Fat Necrosis of the Breast: A Pictorial Review of the Mammographic, Ultrasound, CT, and MRI Findings with Histopathologic Correlation

Fat necrosis of the breast is a challenging diagnosis due to the various appearances on mammography, ultrasound, CT, PET-CT, and MRI. Although mammography is more specific, ultrasound is a very important tool in making the diagnosis of fat necrosis. MRI has a wide spectrum of findings for fat necrosis and the appearance is the result of the amount of the inflammatory reaction, the amount of liquefied fat, and the degree of fibrosis. While CT and PET-CT are not first line imaging examinations for the diagnosis of breast cancer or fat necrosis, they are frequently performed in the surveillance and staging of disease. Knowledge of how fat necrosis presents on these additional imaging techniques is important to prevent misinterpretation of the imaging findings. Gross and microscopic appearances of fat necrosis depend on the age of the lesion; the histologic examination of fat necrosis is usually straightforward. Knowledge of the variable appearances of fat necrosis on a vast array of imaging modalities will enhance a radiologist’s accuracy in the analysis and interpretation of fat necrosis versus other diagnoses.

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18Fluoro-choline PET/CT is a useful tool for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism negative at first-line imaging localization tecniques

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.70.aep207 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Matteo Apicella ◽

Stefano Bola ◽

Duccio Volterrani ◽

Laura Mazoni ◽

Gianluca Frustaci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽

First Line ◽

Choline Pet ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Line Imaging

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Thumb Injuries and Instabilities. Part 2: Spectrum of Lesions

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1730414 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (02) ◽

pp. 355-365

Author(s):

Alain G. Blum ◽

Marnix T. van Holsbeeck ◽

Stefano Bianchi

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissues ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Metacarpophalangeal Joint ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Ligament Injuries ◽

First Line ◽

Collateral Ligament ◽

Traumatic Injuries ◽

Line Imaging

AbstractThe motor function of the thumb and its alignment with regard to the hand make it particularly vulnerable to trauma. Pathology encountered in this joint is varied, and imaging techniques play a crucial role in the diagnosis and characterization of injury. Despite advances in imaging technology, acute thumb injuries remain a challenge for radiologists. Currently, standard radiography and ultrasonography are frequently used first-line imaging techniques. Computed tomography is most often indicated for complex fractures and dislocations. Magnetic resonance imaging may be used to optimally characterize soft tissues and bone marrow. In this article, we cover the most common traumatic injuries: fractures, dislocations, collateral ligament injuries of the metacarpophalangeal joint, as well as soft tissue lesions.

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Ultrasound imaging of acute scrotum: Pictorial review with etiological correlation

The ASEAN Journal of Radiology ◽

10.46475/aseanjr.2020.12 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 90-109

Author(s):

Anitha Mandava ◽

Veeraiah Koppula ◽

Rohit Yalamanchili ◽

Dilip Yadav ◽

Juluri Rakesh

Keyword(s):

Color Doppler ◽

Acute Scrotum ◽

Imaging Features ◽

First Line ◽

Surgical Exploration ◽

Pictorial Review ◽

Pictorial Essay ◽

Characteristic Imaging ◽

Line Imaging ◽

Urological Emergencies

High resolution ultrasound with color Doppler is the first-line imaging investigation in the evaluation of acute scrotum. It plays a crucial role in distinguishing urological emergencies necessitating immediate surgical exploration from those that can be managed conservatively. Acute scrotal pathologies can involve the scrotal sac or its contents like testis, epididymis and testicular appendages and could range from benign, self-limiting conditions to emergencies. In this pictorial essay, we briefly review the ultrasonographic technique, scrotal anatomy and characteristic imaging features of various pathologies presented as acute scrotum.

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Imaging in polymyalgia rheumatica

Reumatismo ◽

10.4081/reumatismo.2018.1040 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 51 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

N. Possemato ◽

C. Salvarani ◽

N. Pipitone

Keyword(s):

Polymyalgia Rheumatica ◽

Morning Stiffness ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Review Article ◽

Inflammatory Disorder ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Ct And Mri

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a chronic, inflammatory disorder of unknown cause clinically characterized by pain and prolonged morning stiffness affecting the shoulders and often the pelvic girdle and neck. Imaging has substantially contributed to defining PMR as a disease mainly involving extra-articular structures. This review article analyses the role of the different imaging techniques in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with PMR with particular emphasis on the role of ultrasound, PET/CT and MRI.

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A randomized trial comparing fluorocholine-PET/CT with conventional imaging in prostate cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2019.37.7_suppl.2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (7_suppl) ◽

pp. 2-2

Author(s):

Scott Williams ◽

Jean-Mathieu Beauregard ◽

Peter Roselt ◽

Kate Moody ◽

Richard Fisher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Progressive Disease ◽

