Used as Sacrificial Protection Layer in FBR

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Parida ◽  
S. K. Das ◽  
A. K. Sharma ◽  
P. M. Rao ◽  
S. S. Ramesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Concrete Block ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Rebound Hammer ◽  
Core Samples

Hot sodium coming in contact with structural concrete in case of sodium leak in FBR system cause damage as a result of thermo-chemical attack by burning sodium. In addition, release of free and bound water from concrete leads to generation of hydrogen gas, which is explosive in nature. Hence limestone concrete, as sacrificial layer on the structural concrete in FBR, needs to be qualified. Four concrete blocks of dimension 600mm × 600mm × 300mm with 300mm × 300mm × 150mm cavity were cast and subjected to controlled sodium exposure tests. They have composition of ordinary portland cement, water, fine and coarse aggregate of limestone in the ratio of 1 : 0.58 : 2.547 : 3.817. These blocks were subjected to preliminary inspection by ultrasonic pulse velocity technique and rebound hammer tests. Each block was exposed for 30 minutes to about 12 kg of liquid sodium (∼ 120 mm liquid column) at 550° C in open air, after which sodium was sucked back from the cavity of the concrete block into a sodium tank. On-line temperature monitoring was carried out at strategic locations of sodium pool and concrete block. After removing sodium from the cavity and cleaning the surfaces, rebound hammer testing was carried out on each concrete block at the same locations where data were taken earlier at pre-exposed stage. The statistical analysis of rebound hammer data revealed that one of the concrete block alone has undergone damage to the extent of 16%. The loss of mass occurred for all the four blocks varied from 0.6 to 2.4% due to release of water during the test duration. Chemical analysis of sodium in concrete samples collected from cavity floor of each block helped in generation of depth profiles of sodium monoxide concentration for each block. From this it is concluded that a bulk penetration of sodium up to 30 mm depth has taken place. However it was also observed that at few local spots, sodium penetrated into concrete up to 50 mm. Cylindrical core samples of 50 mm × 150 mm long were obtained from the exposed cavity and tested for compressive strength and longitudinal ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). These are compared with core samples obtained from concrete cubes used as standard reference. The average reduction in UPV and compressive strength were 7% and 29% respectively indicating marginal degradation in mechanical properties of sodium-exposed concrete.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF CEMENT-BASED COMPOSITE EXPOSED TO HIGH TEMPERATURES VIA ULTRASONIC PULSE METHOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Rozsypalová ◽  
Michal Vyhlídal ◽  
Richard Dvořák ◽  
Tomáš Majda ◽  
Libor Topolář ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Pulse Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Experimental Programme ◽  
Non Destructive

In this paper, the attention is paid to the investigation of the influence of high temperature acting on specimens made from specially designed cement-based composite. The experimental programme was carried out on six sets of beam specimens with the dimensions of 20 × 40 × 200 mm. The specimens were loaded to a pre-set temperature of 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 °C and then the temperature was kept for 60 minutes. When the temperature loading had been done, the specimens were left to cool down to the ambient temperature. After that, the ultrasonic pulse method was used to determine the degree of damage of temperature loaded specimens. The measured data obtained by this non-destructive method are in high correlation with values of informative compressive strength of the composite obtained after the temperature loading of specimens.

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