scholarly journals Influence of Androgen Receptor Gene CAG and GGC Polymorphisms on Male Sexual Function: A Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Tirabassi ◽  
Giovanni Corona ◽  
Sara Falzetti ◽  
Nicola delli Muti ◽  
Mario Maggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Erectile Function ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Androgen Receptor Gene ◽  
Cag Repeats ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cag Polymorphism ◽  
Sexual Assessment

Background. No study has assessed the possible involvement of GGC androgen receptor (AR) polymorphism in sexual function. Our aim is to evaluate the association between CAG and GGC AR polymorphisms in this function.Methods. We retrospectively examined eighty-five outpatients. Clinical, biochemical, and genetic parameters were considered. Sexual assessment was performed using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) which evaluates erectile function (EF), orgasmic function (OF), sexual desire (SD), intercourse satisfaction (IS), and overall satisfaction (OS).Results. In the whole sample, CAG repeats were inversely correlated with EF, OF, and total IIEF-15 score, whereas GGC tracts did not show any significant correlation with sexual function. CAG relationship with IIEF items retained significance only in the eugonadal but not in the hypogonadal cohort. On the other hand, GGC tracts were not found to be significantly correlated with IIEF variables in either eugonadal or hypogonadal subjects. In eugonadal subjects, logistic regression pointed out that a higher number of CAG triplets were associated with lower values of EF, OF, SD, OS, and total IIEF independently from other confounders.Conclusions. GGC polymorphism seems not to exert any influence on sexual function, whereas CAG polymorphism appears to affect sexual parameters only in eugonadal subjects.

scholarly journals Study of the effect of CAG polymorphism of the androgen receptor (AR) gene on spermatological parameters in Russian men

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Л.П. Меликян ◽  
Е.А. Близнец ◽  
М.И. Штаут ◽  
А.О. Седова ◽  
Т.М. Сорокина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Androgen Receptor Gene ◽  
Cag Repeats ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cag Polymorphism ◽  
Exon 1 ◽  
Male Patients

Полиморфизм CAG-повторов в экзоне 1 гена андрогенового рецептора (AR/HUMARA) ассоциирован с патозооспермией и нарушением мужской фертильности, однако его влияние на сперматогенез и показатели семенной жидкости недостаточно изучено. В статье представлены результаты исследования влияния количества CAG-повторов гена AR на показатели спермограммы у российских мужчин с бесплодием в браке, связанным с патозооспермией (n=451), и у мужчин с нормозооспермией - контрольная группа (n=131). Не выявлено зависимости концентрации и общего количества сперматозоидов в эякуляте, доли (%) прогрессивно подвижных (PR), морфологически нормальных и живых сперматозоидов от количества CAG-повторов гена андрогенового рецептора. У пациентов с тератозооспермией количество CAG-повторов статистически значимо выше, чем у мужчин без тератозооспермии (22,37±3,20 против 22,15±3,12; р=0,02). Polymorphism of CAG repeats in exon 1 of the androgen receptor gene (AR/HUMARA) is associated with pathozoospermia and male sub-/infertility, but its effect on spermatogenesis and seminal fluid parameters is under evaluated. The article presents the results of a study of CAG repeats in AR gene on semen parameters in Russian male patients from infertile couples with pathozoospermia (n = 451), and in normozoospermic men, a control group (n = 131). The analysis of the groups revealed no dependence of the concentration indices, the total amount and amount (%) of progressively motile («PR»), morphologically normal and live spermatozoa from the number of CAG repeats of the AR gene. Teratozoospermic patients have statistically significantly higher number of CAG repeats, than men without teratozoospermia (22.37 ± 3.20 versus 22.15 ± 3.12; p = 0.02).

scholarly journals Androgen receptor gene CAG and GGC repeat lengths in cryptorchidism

2005 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ferlin ◽  
Andrea Garolla ◽  
Andrea Bettella ◽  
Lucia Bartoloni ◽  
Cinzia Vinanzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Androgen Receptor Gene ◽  
Cag Repeats ◽  
Exon 1 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Receptor Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Congenital Birth Defect

Objective: Cryptorchidism is the most common congenital birth defect in male children, and accumulating evidence suggests that genetic abnormalities may be associated with it. The androgen receptor has two polymorphic sites in exon 1, with different numbers of CAG and GGC repeats, resulting in variable lengths of polyglutamine and polyglycine stretches. Longer CAG repeats result in a reduced androgen receptor transcriptional activity, but the role of the GGC triplets is less clear. In this study we analysed CAG and GGC repeat lengths in men with a history of cryptorchidism, associated or not with impairment of sperm production, in comparison with normal fertile subjects. Methods: We analysed CAG and GGC repeat lengths in a group of 105 ex-cryptorchid men in comparison with 115 fertile non-cryptorchid men. Results: No difference was found between patients and controls in the mean and median values, and in distribution of CAG and GGC, when considered separately. However, the analysis of the joint distribution of CAG and GGC showed that some combinations are significantly more frequent in men with bilateral cryptorchidism (who frequently presented severe testiculopathies), in a manner similar to that found in idiopathic infertile subjects. Conclusions: Although further studies are needed to elucidate the possible role of specific CAG/GGC combinations as a causative factor, these data suggest a possible association between androgen receptor gene polymorphisms and cryptorchidism.

