The Impact of Adherence and Instillation Proficiency of Topical Glaucoma Medications on Intraocular Pressure

Background. The possible sequel of poorly controlled intraocular pressure (IOP) includes treatment failure, unnecessary medication use, and economic burden on patients with glaucoma. Objective. To assess the impact of adherence and instillation technique on IOP control. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 359 glaucoma patients in Menelik II Hospital from June 1 to July 31, 2015. After conducting a Q-Q analysis, multiple binary logistic analyses, linear regression analyses, and two-tailed paired t-test were conducted to compare IOP in the baseline versus current measurements. Results. Intraocular pressure was controlled in 59.6% of the patients and was relatively well controlled during the study period (mean (M) = 17.911 mmHg, standard deviation (S) = 0.323) compared to the baseline (M=20.866 mmHg, S=0.383, t (358) = −6.70, p<0.0001). A unit increase in the administration technique score resulted in a 0.272 mmHg decrease in IOP (p=0.03). Moreover, primary angle-closure glaucoma (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.347, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.144–0.836) and two medications (AOR = 1.869, 95% CI: 1.259–9.379) were factors affecting IOP. Conclusion. Good instillation technique of the medications was correlated with a reduction in IOP. Consequently, regular assessment of the instillation technique and IOP should be done for better management of the disease.

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Evaluation of spontaneous retinal venous pulsation in primary open-angle and primary angle-closure glaucoma patients

Malaysian Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.35119/myjo.v2i1.100 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 27-41

Author(s):

Sylves Patrick ◽

Chan Hui Tze ◽

Rasdi Abdul Rashid ◽

Liza Sharmini Ahmad Tajudin

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Angle Closure ◽

Control Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Primary Angle Closure ◽

Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽

Venous Pulsation ◽

Primary Glaucoma

Introduction: Spontaneous retinal venous pulsation (SRVP) is a rhythmic variation in the calibre of one or more retinal veins. The incidence of SRVP was reduced in glaucoma patients. It was also reduced in people with raised intracranial pressure compared to a healthy population. Purpose: The main objective was to report the frequency and rate of SRVP in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) patients and to associate these with the severity of glaucoma in Malay patients. Design of study: A comparative cross-sectional study. Materials and methods: A comparative cross-sectional study involving primary glaucoma patients attending the eye clinic at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan, Malaysia, was performed between December 2015 and June 2017. The main outcomes measured were the presence and rate of SRVP using a confocalscanning laser ophthalmoscope (Spectralis High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography, Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany). In the presence of SRVP, the rate of SRVP in one minute was counted manually based on the real-time fundus movie recorded using the confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope. Results: Thirty-eight POAG, 14 PACG, and 51 control group subjects were included. There was a significantly lower incidence of SRVP in primary glaucoma patients than in the control group (p = 0.003). The presence of SRVP was significantly lower in POAG than PACG (p = 0.04). There was no significant difference in the rate ofSRVP between primary glaucoma patients and the control group (p = 0.873) or between the POAG group and PACG group (p = 0.511). There was no association of incidence (p = 0.574) and rate (p = 0.167) of SRVP according to the severity of glaucoma. Systolic blood pressure (95% CI: 0.95–1.00, p = 0.038) and retinal nervefibre layer thickness (95% CI: 1.01–1.09, p = 0.008) showed a significant association with the presence of SRVP. Conclusions: SRVP is a potential predictive factor for detection of primary glaucoma. The role of SRVP in the severity of glaucoma is still unclear. The role of SRVP in PACG patients warrants further studies in the future.

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Inflammatory cytokine profiles in eyes with primary angle-closure glaucoma

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1042/bsr20181411 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yayi Wang ◽

Shida Chen ◽

Yaoming Liu ◽

Wenbin Huang ◽

Xinyi Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Aqueous Humor ◽

Clinical Information ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽

Angle Closure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Primary Angle Closure ◽

Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽

Inflammatory Protein

Acute primary angle-closure (APAC) eyes show an early ‘acute inflammatory’ condition, while the inflammation condition has not been fully elucidated in the development of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). To evaluate the roles of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of PACG, this cross-sectional study involved 40 eyes of 32 PACG patients who required trabeculectomy and 24 eyes of 24 patients who required cataract surgery. The aqueous humor samples were collected at the time of surgery. Fifteen inflammatory cytokines were detected using the multiplex bead immunoassay technique, and the clinical information was recorded for the correlation analysis. Eight of the 15 cytokines were all detectable in both groups, including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, MCP-3, macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1β, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). When compared with the cataract patients, the MCP-3, MDC, and VEGF levels were elevated in the PACG patients, while the MCP-1 and MIP-1β levels were decreased. However, the G-CSF, IL-6, and IL-8 levels were similar between the two groups. The MCP-1 concentration was elevated accordingly as the disease progressed in the PACG patients. Our results suggest the PACG eyes retained a ‘mild inflammation’ condition in the aqueous humor, and MCP-1 may play an important role in the progression of this disease.

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Ocular Causes of Headache in Patients Presenting to a Sub-urban Eye Hospital

10.21203/rs.3.rs-108534/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sanket Parajuli ◽

Ruchi Shrestha ◽

Senny Chapagain ◽

Prerana Singh ◽

Ramesh Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Angle Closure ◽

Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus ◽

Posterior Scleritis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Common Error ◽

Medical Practitioners ◽

Preseptal Cellulitis ◽

Primary Angle Closure ◽

Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma

Abstract Background: Headache one of the most frequent complaints for which the patients visit the medical practitioners. The current study was planned to determine the aetiology of headache in patients seen for an ocular examination in ophthalmology outpatient clinics in a sub urban Eye hospital.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Reiyukai Eiko Masunaga eye hospital, Banepa, Nepal over a period of 3 months from 1st March 2020 to 1st June 2020. 200 patients with headache with or without ocular pain were enrolled in the study. The patients were assessed for any ocular cause of headache.Results: Of the 200 patients, 115(57.5%) were female and 85(42.5%) were male. The overall mean age was 37.19 years (range: 11-65 years). 69 of 200 patients had refractive error (34.5%).Most common error was astigmatism (69.5%) followed by myopia (17.3%) and hyperopia (13.05%). 58(29%) patients were above the age of 40 years and hence were presbyopic.14% had convergence insufficiency, 4.2% had accommodation insufficiency and 3.5% had fusional insufficiency Various ocular morbidities that were noted were, Corneal ulcer , disciform keratitis, epithelial defect, primary angle closure glaucoma, phacomorphic glaucoma, primary angle closure suspect,Chronic angle closure, ocular hypertension, anterior uveitis , posterior scleritis, optic neuritis, intracranial space occupying lesion indicated by papilledema , acute dacryocystitis, herpes zoster ophthalmicus , preseptal cellulitis and painful internal hordeolumConclusion: A detailed evaluation of patient with headache is necessary to properly identify and treat the cause of headache. The role of ophthalmologist in assessing the patients with headache has been emphasized by this study.

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Glaucoma Profile at the Tertiary Ophthalmic Centers in Ankara, Turkey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-307295/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Atilla Bayer ◽

Ufuk Elgin ◽

Oya Tekeli ◽

Tamer Takmaz ◽

Ümit Ekşioğlu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽

Angle Closure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Primary Angle Closure ◽

Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽

Predominant Type ◽

Exfoliative Glaucoma

Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients with glaucoma, who presented at the tertiary ophthalmology clinics in Ankara, Turkey.Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study included all of the consecutive glaucoma patients or glaucoma suspects who presented at ten different tertiary ophthalmology clinics in Ankara between March 2015 and May 2015. The demographic characteristics and clinical findings of the patients were evaluated. Glaucoma was diagnosed according to the International Society for Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology Classification. In the patients with binocular glaucoma, only the data of the worse eye was included for statistical analyses. Results: A total of 4604 eyes of 2541 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were classified as having glaucoma. Binocular involvement was present in 2063 (81.2%) patients. Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) was the most common glaucoma type (38.8%), followed by exfoliative glaucoma (XFG; 26.2%), and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG; 7.7%). The distribution of the sexes was significantly different among the diagnosis groups (P < 0.001). The cup/disk ratio was the highest among the patients with secondary angle-closure glaucoma (SACG; P < 0.001). The visual field MD parameter was significantly higher in the patients with SACG and XFG (P < 0.001). Monocular and binocular blindness ratios were 21% and 2.8%, respectively.Conclusions: The predominant type of glaucoma in Turkish clinic patients was found to be POAG, followed by XFG and PACG.

