scholarly journals A Case of Recurrent Breast Cancer with Solitary Metastasis to the Urinary Bladder

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Carsten Nieder ◽  
Adam Pawinski
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Lobular Carcinoma ◽  
Palliative Radiotherapy ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Recurrent Breast Cancer ◽  
Endocrine Treatment ◽  
Metastatic Recurrence

Elderly patients with breast cancer often present with symptomatic, locoregionally advanced rather than screening-detected disease, thereby increasing the risk of metastatic recurrence during their remaining life time. Typical sites of metastases include lungs, bones, liver, and brain. Here we present a patient who developed a solitary urinary bladder metastasis five years after primary diagnosis of stage T4 N0 estrogen receptor-positive lobular carcinoma, while on continued adjuvant endocrine treatment (91 years of age). Anemia and increased serum creatinine resulting from hydronephrosis led to diagnosis of metastatic disease, which was confirmed by transurethral resection. The patient responded clinically to palliative radiotherapy and a different type of endocrine therapy. One year after diagnosis of metastatic disease, she died without signs of cancer progression.

scholarly journals Deregulation of protein phosphatase 2A inhibitor SET is associated with malignant progression in breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsunori Tozuka ◽  
Pattama Wongsirisin ◽  
Shigenori E. Nagai ◽  
Yasuhito Kobayashi ◽  
Miki Kanno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Protein Phosphatase 2A ◽  
Recurrent Breast Cancer ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Phosphatase 2A ◽  
Mcf 7

AbstractTo understand the mechanism underlying metastasis, identification of a mechanism-based and common biomarker for circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in heterogenous breast cancer is needed. SET, an endogenous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A, was overexpressed in all subtypes of invasive breast carcinoma tissues. Treatment with SET-targeted siRNAs reduced the motility of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in transwell assay. SET knockdown reduced the number of mammospheres by 60–70% in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, which was associated with the downregulation of OCT4 and SLUG. Hence, we analysed the presence of SET-expressing CTCs (SET-CTCs) in 24 breast cancer patients. CTCs were enriched using a size-based method and then immunocytochemically analysed using an anti-SET antibody. SET-CTCs were detected in 6/6 (100%) patients with recurrent breast cancer with a median value of 12 (12 cells/3 mL blood), and in 13/18 (72.2%) patients with stage I–III breast cancer with a median value of 2.5, while the median value of healthy controls was 0. Importantly, high numbers of SET-CTCs were correlated with lymph node metastasis in patients with stage I–III disease. Our results indicate that SET contributes to breast cancer progression and can act as a potential biomarker of CTCs for the detection of metastasis.

scholarly journals Enhancers mapping uncovers phenotypic heterogeneity and evolution in patients with luminal breast cancer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren K. Patten ◽  
Giacomo Corleone ◽  
Balázs Győrffy ◽  
Edina Erdős ◽  
Alina Saiakhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Phenotypic Heterogeneity ◽  
Endocrine Treatment ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Luminal Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Expression Of Genes

AbstractThe degree of intrinsic and interpatient phenotypic heterogeneity and its role in tumour evolution is poorly understood. Phenotypic divergence can be achieved via the inheritance of alternative transcriptional programs1,2. Cell-type specific transcription is maintained through the activation of epigenetically-defined regulatory regions including promoters and enhancers1,3,4. In this work, we annotated the epigenome of 47 primary and metastatic oestrogen-receptor (ERα)-positive breast cancer specimens from clinical samples, and developed strategies to deduce phenotypic heterogeneity from the regulatory landscape, identifying key regulatory elements commonly shared across patients. Highly shared regions contain a unique set of regulatory information including the motif for the transcription factor YY1. In vitro work shows that YY1 is essential for ERα transcriptional activity and defines the critical subset of functional ERα binding sites driving tumor growth in most luminal patients. YY1 also control the expression of genes that mediate resistance to endocrine treatment. Finally, we show that H3K27ac levels at active enhancer elements can be used as a surrogate of intra-tumor phenotypic heterogeneity, and to track expansion and contraction of phenotypic subpopulations throughout breast cancer progression. Tracking YY1 and SLC9A3R1 positive clones in primary and metastatic lesions, we show that endocrine therapies drive the expansion of phenotypic clones originally underrepresented at diagnosis. Collectively, our data show that epigenetic mechanisms significantly contribute to phenotypic heterogeneity and evolution in systemically treated breast cancer patients.

scholarly journals The lingering mysteries of metastatic recurrence in breast cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Alessandra I. Riggio ◽  
Katherine E. Varley ◽  
Alana L. Welm
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Systemic Therapy ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Metastatic Recurrence ◽  
Metastatic Relapse

AbstractDespite being the hallmark of cancer that is responsible for the highest number of deaths, very little is known about the biology of metastasis. Metastatic disease typically manifests after a protracted period of undetectable disease following surgery or systemic therapy, owing to relapse or recurrence. In the case of breast cancer, metastatic relapse can occur months to decades after initial diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we provide an overview of the known key factors that influence metastatic recurrence, with the goal of highlighting the critical unanswered questions that still need to be addressed to make a difference in the mortality of breast cancer patients.

