Evaluation of spontaneous retinal venous pulsation in primary open-angle and primary angle-closure glaucoma patients

Introduction: Spontaneous retinal venous pulsation (SRVP) is a rhythmic variation in the calibre of one or more retinal veins. The incidence of SRVP was reduced in glaucoma patients. It was also reduced in people with raised intracranial pressure compared to a healthy population. Purpose: The main objective was to report the frequency and rate of SRVP in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) patients and to associate these with the severity of glaucoma in Malay patients. Design of study: A comparative cross-sectional study. Materials and methods: A comparative cross-sectional study involving primary glaucoma patients attending the eye clinic at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan, Malaysia, was performed between December 2015 and June 2017. The main outcomes measured were the presence and rate of SRVP using a confocalscanning laser ophthalmoscope (Spectralis High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography, Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany). In the presence of SRVP, the rate of SRVP in one minute was counted manually based on the real-time fundus movie recorded using the confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope. Results: Thirty-eight POAG, 14 PACG, and 51 control group subjects were included. There was a significantly lower incidence of SRVP in primary glaucoma patients than in the control group (p = 0.003). The presence of SRVP was significantly lower in POAG than PACG (p = 0.04). There was no significant difference in the rate ofSRVP between primary glaucoma patients and the control group (p = 0.873) or between the POAG group and PACG group (p = 0.511). There was no association of incidence (p = 0.574) and rate (p = 0.167) of SRVP according to the severity of glaucoma. Systolic blood pressure (95% CI: 0.95–1.00, p = 0.038) and retinal nervefibre layer thickness (95% CI: 1.01–1.09, p = 0.008) showed a significant association with the presence of SRVP. Conclusions: SRVP is a potential predictive factor for detection of primary glaucoma. The role of SRVP in the severity of glaucoma is still unclear. The role of SRVP in PACG patients warrants further studies in the future.

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The Impact of Adherence and Instillation Proficiency of Topical Glaucoma Medications on Intraocular Pressure

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2017/1683430 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tesfay Mehari Atey ◽

Workineh Shibeshi ◽

Abeba T. Giorgis ◽

Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Angle Closure ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Primary Angle Closure ◽

Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽

Unit Increase ◽

The Impact

Background. The possible sequel of poorly controlled intraocular pressure (IOP) includes treatment failure, unnecessary medication use, and economic burden on patients with glaucoma. Objective. To assess the impact of adherence and instillation technique on IOP control. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 359 glaucoma patients in Menelik II Hospital from June 1 to July 31, 2015. After conducting a Q-Q analysis, multiple binary logistic analyses, linear regression analyses, and two-tailed paired t-test were conducted to compare IOP in the baseline versus current measurements. Results. Intraocular pressure was controlled in 59.6% of the patients and was relatively well controlled during the study period (mean (M) = 17.911 mmHg, standard deviation (S) = 0.323) compared to the baseline (M=20.866 mmHg, S=0.383, t (358) = −6.70, p<0.0001). A unit increase in the administration technique score resulted in a 0.272 mmHg decrease in IOP (p=0.03). Moreover, primary angle-closure glaucoma (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.347, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.144–0.836) and two medications (AOR = 1.869, 95% CI: 1.259–9.379) were factors affecting IOP. Conclusion. Good instillation technique of the medications was correlated with a reduction in IOP. Consequently, regular assessment of the instillation technique and IOP should be done for better management of the disease.

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Correlation between gastrointestinal symptoms and adherence to traditional Persian medicine dietary recommendations in patients with vitiligo; a cross-sectional study

Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine ◽

10.1515/jcim-2020-0192 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Amir Mohammad Jaladat ◽

Ehsan Amiri-Ardekani ◽

Pariya Sadat Ramezani ◽

Mohadese Boroughani ◽

Morteza Emami Alorizi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Dietary Recommendations ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Persian Medicine ◽