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Correlation between Intraocular Pressure and Visual Field Loss in Primary Open Angle and Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma: A Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/48317.14943 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

VR Raji ◽

Susan Philip ◽

Ambily S

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Visual Field ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Visual Field Loss ◽

Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽

Angle Closure ◽

Open Angle ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Primary Angle Closure ◽

Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma

Introduction: Glaucoma is characterised by structural damage to optic nerve head with corresponding visual field defects and often associated with increased Intraocular Pressure (IOP). It may be broadly classified as Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma (PACG) and Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG). It is one of the leading causes of global blindness, and a major proportion occurs in Indian population. Aim: To study the correlation between pretreatment IOP and extent of visual field loss in PACG and POAG. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out in Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India from April 2016 to May 2017. Newly diagnosed cases of PACG (25 patients-13 males, 12 females, mean age 58.72±10.07 years) and POAG (85 patients- 45 males, 40 females, mean age 60.28±10.42 years) underwent a detailed glaucoma evaluation which included IOP measurement with Goldmann applanation tonometer and visual field testing using Humphrey Field Analysis (HFA) 24-2 pattern. Mean Deviation (MD), Pattern Standard Deviation (PSD) and Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Score (AGIS) score was calculated from reliable visual field test result. All data were coded and entered in to statistical software, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 for analysis. The correlation between pretreatment IOP and visual field loss in patients with PACG and POAG was determined by Pearson Correlation of Coefficient. Results: Amongst the total 110 patients of this study, 25 patients were of PACG while POAG were in 85 patients. A significant correlation between pre treatment IOP and the extent of visual field loss in PACG was noted. There was no significant correlation in POAG. Linear regression analysis demonstrated a significant positive correlation between IOP and AGIS score in PACG (Pearson correlation coefficient(r)=0.805, p<0.001), not in POAG (r=0.026, p=0.816). Correlation between IOP and MD is statistically significant in PACG (r=0.812, p<0.001) but not in POAG (r=0.058, p=0.597). The correlation between IOP and PSD is not statistically significant in both groups (p-value >0.450). Conclusion: A significant correlation between IOP and visual field loss in PACG indicates that extent of visual field damage can be controlled by controlling IOP alone in PACG. The correlation between the pretreatment IOP and visual field loss in POAG is not statistically significant which agrees with the current proposed pathophysiology of optic neuropathy in which multiple factors influence in addition to IOP.

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The impact of central corneal thickness on intraocular pressure among Ethiopian glaucoma patients: a cross-sectional study

BMC Ophthalmology ◽

10.1186/1471-2415-12-58 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yeshigeta Gelaw

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

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GAMBARAN TEKAN INTRAOKULAR PADA PEMAIN MUSIK BAMBU

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.1.2.2013.3634 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Chintya N Rampi

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Informed Consent ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Wind Instrument ◽