Randomised Trial ◽

Whole Body ◽

Conventional Imaging ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

First Line ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Line Imaging

2 Background: We conducted a randomised trial comparing 18Flourocholine-PET/CT (FCH) to Computed Tomography (abdomen and pelvis) plus 99mTc-Whole Body Bone Scan (Conventional Imaging [CIm]) to determine imaging performance in prostate cancer (PC). Methods: This prospective two-arm 1:1 randomised trial enrolled men with newly diagnosed or biochemically recurrent PC to first-line imaging (FLI) with either CIm or FCH. Participants without evidence of metastases proceeded to second-line imaging (SLI) using the alternative imaging strategy. The primary aim was to determine whether FCH was more effective as a FLI approach in changing management. Secondary endpoints included incremental utility of SLI and negative predictive value (NPV) based on progression-free survival (PFS). Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12608000641392. Results: 108 men were enrolled; 44% were for staging of newly-diagnosed PC and median follow-up 43 months. Imaging impacted clinical management in 32.4% of men (95% CI=23.7-42.1%), mostly with FLI (n=30). High-impact management changes occurred in 27.8% (95% CI=16.5-41.6%) of FCH cases compared with 11.1% (95% CI=4.2-22.6%) in the CIm arm (p=0.032). The final management plan was derived using FCH in 98.1% (95% CI = 90.1-100%) of cases and 92.6% (95%CI = 82.1-97.9%) of CIm cases (p=0.242). FLI with FCH showed unequivocally N1 or M1 disease in 22.2% (95% CI = 12-35.6%), and 16.7% (95% CI = 7.9-29.3%; p= 0.531) of CIm cases. The overall NPV for stage TxN0M0 (from all imaging) was 26.3% (95% CI: 13.9 - 41.2%), with no significant difference between arms (p=0.9). For N1M0 cases, the NPV was 14.3% (95% CI: 7.1 - 35.7%). The identification of N1M0 by FCH resulted in a longer time to identification of progressive disease, with a median PFS of 32 months (95% CI=2-68months) compared with 3 months (95% CI=1-16 months) in the CIm N1M0 cohort (p=0.05). Conclusions: FCH-PET/CT identifies more high-clinical-impact lesions than CIm as first-line imaging. All imaging modalities were poor at predicting subsequent progressive disease. Isolated node-positive disease seen with FCH is associated with a longer time to - but similarly high rates of - recurrence, suggesting a lead-time bias. Clinical trial information: ACTRN12608000641392.

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Post traumatic deafness: a pictorial review of CT and MRI findings

Insights into Imaging ◽

10.1007/s13244-016-0490-9 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 341-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Olivier Maillot ◽

Arnaud Attyé ◽

Eric Boyer ◽

Olivier Heck ◽

Adrian Kastler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mri Findings ◽

Pictorial Review ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

Ct And Mri

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FDG PET/CT and MRI findings in a patient with focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis mimicking cystic renal malignancy

Clinical Nephrology ◽

10.5414/cn106762 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 76 (12) ◽

pp. 484-486 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

G. Cheng ◽

D.A. Torigian ◽

A. Alavi

Keyword(s):

Fdg Pet ◽

Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Fdg Pet Ct ◽

Ct And Mri

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Cross-sectional imaging of acute gynaecologic disorders: CT and MRI findings with differential diagnosis—part II: uterine emergencies and pelvic inflammatory disease

Insights into Imaging ◽

10.1186/s13244-019-0807-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pietro Valerio Foti ◽

Massimo Tonolini ◽

Valeria Costanzo ◽

Luca Mammino ◽

Stefano Palmucci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽

Inflammatory Disease ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pictorial Review ◽

Cross Sectional Imaging ◽

Sectional Imaging ◽

Ct And Mri

AbstractDue to the growing use of cross-sectional imaging in emergency departments, acute gynaecologic disorders are increasingly diagnosed on urgent multidetector computed tomography (CT) studies, often requested under alternative presumptive diagnoses in reproductive-age women. If clinical conditions and state-of-the-art scanner availability permit, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is superior to CT due to its more in-depth characterisationof abnormal or inconclusive gynaecological findings, owing to excellent soft-tissue contrast, intrinsic multiplanar capabilities and lack of ionising radiation.This pictorial review aims to provide radiologists with a thorough familiarity with gynaecologic emergencies by illustrating their CT and MRI appearances, in order to provide a timely and correct imaging diagnosis. Specifically, this second instalment reviews with examples and emphasis on differential diagnosis the main non-pregnancy-related uterine emergencies (including endometrial polyps, degenerated leiomyomas and uterine inversion) and the spectrum of pelvic inflammatory disease.

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Radiological Imaging Findings of a Case with Vertebral Osteoid Osteoma Leading to Brachial Neuralgia

Journal of Clinical Imaging Science ◽

10.4103/2156-7514.122324 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 54 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Erkan Gokce ◽

Erdoğan Ayan ◽

Fatih Çelikyay ◽

Berat Acu

Keyword(s):

Osteoid Osteoma ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Transverse Process ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Mri Findings ◽

X Ray ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Brachial Neuralgia ◽

Ct And Mri

Osteoid osteoma is a small, benign osteoblastic tumor consisting of a highly vascularized nidus of connective tissue surrounded by sclerotic bone. Three-quarters of osteoid osteomas are located in the long bones, and only 7-12% in the vertebral column. The classical clinical presentation of spinal osteoid osteoma is that of painful scoliosis. Other clinical features include nerve root irritation and night pain. Osteoid osteoma has characteristic computed tomography (CT) findings. Because magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the osteoid osteomas causing intense perinidal edema can be confusing, these patients should be evaluated with clinical findings and other imaging techniques. In this study, we present X-ray, CT, and MRI findings of a case with osteoid osteoma located in thoracic 1 vertebra left lamina and transverse process junction leading to brachial neuralgia symptoms.

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