scholarly journals A TDoA Localization Scheme for Underwater Sensor Networks with Use of Multilinear Chirp Signals

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
En Cheng ◽  
Xizhou Lin ◽  
Shengli Chen ◽  
Fei Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Fractional Fourier Transform ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Multiple Access Interference ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Theoretical Derivation ◽  
Acoustic Sensor Networks ◽  
Localization Scheme ◽  
Efficient Detection ◽  
Node Location

Due to the multipath, Doppler, and other effects, the node location signals have high probability of access collision in the underwater acoustic sensor networks (UW-ASNs), and therefore, it causes the signal lost and the access block; therefore, it constrains the networks performance. In this paper, we take the multilinear chirp (MLC) signals as the location signal to improve the anticollision ability. In order to increase the detection efficiency of MLC, we propose a fast efficient detection method called mixing change rate-fractional Fourier transform (MCR-FrFT). This method transforms the combined rates of MLC into symmetry triangle rates and then separates the multiuser signals based on the transformed rates by using FrFT. Theoretical derivation and simulation results show that the proposed method can detect the locations signals, estimate the time difference of arrival (TDoA), reduce the multiple access interference, and improve the location performance.

scholarly journals A Cluster Based Localization Scheme with Partition Handling for Mobile Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Islam ◽  
Yong Kyu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Partitioning ◽  
Acoustic Sensor Networks ◽  
Localization Scheme ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Partitioned Networks ◽  
Retransmission Control

Many applications of underwater sensor networks (UWSNs), such as target tracking, reconnaissance and surveillance, and marine life monitoring require information about the geographic locations of the sensed data. This makes the localization of sensor nodes a crucial part of such underwater sensing missions. In the case of mobile UWSNs, the problem becomes challenging, not only due to a need for the periodic tracking of nodes, but also due to network partitioning as a result of the pseudo-random mobility of nodes. In this work, we propose an energy efficient solution for localizing nodes in partitioned networks. Energy consumption is minimized by clustering unlocalized partitioned nodes and allowing only clusterheads to carry out a major part of the localization procedure on behalf of the whole cluster. Moreover, we introduce a retransmission control scheme that reduces energy consumption by controlling unnecessary transmission. The major design goal of our work is to maximize localization coverage while keeping communication overheads at a minimum, thus achieving better energy efficiency. The major contributions of this paper include a clustering technique for localizing partitioned nodes and a retransmission control strategy that reduces unnecessary transmissions.

Multi-AUV Aided Cooperative 3D-localization for Underwater Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiyan Zhang ◽  
Wenyu Cai
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Location Estimation ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Coverage Ratio ◽  
Minimum Mean Squared Error ◽  
3D Localization ◽  
Localization Scheme

Background: Effective 3D-localization in mobile underwater sensor networks is still an active research topic. Due to the sparse characteristic of underwater sensor networks, AUVs (Autonomous Underwater Vehicles) with precise positioning abilities will benefit cooperative localization. It has important significance to study accurate localization methods. Methods: In this paper, a cooperative and distributed 3D-localization algorithm for sparse underwater sensor networks is proposed. The proposed algorithm combines with the advantages of both recursive location estimation of reference nodes and the outstanding self-positioning ability of mobile AUV. Moreover, our design utilizes MMSE (Minimum Mean Squared Error) based recursive location estimation method in 2D horizontal plane projected from 3D region and then revises positions of un-localized sensor nodes through multiple measurements of Time of Arrival (ToA) with mobile AUVs. Results: Simulation results verify that the proposed cooperative 3D-localization scheme can improve performance in terms of localization coverage ratio, average localization error and localization confidence level. Conclusion: The research can improve localization accuracy and coverage ratio for whole underwater sensor networks.

SecRET

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Sudip Misra ◽  
Tamoghna Ojha ◽  
Madhusoodhanan P
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Location Information ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Node Localization ◽  
Limited Bandwidth ◽  
Secure Localization ◽  
Localization Scheme ◽  
Monitoring Application ◽  
Fundamental Requirement

Node localization is a fundamental requirement in underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) due to the ineptness of GPS and other terrestrial localization techniques in the underwater environment. In any UWSN monitoring application, the sensed information produces a better result when it is tagged with location information. However, the deployed nodes in UWSNs are vulnerable to many attacks, and hence, can be compromised by interested parties to generate incorrect location information. Consequently, using the existing localization schemes, the deployed nodes are unable to autonomously estimate the precise location information. In this regard, similar existing schemes for terrestrial wireless sensor networks are not applicable to UWSNs due to its inherent mobility, limited bandwidth availability, strict energy constraints, and high bit-error rates. In this article, we propose SecRET , a <underline>Sec</underline>ure <underline>R</underline>ange-based localization scheme empowered by <underline>E</underline>vidence <underline>T</underline>heory for UWSNs. With trust-based computations, the proposed scheme, SecRET , enables the unlocalized nodes to select the most reliable set of anchors with low resource consumption. Thus, the proposed scheme is adaptive to many attacks in UWSN environment. NS-3 based performance evaluation indicates that SecRET maintains energy-efficiency of the deployed nodes while ensuring efficient and secure localization, despite the presence of compromised nodes under various attacks.