Elevated Intraocular Pressure ◽

Male Player

ABSTRACT : Intraocular pressure (IOP) is an important measure because corelated with glaucoma that can lead to blindness if not prevented early. Factors affecting the intraocular pressure include gender, age, nationality, race, physiological differences such as high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. Music is a product of human culture. One kind of music is a bamboo wind instrument that originated from Minahasa, comprised of flute, saxophone, Corno, trombone, tuba, bass, and trumpet. This study was aimed to reveal the IOP of a bamboo wind instrument players from Pinapalangkou village - South Minahasa. This was an observational cross sectional study. The research sample amounted to 31 people who have met the inclusion criteria, ie 15-83 years old, physically and mentally healthy while doing research, had been playing music for more than 1 year, willing to be sampled and signed informed consent. Measurement of IOP using a schiotz tonometer. Based on the results there were 31 male player, and at night inspection was found that there were 3 people (9.7%) had an increase of IOP and 28 people (90.3%) had normal IOP. There are 3 subjects from 31 studied subjects had an elevated intraocular pressure while 28 studied subjects had normal IOP. Keywords: intraocular pressure, Bamboo Music Players ABSTRAK: Tekanan intraokular merupakan ukuran yang penting karena berhubungan penyakit glaukoma yang dapat menyebabkan kebutaan jika tidak dicegah sejak dini. Faktor yang mempengaruhi tekanan intraokular adalah jenis kelamin, usia, bangsa, ras, perbedaaan fisiologis seperti darah tinggi dan kardiovaskular. Musik adalah produk kebudayaan manusia. Salah satunya musik tiup bambu yang berasal dari Minahasa. Terdiri dari seruling, saxophone, corno, trombone, tuba, bass, dan trompet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tekanan intraokular pada pemain musik tiup bambu di desa Pinapalangkou - Minahasa Selatan. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional, dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 31 orang yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi yaitu berumur 15-83 tahun, sehat jasmani dan rohani saat dilakukan penelitian, lebih dari 1 tahun memainkan musik, bersedia dijadikan sampel penelitian dan menandatangani informed consent. Pengukuran tekanan intraokular mengunakan alat tonometer schiotz. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat 31 pemain pria, pemeriksaan pada malam hari didapatkan bahwa ada 3 orang (9,7%) mengalami peningkatan tekanan intraokular dan 28 orang (90,3%) memiliki tekanan intraokular dalam batas normal. Terdapat 3 subjek dari 31 subjek memiliki peningkatan tekanan intraokular sedangkan 28 subjek memiliki tekanan intraokular dalam batas normal. Kata kunci: Tekanan Intraokular,Pemain Musik Tiup Bambu

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The impact of the use of a footrest on the quality of chest compressions. A prospective, randomized, cross-sectional study

Postępy Nauk Medycznych ◽

10.25121/pnm.2018.31.3.133 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Jolanta Majer ◽

Sandra Pyda ◽

Jerzy Robert Ladny ◽

Antonio Rodriguez-Nunez ◽

Lukasz Szarpak

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chest Compressions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

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Impact of Community-Led Total Sanitation and Hygiene on Prevalence of Diarrheal Disease and Associated Factors among Under-Five Children: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study in Selected Woredas of Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Advances in Public Health ◽

10.1155/2020/8237101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Agune Ashole Alto ◽

Wanzahun Godana ◽

Genet Gedamu

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Diarrheal Disease ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Sanitation And Hygiene ◽

The Impact ◽

Gamo Gofa

Background. Diarrheal diseases are still one of the major causes of morbidity in under-five children in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ethiopia, diarrhea is responsible for 9% of all deaths and is the major cause of under-five mortality. Objective. To assess the impact of community-led total sanitation and hygiene on the prevalence of diarrheal disease and factors associated among under-five children in Gamo Gofa Zone. Methods. Community-based comparative cross-sectional study design was used to compare the impact of community-led total sanitation and hygiene intervention on under-five diarrheal disease. Multistage sampling method was employed. The data were collected by using pretested structured questionnaires. Data quality was ensured by daily supervision completeness and consistency. The data were coded, entered, and cleaned by using Epi Info version 7 and were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were carried out by using binary logistic regression. Significance was declared by using p value of <0.05 and AOR with 95% confidence intervals. Results. The response rate of this study was 93.3%. The overall diarrhea prevalence was 27.5% (CI = (24.06, 30.97)) which was 18.9% (CI = (14.94, 23.2)) in implemented and 36.2%. (CI = (30.41, 41.59)) in nonimplemented woredas. Children whose age was between 12 and 23 months (AOR = 1.6) and greater than 24 months (AOR = 5), availability of handwashing facilities (AOR = 4), disposal of waste in open field (AOR = 9.7), unimproved source of drinking water (AOR = 6.5), using only water for handwashing (AOR = 6), children who started complementary feeding less than 6 months (AOR = 5.6) and greater than 6 months (AOR = 5.2), and utensils used to feed children such as bottle (AOR = 3.9) were the factors positively associated with diarrhea. Conclusion. The overall prevalence of under-five diarrhea was 27.5%. The prevalence was low in CLTSH woredas as compared with non-CLTSH woredas. The study showed that handwashing facility, using only water for handwashing, open refuse disposal, and unimproved source of drinking water among under-five had a statistically significant association with diarrhea occurrence in CLTSH nonimplemented areas. Integrated efforts are needed from the Ministry of Health together with the WASH Project in improving drinking water, handwashing facilities, and solid waste disposal practices.

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