CAG Repeats in the androgen receptor gene is associated with oligozoospermia and teratozoospermia in infertile men in Jordan

Andrologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazhar Salim Al Zoubi ◽  
Hamzah Bataineh ◽  
Mitri Rashed ◽  
Bahaa Al‐Trad ◽  
Alaa A. A. Aljabali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Androgen Receptor Gene ◽  
Cag Repeats ◽  
Infertile Men

scholarly journals Cag Repeat Number in the Androgen Receptor Gene and Prostate Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Madjunkova ◽  
A Eftimov ◽  
V Georgiev ◽  
D Petrovski ◽  
A Dimovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Androgen Receptor Gene ◽  
Repeat Length ◽  
Cag Repeat ◽  
Cag Repeats ◽  
Repeat Number

Cag Repeat Number in the Androgen Receptor Gene and Prostate CancerProstate cancer (PC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men. The effects of androgens on prostatic tissue are mediated by the androgen receptor (AR) gene. The 5' end of exon 1 of the AR gene includes a polymorphic CAG triplet repeat that numbers between 10 to 36 in the normal population. The length of the CAG repeats is inversely related to the transactivation function of the AR gene. There is controversy over association between short CAG repeat numbers in the AR gene and PC. This retrospective case-control study evaluates the possible effect of short CAG repeats on the AR gene in prostate cancer risk in Macedonian males. A total of 392 male subjects, 134 PC patients, 106 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 152 males from the general Macedonian population were enrolled in this study. The CAG repeat length was determined by fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of exon1 of the AR gene followed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) on a genetic analyzer. The mean repeat length in PC patients was 21.5 ±2.65, in controls 22.28 ±2.86 (p = 0.009) and in BPH patients 22.1 ±2.52 (p = 0.038). Short CAG repeats (<19) were found in 21.64% of PC patients vs. 9.43% in BPH patients (p = 0.0154). We also found an association of low Gleason score (<7) with short CAG repeat (<19) in PC patients (p = 0.0306), and no association between the age at diagnosis of PC and BPH and CAG repeat length. These results suggest that reduced CAG repeat length may be associated with increased prostate cancer risk in Macedonian men.

CAG Repeat Polymorphism in the Androgen Receptor Gene in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIOLETTA DZIEDZIEJKO ◽  
MATEUSZ KURZAWSKI ◽  
KRZYSZTOF SAFRANOW ◽  
ANDRZEJ OSSOWSKI ◽  
JAROSLAW PIATEK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
White Women ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Androgen Receptor Gene ◽  
Cag Repeat ◽  
Cag Repeats ◽  
Repeat Polymorphism ◽  
Erosive Disease

Objective.Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory disease, with a genetic and hormonal background. The prevalence of women among patients with RA suggests the important role of sex hormones in the pathogenesis of RA. We examined the association between CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor (AR) gene and susceptibility to RA and its clinical features in white women.Methods.The study groups consisted of 325 female patients with RA and 238 female controls. CAG repeat polymorphism was determined using polymerase chain reaction and subsequent fragment analysis by capillary electrophoresis.Results.The number of CAG repeats in patients did not differ from that of controls (22.1 ± 2.9 vs 21.9 ± 2.9, respectively; p = 0.26), but the presence of articular erosions was associated with a lower number of repeats in the shorter allele of patients with RA (20.4 ± 2.2 vs 21.2 ± 2.4; p = 0.031). When alleles with < 22 CAG were classified as short (S) and those with ≥ 22 CAG as long (L), the age at diagnosis of RA was lower in women with S-S genotype in comparison to combined S-L + L-L genotypes (43.0 ± 14.6 yrs vs 47.6 ± 12.5 yrs; p = 0.021). In patients with the L-L genotype, the frequency of erosive disease (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.25–0.80, p = 0.0085) and extraarticular manifestations (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.26–0.98, p = 0.047) was lower in comparison to carriers of the S allele. In multivariate analysis, the L-L genotype was an independent factor associated with a lower risk of erosions (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.22–0.90, p = 0.024).Conclusion.The results suggest the association of short AR (CAG)n alleles with earlier onset and a more aggressive course of RA.

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