scholarly journals Preventive Effects ofHouttuynia cordataExtract for Oral Infectious Diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuko Sekita ◽  
Keiji Murakami ◽  
Hiromichi Yumoto ◽  
Takashi Amoh ◽  
Natsumi Fujiwara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Oral Keratinocytes ◽  
Oral Epithelial Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oral Epithelial

Houttuynia cordata(HC) (Saururaceae) has been used internally and externally as a traditional medicine and as an herbal tea for healthcare in Japan. Our recent survey showed that HC poultice (HCP) prepared from smothering fresh leaves of HC had been frequently used for the treatment of purulent skin diseases with high effectiveness. Our experimental study also demonstrated that ethanol extract of HCP (eHCP) has antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-inflammatory effects againstS. aureuswhich caused purulent skin diseases. In this study, we focused on novel effects of HCP against oral infectious diseases, such as periodontal disease and dental caries. We determined the antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of water solution of HCP ethanol extract (wHCP) against important oral pathogens and investigated its cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effects on human oral epithelial cells. wHCP had moderate antimicrobial effects against some oral microorganisms and profound antibiofilm effects againstFusobacterium nucleatum,Streptococcus mutans, andCandida albicans. In addition, wHCP had no cytotoxic effects and could inhibit interleukin-8 and CCL20 productions byPorphyromonas gingivalislipopolysaccharide-stimulated human oral keratinocytes. Our findings suggested that wHCP may be clinically useful for preventing oral infectious diseases as a mouthwash for oral care.

scholarly journals Role of FAD-I in Fusobacterial Interspecies Interaction and Biofilm Formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhumika Shokeen ◽  
Jane Park ◽  
Emily Duong ◽  
Sonam Rambhia ◽  
Manash Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Interspecies Interaction ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Oral Epithelial Cells ◽  
Small Proteins ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
Oral Epithelial ◽  
Wild Type Parent

RadD, a major adhesin of oral fusobacteria, is part of a four-gene operon encoding the small lipoprotein FAD-I and two currently uncharacterized small proteins encoded by the rapA and rapB genes. Previously, we described a role for FAD-I in the induction of human B-defensin 2 (hBD2) upon contact with oral epithelial cells. Here, we investigated potential roles for fad-I, rapA, and rapB in interspecies interaction and biofilm formation. Gene inactivation mutants were generated for each of these genes in the nucleatum and polymorphum subspecies of Fusobacterium nucleatum and characterized for their adherence to partner species, biofilm formation, and operon transcription. Binding to Streptococcus gordonii was increased in all mutant strains with Δfad-I having the most significant effect. This increased adherence was directly proportional to elevated radD transcript levels and resulted in significantly different architecture and height of the biofilms formed by Δfad-I and S. gordonii compared to the wild-type parent. In conclusion, FAD-I is important for fusobacterial interspecies interaction as its lack leads to increased production of the RadD adhesin suggesting a role of FAD-I in its regulation. This regulatory effect does not require the presence of functional RadD.

scholarly journals Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn.

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipa Khanam ◽  
Debashish Deb ◽  
Shrabanti Dev ◽  
Masum Shahriar ◽  
Asish K Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. (Verbenaceae) is very popular among the traditional practitioners in Bangladesh for the treatment of local pain and inflammation, skin diseases, topical burns etc. However, so far no scientific study has been carried out which may support its uses in traditional medicine. In the present study, we evaluated the possible analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanol extract of C. inerme for the first time. Analgesic activity was assessed by using acetic acid-induced writhing and heat-induced pain in mice and anti-inflammatory activity using xylene-induced ear edema in mice at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight. The extract significantly (P< 0.05) attenuated the acetic acid-induced writhing with the highest activity being observed at 500 mg/kg b.w. (45.83%) comparable to that of diclofenac sodium (57.64%), the standard drug. A significant dosedependent increase (P< 0.05) of the latency period was also observed in hot plate method. In the xylene-induced inflammation assay, the extract showed significant (P<0.05) and dose dependant inhibitory effect on the edema formation. These findings indicate that the extract has significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities which support the folkloric claim of this plant and thus it has a great potential as source of natural products-derived drug. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v17i1.22317 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 17(1): 62-66, 2014

Anti-inflammatory and protective effects of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymer on oral epithelial cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromichi Yumoto ◽  
Katsuhiko Hirota ◽  
Kouji Hirao ◽  
Tsuyoshi Miyazaki ◽  
Nobuyuki Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oral Epithelial Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oral Epithelial

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory effects of olanexidine gluconate on oral epithelial cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Nii ◽  
Hiromichi Yumoto ◽  
Katsuhiko Hirota ◽  
Yoichiro Miyake
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Chemokine Production ◽  
Oral Epithelial Cells ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oral Epithelial

Abstract Background Periodontitis is a biofilm-induced chronic inflammatory condition of the periodontium. Chemokines produced by the innate and acquired immune responses play a significant role in disease progression. Reducing biofilm formation and inflammatory response caused by chemokines is vital for preventing and treating periodontitis. Previously, we observed that treatment with 0.1% olanexidine gluconate (OLG) inhibited biofilm formation on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of OLG on oral epithelial cells. Methods We examined if OLG could inhibit the inflammatory responses caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and heat-killed P. gingivalis in immortalized human oral keratinocytes (RT7). Results Treatment of RT7 with non-cytotoxic OLG concentrations significantly inhibited the production of inflammatory chemokines such as interleukin 8 (IL-8), C-C motif ligand 20 (CCL20), and growth-related oncogene protein-α (GRO-α), which are stimulated by P. gingivalis LPS in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, the inhibitory effects were observed regardless of the treatment time with P. gingivalis LPS (6, 12, or 24 h). OLG also significantly inhibited chemokine production stimulated by heat-killed P. gingivalis. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that treatment with OLG inhibits chronic inflammatory reactions in oral mucosal cells, such as periodontitis, caused by oral bacteria.

scholarly journals NOD1 and NOD2 Mediate Sensing of Periodontal Pathogens

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Okugawa ◽  
T. Kaneko ◽  
A. Yoshimura ◽  
N. Silverman ◽  
Y. Hara
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Human Embryonic Kidney Cells ◽  
Oral Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oral Epithelial ◽  
Oligomerization Domain

In bacterial infection, Nucleotide-binding Oligomerization Domain (NOD) 1 and NOD2 induce innate immune responses by recognizing fragments of the bacterial component peptidoglycan (PGN). To determine the roles of these receptors in detection of periodontal pathogens, we stimulated human embryonic kidney cells expressing NOD1 or NOD2 with heat-killed Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Fusobacterium nucleatum or their soluble PGNs (sPGNs). All bacteria and their sPGNs could stimulate activation of NF-κB. However, there were differences in NOD1- and NOD2-stimulatory activities among the species of bacteria. P. gingivalis showed weaker NOD1- and NOD2-stimulatory activities than did other bacteria. These differences in activities were confirmed by production of interleukin-8 from oral epithelial cells stimulated with sPGNs. These findings indicate that both NOD1 and NOD2 might be involved in the recognition of periodontal pathogens, and that the weak NOD-stimulatory property of P. gingivalis might be helpful for survival in the periodontal pocket.

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