scholarly journals ProLo: Localization via Projection for Three-Dimensional Mobile Underwater Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhou ◽  
Yushi Li ◽  
Hejun Wu ◽  
Zhimin Ding ◽  
Xiying Li
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mobile Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Water Currents ◽  
Localization Scheme ◽  
Moving Direction ◽  
Gps Devices

We study the problem of three-dimensional localization of the underwater mobile sensor networks using only range measurements without GPS devices. This problem is challenging because sensor nodes often drift with unknown water currents. Consequently, the moving direction and speed of a sensor node cannot be predicted. Moreover, the motion devices of the sensor nodes are not accurate in underwater environments. Therefore, we propose an adaptive localization scheme, ProLo, taking these uncertainties into consideration. This scheme applies the rigidity theory and maintains a virtual rigid structure through projection. We have proved the correctness of this three-dimensional localization scheme and also validated it using simulation. The results demonstrate that ProLo is promising for real mobile underwater sensor networks with various noises and errors.

scholarly journals A Two-Stage Localization Scheme with Partition Handling for Data Tagging in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Islam ◽  
Yong Kyu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Location Estimation ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Partitioning ◽  
Network Location ◽  
Reference Node ◽  
Relative Localization ◽  
Localization Scheme

Knowledge about the geographic coordinates of underwater sensor nodes is of primary importance for many applications and protocols of under water sensor networks (UWSNs) thus making localization of sensor nodes a crucial part of underwater network design. In case of mobile underwater sensor network, location estimation becomes challenging not only due to the need for periodic tracking of nodes, but also due to network partitioning caused by the pseudo-random mobility of nodes. Our proposed technique accomplishes the task of localization in two stages: (1) relative localization of sensor nodes with respect to a reference node at regular intervals during sensing operation. (2) Offline absolute localization of sensor nodes using absolute coordinates of the reference node and relative locations estimated during stage 1. As our protocol deals with mobile underwater sensor networks that may introduce network partitioning, we also propose a partition handling routine to deal with network partitions to achieve high localization coverage. The major design goal of our work is to maximize localization coverage while keeping communication overhead minimum, thus achieving better energy efficiency. Major contributions of this paper are: (1) Two energy efficient relative localization techniques, and (2) A partition handling strategy that ensures localization of partitioned nodes.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Survey of Recent Routing Protocols for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (19) ◽  
pp. 4256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Islam ◽  
Lee
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Node Mobility ◽  
Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Routing Schemes ◽  
Acoustic Sensor Networks ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Core Characteristics

Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSN) have attracted huge attention due to their significance in oceanic observation and exploration. They offer a vast number of applications, many of which require routing the sensed data to a centralized location. This makes routing an important part of the design of such applications. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of recently proposed routing protocols for UWSNs. We evaluate the proposed schemes through an extensive set of parameters that define the core characteristics of a routing protocol. Moreover, we present a summary of the methods used by each scheme to familiarize readers with the basic operations of the schemes. We also present our view of the strengths and weakness of each scheme. For ease of description, the addressed routing protocols are divided into two categories: localization-based, and localization-free routing schemes. Each of the two categories is further divided into the protocols that consider node mobility, and those that do not. Lastly, we present our view on open research topics.

A LOW-COST RANGE-FREE LOCALIZATION SCHEME FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL UNDERWATER SENSOR NETWORKS

2013 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350005
Author(s):  
XIANLING LU ◽  
DEYING LI ◽  
YI HONG ◽  
WENPING CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Transmission Power ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Localization Scheme ◽  
Variable Transmission ◽  
Anchor Nodes ◽  
Range Free

Localization is one of the fundamental tasks for underwater sensors networks (USNs). It is required for data tagging, target detection, route protocols, and so on. In this paper, we propose an efficient low-cost range-free localization scheme for 3D underwater sensor networks (3D-LRLS) without any additional hardware infrastructure. In our scheme, each anchor node has variable transmission power levels. At first, the power levels of each anchor are decided by the Delaunay triangulation for the network space. Then, ordinary sensors listen to the beacons sent from the anchor nodes. Based on the beacon messages, each node calculates its location individually by a low computational complexity method. The extensive simulation results demonstrate that 3D-LRLS is efficient in terms of both localization ratio and localization accuracy.

scholarly journals Distributed Learning for Dynamic Channel Access in Underwater Sensor Networks

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huicheol Shin ◽  
Yongjae Kim ◽  
Seungjae Baek ◽  
Yujae Song
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Throughput ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Channel Access ◽  
Q Learning ◽  
Acoustic Sensor Networks ◽  
Access Problem ◽  
Markov Decision ◽  
Dynamic Channel ◽  
Physical Features

In this study, the problem of dynamic channel access in distributed underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) is considered. First, we formulate the dynamic channel access problem in UASNs as a multi-agent Markov decision process, wherein each underwater sensor is considered an agent whose objective is to maximize the total network throughput without coordinating with or exchanging messages among different underwater sensors. We then propose a distributed deep Q-learning-based algorithm that enables each underwater sensor to learn not only the behaviors (i.e., actions) of other sensors, but also the physical features (e.g., channel error probability) of its available acoustic channels, in order to maximize the network throughput. We conduct extensive numerical evaluations and verify that the performance of the proposed algorithm is similar to or even better than the performance of baseline algorithms, even when implemented in a distributed manner.

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