scholarly journals Blast Protection of Unreinforced Masonry Walls: A State-of-the-Art Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Lantz ◽  
Joshua Maynez ◽  
Wesley Cook ◽  
Claudia Mara Dias Wilson
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Blast Loading ◽  
Unreinforced Masonry ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Blast Protection ◽  
Mitigation Techniques

The recent rise of terrorist attacks has reinforced the need for mitigation of damage caused by blast loading on unreinforced masonry walls. The primary goal of the techniques is to prevent the loss of life while simultaneously preserving the integrity of the structure. This paper presents a compilation of recently available literature on blast protection of unreinforced masonry walls. It seeks to present the state of the art in this field, including mitigation techniques considered as well as testing methods selected. Fiber reinforced polymers and polyurea are the two dominant retrofitting techniques being assessed in the field. Other techniques include but are not limited to polyurethane, steel sheets, and aluminum foam. Since there is no widely implemented standard for blast loading test procedures, direct comparisons between the efficiencies of the mitigation techniques proposed are not always feasible. Although fragmentation is an indicator of the efficiency of retrofits, it is currently measured by subjective observation of postblast debris.

scholarly journals In Plane Cyclic Behavior of Masonry Walls Jacketed with Fiber Reinforced Mortar and Fiber Grids

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viorel Popa ◽  
Radu Pascu ◽  
Andrei Papurcu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Cyclic Behavior ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Seismic Action ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Displacement Capacity

Abstract Masonry buildings represent the most vulnerable part of the building stock to seismic action in Romania. The main goal of this experimental research program is to investigate the efficiency of several retrofitting solutions using fiber reinforced polymers. Research focused on the lateral strength and displacement capacity of the retrofitted specimens. The masonry walls were built using solid bricks. Glass or carbon fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP or CFRP) embedded in a fiber reinforced mortar layer were used for jacketing. Seven specimens having essentially 25cm width, 1,75m height and 2,10m length were tested in the experimental research program. These specimens were subjected to a constant vertical compressive stress of 1,2MPa. A quasi-static load protocol was considered for the horizontal loading. This paper presents the layout of the experimental research program and some preliminary results.

scholarly journals FRP REINFORCEMENT FOR CONCRETE STRUCTURES: STATE-OF-THE-ART REVIEW OF APPLICATION AND DESIGN

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenijus Gudonis ◽  
Edgaras Timinskas ◽  
Viktor Gribniak ◽  
Gintaris Kaklauskas ◽  
Aleksandr K. Arnautov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Frp Composites ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Concrete Elements

Fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) are considered to be a promising alternative to steel reinforcement, especially in concrete structures subjected to an aggressive environment or to the effects of electromagnetic fields. Although attempts to develop effective reinforcement have been followed, the application of FRPs remains limited by the solution to simple structural problems that mainly appear due to the absence of design codes, significant variation in the material properties of FRP composites and limited knowledge gained by engineers as regards the application aspects of FRP composites and structural mechanics of concrete elements reinforced with FRPs. To fill the latter gap, the current state-of-the-art report is dedicated to present recent achievements in FRPs applying practice to a broad engineers’ community. The report also revises the manufacturing process, material properties, the application area and design peculiarities of concrete elements reinforced with FRP composites. Along the focus on internal reinforcement, the paper overviews recent practices of applying FRP reinforced concrete (RC) elements in structural engineering. The review highlights the main problems restricting the application of FRPs in building industry and reveals the problematic issues (related to the material properties of the FRP) important for designing RC following the formulation of targets for further research.

Seismic Strength of Reinforced Multi-Storey Masonry Walls

2014 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Como
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Behavior ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Masonry Buildings ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Out Of Plane

Analysis of force transmission through the various structural components is needed to the full understanding of the seismic behavior of masonry buildings. It is in fact necessary to identify the weak links of the chain and define the essential reinforcements to insert in the structure. In this context the Paper analyzes the strengths of masonry walls under the action of out of plane and in plane horizontal forces and compares the systems of reinforcement of the walls that can use steel or Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP).

scholarly journals State-of-the-art of fiber-reinforced polymers in additive manufacturing technologies

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (15) ◽  
pp. 1061-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hofstätter ◽  
David B Pedersen ◽  
Guido Tosello ◽  
Hans N Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Material Technology ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Multiple Materials ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Material

Additive manufacturing technologies have received a lot of attention in recent years for their use in multiple materials such as metals, ceramics, and polymers. The aim of this review article is to analyze the technology of fiber-reinforced polymers and its implementation with additive manufacturing. This article reviews recent developments, ideas, and state-of-the-art technologies in this field. Moreover, it gives an overview of the materials currently available for fiber-reinforced material technology.

Numerical Derivation of Pressure-Impulse Diagrams for Unreinforced Brick Masonry Walls

2011 ◽  
Vol 368-373 ◽  
pp. 1435-1439
Author(s):  
Xue Ying Wei ◽  
Tuo Huang ◽  
Nan Li
Keyword(s):  
Blast Loading ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Unreinforced Masonry ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Strain Rate Effects ◽  
Pressure Impulse ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
Blast Response ◽  
Rate Effects ◽  
Brick And Mortar

Pressure-impulse diagrams have been extensively used for damage assessments of structural components subject to a specified blast loading. In this paper, a numerical method is used to generate pressure-impulse diagrams for unreinforced masonry walls subjected to blast loading. A previously developed plastic damage material model accounting for strain rate effects is used for brick and mortar. Three levels of damage criteria are defined based on maximum deflection of the wall and rotation of the supports. The obtained blast response for unreinforced masonry walls are validated against field test data. It is shown that the obtained pressure-impulse diagrams have an improved ability to evaluate the damage level of masonry walls.

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