scholarly journals Hand Rehabilitation Robotics on Poststroke Motor Recovery

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zan Yue ◽  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Rehabilitation Robotics ◽  
General View ◽  
Hand Rehabilitation ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Rehabilitation Robots ◽  
Hardware System

The recovery of hand function is one of the most challenging topics in stroke rehabilitation. Although the robot-assisted therapy has got some good results in the latest decades, the development of hand rehabilitation robotics is left behind. Existing reviews of hand rehabilitation robotics focus either on the mechanical design on designers’ view or on the training paradigms on the clinicians’ view, while these two parts are interconnected and both important for designers and clinicians. In this review, we explore the current literature surrounding hand rehabilitation robots, to help designers make better choices among varied components and thus promoting the application of hand rehabilitation robots. An overview of hand rehabilitation robotics is provided in this paper firstly, to give a general view of the relationship between subjects, rehabilitation theories, hand rehabilitation robots, and its evaluation. Secondly, the state of the art hand rehabilitation robotics is introduced in detail according to the classification of the hardware system and the training paradigm. As a result, the discussion gives available arguments behind the classification and comprehensive overview of hand rehabilitation robotics.

On Integration of Additive Manufacturing During the Design and Development of a Rehabilitation Robot: A Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaci E. Madden ◽  
Ashish D. Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Rehabilitation Robotics ◽  
Critical Design ◽  
Rehabilitation Robots ◽  
Time Optimization ◽  
Hand Exoskeleton

The field of rehabilitation robotics has emerged to address the growing desire to improve therapy modalities after neurological disorders, such as a stroke. For rehabilitation robots to be successful as clinical devices, a number of mechanical design challenges must be addressed, including ergonomic interactions, weight and size minimization, and cost–time optimization. We present additive manufacturing (AM) as a compelling solution to these challenges by demonstrating how the integration of AM into the development process of a hand exoskeleton leads to critical design improvements and substantially reduces prototyping cost and time.

Classification of Joints Used in Steerable Instruments for Minimally Invasive Surgery—A Review of the State of the Art

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Jelínek ◽  
Ewout A. Arkenbout ◽  
Paul W. J. Henselmans ◽  
Rob Pessers ◽  
Paul Breedveld
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Rotational Motion ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Fundamental Categories

This review article provides a comprehensive overview and classification of the joint types used in the steerable tips of minimally invasive surgical instruments. The review was carried out with the objective to pinpoint the essence of the joints' fundamental mechanical design and to provide a qualitative comparison of their strengths and weaknesses with respect to a number of straightforward criteria. Besides researching the ASME scientific literature, the entire Espacenet patent database was searched using the keywords endo* or lapar* or surg* in title and steer* or articu* or deflect* in title or abstract. The extensive scope of the patent results was further limited to World (WO), United States (US), and European (EP) patents only as well as to the period of the last decade, 2003–2013, with a few exceptions predating this period. Overall, more than 840 patents were reviewed and categorized on the basis of the joints' mechanical design and supplemented with the scientific papers. A number of joint categories and subcategories were identified. At the fundamental level the joints can be differentiated as planar and spatial, where the spatial are further split as perpendicular mirrored and revolved. Based on the means of establishing rotational motion, the joint types can be discriminated as rolling, sliding, the combination of rolling and sliding, and bending. Lastly, the rolling and sliding categories can be further split with regard to the phenomenon or feature used for transferring the rotational motion, i.e., friction, teeth, belts, curved features, and hinges. In general, the most favored joint types were identified as the sliding and the bending joint categories overall. Nevertheless, it was recognized that no single fundamental joint type can be considered as ideal and that novel and preferably more superior joint configurations can be generated by combining several fundamental categories together.

scholarly journals Control Strategies and Artificial Intelligence in Rehabilitation Robotics

AI Magazine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domen Novak ◽  
Robert Riener
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Rehabilitation Robotics ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Assistive Robots ◽  
Socially Assistive Robots ◽  
Rehabilitation Robots ◽  
Exercise Adaptation ◽  
Dominant Paradigm ◽  
Do So