Claudin 1, 3, 4, and 7 expression in triple-negative breast cancer.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1070-1070
Author(s):  
Beom Seok Ko ◽  
Hee Jeong Kim ◽  
Jong Han Yu ◽  
jong Won Lee ◽  
Byung Ho Sohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Endocrine Treatment ◽  
Lymph Node Status ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Breast Cancers

1070 Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) often grows rapidly and has poor prognosis, with a high recurrence rate. Because conventional endocrine treatment and HER2 targeted therapy for TNBC is invalid, chemotherapy is the only systemic treatment for TNBC. It is known that several subtypes within the TNBC show different responses to chemotherapy, depending on the subtypes. Recently, a claudin (CLDN) low breast cancer has been identified, exhibiting low expressions of CLDNs 1, 3, 4 and 7. CLDNs are transmembrane proteins that seal tight junctions and are critical for maintaining cell-to-cell adhesion in epithelial cell sheets. However, their role in cancer progression remains largely unexplored. Methods: Surgically removed, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded breast cancers from 341 TNBC patients were analyzed to identify CLDN expression.They underwent wide local excision or mastectomy between March, 2004 and December, 2007 at the breast surgery unit of Asan Medical Central Hospital. Results: In our tumor series, we found 45.0% (153/339) of high expressing cases for CLDN1, 57.0% (192/337) for CLDN3, 57.6% (194/337) for CLDN4 and 44.0% (149/339) for CLDN7. Overall, we found 20.5% (70/341) of cases were within the low CLDN expression group and 79.5% (271/341) of tumors were within the high expression group of CLDN1, 3, 4 ,7. Although the high CLDN expression group was significantly associated with positive lymph node status and higher stage, there were no significant differences between CLDN low and high groups in disease free survival (p=0.477) or overall survival (p=0.253). Conclusions: CLDN high tumors are associated with poor prognosis features, but they are not an independent prognostic factor in TNBC patients. However, the mechanisms underlying the different roles of CLDNs in tumorigenesis are largely unclear. Studying the associations of these CLDNs with the TNBC subgroup of breast cancers might provide us with potential diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for cancer cells.

scholarly journals Metastatic Breast Cancer to the Urinary Bladder in the Caribbean

2021 ◽  
pp. 1586-1590
Author(s):  
Saara Mohammed ◽  
Atiba Akii Bua
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Metastatic Sites

One of the most common cancers amongst women is breast cancer. The most common metastatic sites are the lymph nodes, lungs, liver, and bone. Metastatic spread to the urinary bladder is rare, and this case, as far as we are aware, is the first reported in the Caribbean. This patient developed urinary symptoms 4 years after her diagnosis of breast cancer. CT imaging showed thickening of the bladder wall, and histology confirmed metastatic breast cancer. As imaging modalities and cancer treatment improve, patients live longer with metastatic disease, and we will potentially see more unusual presentations of metastatic disease.

scholarly journals Atlas of Lobular Breast Cancer Models: Challenges and Strategic Directions

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5396
Author(s):  
George Sflomos ◽  
Koen Schipper ◽  
Thijs Koorman ◽  
Amanda Fitzpatrick ◽  
Steffi Oesterreich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Lobular Carcinoma ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Α ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Endocrine Treatment ◽  
Lobular Breast Cancer ◽  
Genetically Engineered Mouse Models ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Biological Aspects

Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) accounts for up to 15% of all breast cancer (BC) cases and responds well to endocrine treatment when estrogen receptor α-positive (ER+) yet differs in many biological aspects from other ER+ BC subtypes. Up to 30% of patients with ILC will develop late-onset metastatic disease up to ten years after initial tumor diagnosis and may experience failure of systemic therapy. Unfortunately, preclinical models to study ILC progression and predict the efficacy of novel therapeutics are scarce. Here, we review the current advances in ILC modeling, including cell lines and organotypic models, genetically engineered mouse models, and patient-derived xenografts. We also underscore four critical challenges that can be addressed using ILC models: drug resistance, lobular tumor microenvironment, tumor dormancy, and metastasis. Finally, we highlight the advantages of shared experimental ILC resources and provide essential considerations from the perspective of the European Lobular Breast Cancer Consortium (ELBCC), which is devoted to better understanding and translating the molecular cues that underpin ILC to clinical diagnosis and intervention. This review will guide investigators who are considering the implementation of ILC models in their research programs.