Traditional Persian Medicine

Abstract Objectives Vitiligo is a chronic disease associated with the depigmentation of regions of the skin secondary to structural or functional damage to melanocytes. This damage results from interactions between the immune system and oxidative stress. In traditional Persian medicine (TPM), the concept of ‘Barass’ or ‘Pissi’ encompasses a group of skin diseases including vitiligo, for which there has been an emphasis on the preventive and therapeutic role of dietary modifications. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 200 vitiligo patients and 200 controls were enrolled with a random sampling method. The participants included patients with vitiligo referred to the Dermatology Clinic of Shahid Faghihi Hospital (Shiraz, Iran), with the control group being comprised individuals who referred to this clinic for cosmetic purposes. Questionnaires comparing the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms and the rate of adherence to TPM dietary recommendations were filled by all participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0. Results The case group was significantly less adherent to TPM recommendations than the control group (8.25 ± 27.16 vs. 31.8 ± 10.47; p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between both groups in the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) scores (14.09 ± 14.84 vs. 12.62 ± 11.71; p = 0.105). In the case group, the level of adherence to the recommendations of TPM was significantly lower among patients with lower education levels (R=−0.194; p=0.017). Furthermore, there was a significant negative relationship between the length of the disease and adherence to TPM dietary recommendations (R=−0.247; p=0.002). Conclusions In this study, the level of adherence to TPM recommendations was significantly lower among patients with vitiligo than the control group. Hence, further studies are suggested to identify the probable role of dietary habits in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.

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Relationship between Serum Osteocalcin and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Middle-Aged Men in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/1751905 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Hui Deng ◽

Hao Lu ◽

Yang Dai ◽

Lingling Li ◽

Juan Cao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum Osteocalcin ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Diagnosis Criteria

Background and Purpose. Numerous investigations found that there exists a close relationship between serum osteocalcin and incurrence of atherosclerosis, but studies investigating the effect of serum osteocalcin on carotid atherosclerosis are very limited. Our study is aimed at investigating the role of osteocalcin in carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged men in China. Methods. A total of 335 male middle-aged participants (40-60, 52.4 ± 3.87 years averagely) were enrolled from the institute. The carotid intima-media thicknesses (CIMT) of each subject were measured. All subjects were included either in the carotid atherosclerosis (AS) group or the control group according to the CAS diagnosis criteria. Serum osteocalcin and other markers of each patient were assessed following standard laboratory tests protocol. Results. 135 subjects were included in AS group, and 199 subjects were included in control group. The average osteocalcin level in AS group was 18.71 ± 6.20 ng/ml and was significantly different from that in control group, which was 20.38 ± 7.19 ng/ml (p=0.039). Logistic regression analysis revealed that OCN (standardized β=-0.024, p=0.013) and FINS (standardized β=-0.065, p=0.010) were independently and inversely associated with the carotid atherosclerosis, while FPG (standardized β=0.538, p=0.006) was independently and positively associated with the carotid atherosclerosis. Conclusion. Our study suggests that OCN is independently related to carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged male individuals.

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Diet and Women Fertility: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

International Journal of Infertility & Fetal Medicine ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1134 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 82-88

Author(s):

Ruaa E Alabd ◽

Kefah H Abdulmajeed ◽

Hayder G Oufi

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Control Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Infertile Women ◽

Group I ◽

The Mean ◽

Infertile Group

ABSTRACT Aims This work was designed to assess the role of diet and dietary habits on women fertility. Materials and methods This study was carried out in seven different centers and hospitals in Baghdad in the period between January and September 2014. Participants were 400 adult women selected conveniently; their age ranged from 17 to 47 years and they were divided into two groups. Group I included 300 fertile women and group II included 100 infertile women. A specific questionnaire had been designed and used for data collection Results It was found that there was a significant difference in weight and body mass index (BMI) between the infertile group and control group. The mean of weights was 73.07 vs 69.06 kg for infertile and the control group respectively, while the mean BMI was 28.83 vs 26.70 for the infertile group and the control group respectively. Moreover, the infertile women consumed more of carbonated beverages, tea, chicken, and fish than the control group, while they consumed less milk and red meat than the control group. Also, the infertile group consumed less corn oil and olive oil than the control group (5 and 0% vs 21 and 2%) respectively, while they used to consume more solid fat and combined fat than the control group (2 and 6% vs 0 and 2.7%) respectively. Conclusion Although treatment options for infertility are available, their high cost and frequency of adverse events have motivated the identification of dietary factors related to infertility. The current study identified diet as one of the modifiable risk factors that potentially impacts fertility in the selected groups; hence, it is important to focus more on the role of diet in women fertility and increase the awareness of women to it, along with suggesting more educational programs at the primary health care level. How to cite this article Alabd RE, Abdulmajeed KH, Oufi HG. Diet and Women Fertility: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2016;7(3):82-88.

