scholarly journals Advanced Glycation End Products Play Adverse Proinflammatory Activities in Osteoporosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Sanguineti ◽  
Alessandra Puddu ◽  
François Mach ◽  
Fabrizio Montecucco ◽  
Giorgio Luciano Viviani
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Cross Links ◽  
High Level ◽  
Global Population

Osteoporosis is a major public health burden that is expected to further increase as the global population ages. In the last twenty years, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been shown to be critical mediators both in the pathogenesis and development of osteoporosis and other chronic degenerative diseases related to aging. The accumulation of AGEs within the bone induces the formation of covalent cross-links with collagen and other bone proteins which affects the mechanical properties of tissue and disturbs bone remodelling and deterioration, underlying osteoporosis. On the other hand, the gradual deterioration of the immune system during aging (defined as immunosenescence) is also characterized by the generation of a high level of oxidants and AGEs. The synthesis and accumulation of AGEs (both localized within the bone or in the systemic circulation) might trigger a vicious circle (in which inflammation and aging merged in the word “Inflammaging”) which can establish and sustain the development of osteoporosis. This narrative review will update the molecular mechanisms/pathways by which AGEs induce the functional and structural bone impairment typical of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Ethyl Pyruvate Prevents Renal Damage Induced by Methylglyoxal-Derived Advanced Glycation End Products

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Eunsoo Jung ◽  
Wan Seok Kang ◽  
Kyuhyung Jo ◽  
Junghyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Ethyl Pyruvate ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Cross Links

The renal accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is a causative factor of various renal diseases, including chronic kidney disease and diabetic nephropathy. AGE inhibitors, such as aminoguanidine and pyridoxamine, have the therapeutic activities for reversing the increase in renal AGE burden. This study evaluated the inhibitory effects of ethyl pyruvate (EP) on methylglyoxal- (MGO-) modified AGE cross-links with proteins in vitro. We also determined the potential activity of EP in reducing the renal AGE burden in exogenously MGO-injected rats. EP inhibited MGO-modified AGE-bovine serum albumin (BSA) cross-links to collagen (IC50=0.19±0.03 mM) in a dose-dependent manner, and its activity was stronger than aminoguanidine (IC50=35.97±0.85 mM). In addition, EP directly trapped MGO (IC50=4.41±0.08 mM) in vitro. In exogenous MGO-injected rats, EP suppressed AGE burden and MGO-induced oxidative injury in renal tissues. These activities of EP on the MGO-mediated AGEs cross-links with protein in vitro and in vivo showed its pharmacological potential for inhibiting AGE-induced renal diseases.

scholarly journals Role of Advanced Glycation End Products in Carcinogenesis and their Therapeutic Implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (44) ◽  
pp. 5245-5251 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Schröter ◽  
Annika Höhn
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Reduction Strategies

Aging is one of the biggest risk factors for the major prevalent diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration and cancer, but due to the complex and multifactorial nature of the aging process, the molecular mechanisms underlying age-related diseases are not yet fully understood. Research has been intensive in the last years aiming to characterize the pathophysiology of aging and develop therapies to fight age-related diseases. In this context advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have received attention. AGEs, when accumulated in tissues, significantly increase the level of inflammation in the body which has long been associated with the development of cancer. Here we discuss the classical settings promoting AGE formation, as well as reduction strategies, occurrence and relevance of AGEs in cancer tissues and the role of AGE-interaction with the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in cancer initiation and progression.

scholarly journals Effect of allithiamine on the level of hyperglycaemia-induced advanced glycation end products

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Attila Bíró ◽  
Judit Remenyik
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Isolated Compound

Diabetes mellitus is a rapidly growing public health burden in both developed and developing countries. Diabetes mellitus is accompanied by hyperglycaemia, which can cause tissue injury by several mechanisms. One of these is the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). In this study, the effect of allithaimine, a fat-soluble thiamine derivative, was investigated on hyperglycaemia-induced AGEs levels using human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as a hyperglycaemic model. HUVECs were isolated by enzymatic digestion, characterized by flow cytometer and treated 30 mM glucose plus allithaimine or thiamine or cell maintenance medium as control.  Allithiamine was synthesized and purified. The structure of the synthesized and isolated compound was verified by reverse phase HPLC and MALDI-TOF. AGEs were evaluated by ELISA. Collectively, our results indicate that allithiamine can reduce level of the hyperglycaemia-induced AGEs similar to thiamine.

scholarly journals Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs): An emerging concern for processed food industries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chetan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Cross Links ◽  
Microvascular And Macrovascular Complications

The global food industry is expected to increase more than US $ 7 trillion by 2014. This rise in processed food sector shows that more and more people are diverging towards modern processed foods. As modern diets are largely heat processed, they are more prone to contain high levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs are a group of complex and heterogeneous compounds which are known as brown and fluorescent cross-linking substances such as pentosidine, non-fluorescent cross-linking products such as methylglyoxal-lysine dimers (MOLD), or non-fluorescent, non-cross linking adducts such as carboxymethyllysine (CML) and pyrraline (a pyrrole aldehyde). Animal derived foods that are high in fat and protein are generally AGE-rich and prone to new AGE formation during cooking. Most studies on the biological effects of AGEs have been carried out by administering heated processed foods. AGEs contribute to a variety of microvascular and macrovascular complications through the formation of cross-links between molecules in the basement membrane of the extracellular matrix and by engaging the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE).The chemistry of AGE formation and their patho-biochemistry particularly in relation to the diabetic complications as well as their relation role in the aging discussed. The emerging evidence about the adverse effects of AGEs makes it necessary to investigate the different therapies to inhibit AGEs.

scholarly journals Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products and Its Involvement in Inflammatory Diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaw Kuang Chuah ◽  
Rusliza Basir ◽  
Herni Talib ◽  
Tung Hing Tie ◽  
Norshariza Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Immunoglobulin Superfamily ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a transmembrane receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily, capable of binding a broad repertoire of ligands. RAGE-ligands interaction induces a series of signal transduction cascades and lead to the activation of transcription factor NF-κB as well as increased expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. These effects endow RAGE with the role in the signal transduction from pathogen substrates to cell activation during the onset and perpetuation of inflammation. RAGE signaling and downstream pathways have been implicated in a wide spectrum of inflammatory-related pathologic conditions such as arteriosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, acute respiratory failure, and sepsis. Despite the significant progress in other RAGE studies, the functional importance of the receptor in clinical situations and inflammatory diseases still remains to be fully realized. In this review, we will summarize current understandings and lines of evidence on the molecular mechanisms through which RAGE signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of the aforementioned inflammation-associated conditions.

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