A multicenter phase II trial of the LH-RH analogue and an aromatase inhibitor combination in premenopausal patients with advanced or recurrent breast cancer refractory to an LH-RH analogue with tamoxifen: JMTO BC08-01.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 588-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiki Nishimura ◽  
Keisei Anan ◽  
Yutaka Yamamoto ◽  
Kenji Higaki ◽  
Maki Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitor ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Phase Ii Trial ◽  
Recurrent Breast Cancer ◽  
Endocrine Treatment ◽  
Premenopausal Patients ◽  
Recurrent Breast ◽  
Lh Rh

588 Background: The aim was to provide an endocrine therapy option against advanced (ABC) or recurrent breast cancer (RBC) in premenopausal women. We conducted an exploratory phase II trial in combination with an LH-RH analogue (LH-RHa) and an aromatase inhibitor (AI) to assess the efficacy and tolerability after failure of standard LH-RHa plus tamoxifen (TAM). Methods: Premenopausal patients (pts) with ER+ and/or PgR+ ABC or RBC refractory to LH-RHa + TAM were treated with LH-RHa (goserelin: GOS) and AI (anastrozole: ANA). The primary endpoint was an objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), clinical benefit rate (CBR) based on RECIST, and safety assessed using CTCAE ver. 3.0. Pts with only bone legions were assessed using the criteria by Japanese Breast Cancer Society (14th Ed.). Local assessment (CR, PR or long SD of 24 weeks or longer) was confirmed independently by two radiologists. Results: Between September 2008 and November 2010, 37 pts were enrolled at 10 clinical institutions in Japan. Eleven had recurrence either during, or within one year after the end of adjuvant GOS + TAM (including GOS + TAM followed by only TAM). The disease progressed in 26 women during GOS + TAM. Mean age and BMI were 43.5 years and 22.2 kg/m2, respectively. Thirty-five pts (94.6%) were ER+, and 36 pts (97.3%) were HER2- (one with unknown HER2 status). Non-endocrine treatment included chemotherapy (20 pts; 54%) and radiation therapy (13 pts; 35%). The viscera, soft tissue, and bones were treated in 17, 15 and 14 pts, respectively. Pts with both measurable lesions and bone metastasis, measurable lesions only, and only bone metastasis were 21 (57%), 15 (41%) and 1 (2%), respectively. ORR was 18.9% (95%CI: 8.0-35.2%, 1 CR and 6 PR cases), CBR 62.2% (23 pts, 95%CI: 44.8-77.5%), and median PFS was 7.2 months. Eight pts (21.6%) had adverse events, but none resulted in treatment discontinuation. GOS + ANA was well tolerated. Conclusions: LH-RHa (GOS) + ANA can be a subsequent endocrine treatment for premenopausal pts with ABC or RBC after failure of GOS + TAM.

Aromatase Inhibitors in Breast Cancer: An Update

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 490-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana E. Lake ◽  
Clifford Hudis
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitors ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Contralateral Breast Cancer ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Endocrine Treatment ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Disease Free

Background Tamoxifen has been the endocrine treatment of choice for patients with breast cancer. The development of selective aromatase inhibitors has offered an alternative management approach for patients in whom a hormonal approach is indicated. Methods The authors reviewed reports in which aromatase inhibitors were compared with tamoxifen for the treatment of metastatic disease, as well as information pertinent to their use as adjuvant therapy. Results Both nonsteroidal (anastrozole and letrozole) and steroidal (exemestane) aromatase inhibitors for metastatic disease appear to provide superior efficacy and a better toxicity profile in first- and second-line treatment of metastatic disease than tamoxifen. Early results from the ATAC trial suggest anastrozole is superior to tamoxifen for disease-free survival, particularly in receptor-positive patients, and in reducing the incidence of contralateral breast cancer. Conclusions Aromatase inhibitors have important roles in optimal management of postmenopausal patients with hormone-responsive metastases in both the adjuvant and advanced-disease settings.

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