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Inflammatory cytokine profiles in eyes with primary angle-closure glaucoma

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1042/bsr20181411 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yayi Wang ◽

Shida Chen ◽

Yaoming Liu ◽

Wenbin Huang ◽

Xinyi Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Aqueous Humor ◽

Clinical Information ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽

Angle Closure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Primary Angle Closure ◽

Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽

Inflammatory Protein

Acute primary angle-closure (APAC) eyes show an early ‘acute inflammatory’ condition, while the inflammation condition has not been fully elucidated in the development of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). To evaluate the roles of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of PACG, this cross-sectional study involved 40 eyes of 32 PACG patients who required trabeculectomy and 24 eyes of 24 patients who required cataract surgery. The aqueous humor samples were collected at the time of surgery. Fifteen inflammatory cytokines were detected using the multiplex bead immunoassay technique, and the clinical information was recorded for the correlation analysis. Eight of the 15 cytokines were all detectable in both groups, including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, MCP-3, macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1β, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). When compared with the cataract patients, the MCP-3, MDC, and VEGF levels were elevated in the PACG patients, while the MCP-1 and MIP-1β levels were decreased. However, the G-CSF, IL-6, and IL-8 levels were similar between the two groups. The MCP-1 concentration was elevated accordingly as the disease progressed in the PACG patients. Our results suggest the PACG eyes retained a ‘mild inflammation’ condition in the aqueous humor, and MCP-1 may play an important role in the progression of this disease.

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Ocular Causes of Headache in Patients Presenting to a Sub-urban Eye Hospital

10.21203/rs.3.rs-108534/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sanket Parajuli ◽

Ruchi Shrestha ◽

Senny Chapagain ◽

Prerana Singh ◽

Ramesh Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Angle Closure ◽

Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus ◽

Posterior Scleritis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Common Error ◽

Medical Practitioners ◽

Preseptal Cellulitis ◽

Primary Angle Closure ◽

Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma

Abstract Background: Headache one of the most frequent complaints for which the patients visit the medical practitioners. The current study was planned to determine the aetiology of headache in patients seen for an ocular examination in ophthalmology outpatient clinics in a sub urban Eye hospital.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Reiyukai Eiko Masunaga eye hospital, Banepa, Nepal over a period of 3 months from 1st March 2020 to 1st June 2020. 200 patients with headache with or without ocular pain were enrolled in the study. The patients were assessed for any ocular cause of headache.Results: Of the 200 patients, 115(57.5%) were female and 85(42.5%) were male. The overall mean age was 37.19 years (range: 11-65 years). 69 of 200 patients had refractive error (34.5%).Most common error was astigmatism (69.5%) followed by myopia (17.3%) and hyperopia (13.05%). 58(29%) patients were above the age of 40 years and hence were presbyopic.14% had convergence insufficiency, 4.2% had accommodation insufficiency and 3.5% had fusional insufficiency Various ocular morbidities that were noted were, Corneal ulcer , disciform keratitis, epithelial defect, primary angle closure glaucoma, phacomorphic glaucoma, primary angle closure suspect,Chronic angle closure, ocular hypertension, anterior uveitis , posterior scleritis, optic neuritis, intracranial space occupying lesion indicated by papilledema , acute dacryocystitis, herpes zoster ophthalmicus , preseptal cellulitis and painful internal hordeolumConclusion: A detailed evaluation of patient with headache is necessary to properly identify and treat the cause of headache. The role of ophthalmologist in assessing the patients with headache has been emphasized by this study.

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Glaucoma Profile at the Tertiary Ophthalmic Centers in Ankara, Turkey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-307295/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Atilla Bayer ◽

Ufuk Elgin ◽

Oya Tekeli ◽

Tamer Takmaz ◽

Ümit Ekşioğlu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽

Angle Closure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Primary Angle Closure ◽

Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽

Predominant Type ◽

Exfoliative Glaucoma

Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients with glaucoma, who presented at the tertiary ophthalmology clinics in Ankara, Turkey.Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study included all of the consecutive glaucoma patients or glaucoma suspects who presented at ten different tertiary ophthalmology clinics in Ankara between March 2015 and May 2015. The demographic characteristics and clinical findings of the patients were evaluated. Glaucoma was diagnosed according to the International Society for Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology Classification. In the patients with binocular glaucoma, only the data of the worse eye was included for statistical analyses. Results: A total of 4604 eyes of 2541 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were classified as having glaucoma. Binocular involvement was present in 2063 (81.2%) patients. Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) was the most common glaucoma type (38.8%), followed by exfoliative glaucoma (XFG; 26.2%), and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG; 7.7%). The distribution of the sexes was significantly different among the diagnosis groups (P < 0.001). The cup/disk ratio was the highest among the patients with secondary angle-closure glaucoma (SACG; P < 0.001). The visual field MD parameter was significantly higher in the patients with SACG and XFG (P < 0.001). Monocular and binocular blindness ratios were 21% and 2.8%, respectively.Conclusions: The predominant type of glaucoma in Turkish clinic patients was found to be POAG, followed by XFG and PACG.

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Association between axial length of the eye and primary angle closure glaucoma

Kathmandu University Medical Journal ◽

10.3126/kumj.v6i3.1712 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 361-363 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D Sherpa ◽

BP Badhu

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Axial Length ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽

Angle Closure ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Primary Angle Closure ◽

Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma

Background: Angle closure glaucoma is emerging as a leading cause of blindness in Asia. Objective: To compare the ocular axial length of normal individuals and the subjects with primary angle closure glaucoma. This study has been conducted to determine axial length of eye as a risk factor of primary angle closure glaucoma. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was carried out in Mechi Eye Care Centre, Jhapa, Nepal including forty eyes of 20 diagnosed cases of primary angle closure glaucoma (40 eyes) and 40 eyes of 20 normal subjects selected by simple random sampling. A complete ocular examination of all the subjects was carried out. Axial length measurement was done using ultrasound A scan. Results: Out of 80 eyes, there were 40 eyes of 20 diagnosed primary angle closure subjects and 40 eyes of 20 normal subjects. The mean axial length and standard deviation of primary angle closure glaucoma were 21.93 ± 1.16 mm (95% CI = 21.41 - 22.45) and those of control group were 23.01 ± 0.49 (95% CI = 22.79 - 23.23). The axial length of less than 23 mm was found as a risk factor for angle closure glaucoma (Relative risk =3.40; p = 0.0032). Conclusion: This study showed that patients with the axial length of less than 23 mm are at risk to develop primary angle closure glaucoma. This result can be confirmed by doing population based study in a larger sample size. Keywords: Axial length, Primary angle closure glaucoma, Nepal doi: 10.3126/kumj.v6i3.1712 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2008), Vol. 6, No. 3, Issue 23, 361-363

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Role of Sildenafil in the Treatment of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of Newborn (PPHN) - Should it Be Withdrawn from Market of Bangladesh due to Threat of being Misuses

Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital Journal ◽

10.3329/dshj.v35i2.49688 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 100-104

Author(s):

Maksudur Rahman ◽

Mohammad Abdullah Al Mamun ◽

MAK Azad Chowdhury ◽

Abu Sayeed Munsi

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cardiac Intensive Care Unit ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cardiac Intensive Care ◽

Hospital Protocol

Background: Recently it has been apprehended that sildenafil, a drug which has been successfully using in the treatment of PPHN and erectile dysfunction in adult, is going to be withdrawn from the market of Bangladesh due to threat of its misuses. Objective: The aim of this study was to see the extent of uses of sildenafil in the treatment of PPHN and importance of availability of this drugs in the market inspite of its probable misuses. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), special baby care unit (SCABU) and cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital from June, 2017 to May 2018. Neonates with PPHN were enrolled in the study. All cases were treated with oral sildenefil for PPHN along with others management according to hospital protocol. Data along with other parameters were collected and analyzed. Results: Total 320 patients with suspected PPHN were admitted during the study period. Among them 92 (29%) cases had PPHN. Male were 49(53 %) cases and female were 43(47%) cases. Mean age at hospital admission was 29.7±13.4 hours. Based on echocardiography,13(14%) cases had mild, 38 (41%) cases moderate and 41(45%) cases severe PPHN. Mean duration of sildenafil therapy was 11.9±7.1 days. Improved from PPHN were 83 (90%) cases. Mortality was 10% (9). Conclusion: In this study it was found that the incidence of PPHN is 29% among the suspected newborns. Sildenafil is successfull in improving the oxygenation of PPHN and to decrease the mortality of neonates. DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(2) : 100-104

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