Rehabilitation robots physically support and guide a patient's limb during motor therapy, but require sophisticated control algorithms and artificial intelligence to do so. This article provides an overview of the state of the art in this area. It begins with the dominant paradigm of assistive control, from impedance-based cooperative controller through electromyography and intention estimation. It then covers challenge-based algorithms, which provide more difficult and complex tasks for the patient to perform through resistive control and error augmentation. Furthermore, it describes exercise adaptation algorithms that change the overall exercise intensity based on the patient's performance or physiological responses, as well as socially assistive robots that provide only verbal and visual guidance. The article concludes with a discussion of the current challenges in rehabilitation robot software: evaluating existing control strategies in a clinical setting as well as increasing the robot's autonomy using entirely new artificial intelligence techniques.

scholarly journals Pattern Classification of Fabric Defects Using a Probabilistic Neural Network and Its Hardware Implementation using the Field Programmable Gate Array System

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abul Hasnat ◽  
Anindya Ghosh ◽  
Amina Khatun ◽  
Santanu Halder
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Hardware Implementation ◽  
Probabilistic Neural Network ◽  
Clock Period ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Gate Arrays ◽  
Hardware System ◽  
Field Programmable ◽  
Programmable Gate Arrays

This study proposes a fabric defect classification system using a Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) and its hardware implementation using a Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) based system. The PNN classifier achieves an accuracy of 98 ± 2% for the test data set, whereas the FPGA based hardware system of the PNN classifier realises about 94±2% testing accuracy. The FPGA system operates as fast as 50.777 MHz, corresponding to a clock period of 19.694 ns.

scholarly journals Hand Rehabilitation Programs Used for Second to Fifth Metacarpal Fractures: A Systematic Literature Review Protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Marie Keller ◽  
Roline Y Barnes ◽  
Corlia Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Hand Rehabilitation ◽  
Metacarpal Fractures ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract BackgroundMetacarpal fractures have an incidence rate of 13.6 per 100000, affects males more than females and accounts for 33% of all hand fractures. No evidence-based rehabilitation program exists for second to fifth metacarpal fractures potentially causing poor health related quality of life, decrease hand function and disability.MethodsExperimental study designs, quasi-experimental, cohort studies and case control studies for the last ten years from January 2008 to September 2018 with English as a language restriction will be included. Sources investigating hand rehabilitation, immobilization, splinting and home programs after surgical and conservative management for second to fifth metacarpal fractures, will be included. MEDLINE, Academic Search Ultimate, CINAHL, CAB Abstracts, Health Source - Consumer Edition, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, SPORTDiscus, Africa-Wide Information, MasterFILE Premier, Google Scholar and other grey literature will be searched. Two independent reviewers will independently conduct the study selection, methodology quality assessment and extraction of data. Findings will be pooled, meta-analysis performed, Summary of Findings provided according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis if deemed appropriate.DiscussionIt is imperative to implement effective rehabilitation to prevent poor health related quality of life, decrease hand function and disability. In this systematic literature review, we will determine the existing evidence on hand rehabilitation programs used after post-surgical and conservative management for 20 to 59-year-old humans who sustained a single or multiple second to fifth metacarpal fracture.

Word Stress in Languages of the Caucasus

2021 ◽  
pp. 728-755
Author(s):  
Lena Borise
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Stress Assignment ◽  
North West ◽  
Word Stress ◽  
North East ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Whole Word ◽  
Complex Cases

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the stress systems in Abkhaz-Adyghean/North-West Caucasian, Nakh-Dagestanian/North-East Caucasian, and Kartvelian/South-Caucasian languages, as well as the larger Indo-European languages of the area, Ossetic (Iron and Digoron) and Armenian. First, it addresses the so-called free stress languages, in which stress placement is not restricted to particular syllables/syllable types or morphemes, and the fixed stress languages, in which stress always targets a syllable in a certain position, counting from the left or right edge of a word. Next, quantity-sensitive stress systems are considered, in which stress is found on the heavier syllable within a given domain, such as a whole word or a part of it (a so-called stress window). Further, the chapter discusses languages in which stress assignment is morphologically conditioned. After the chapter introduces this classification of stress systems, it addresses the more complex cases that do not (fully) fit into it, notably the stress systems of Abkhaz-Adyghean and some of the Nakh-Dagestanian languages. Finally, the chapter considers underdescribed stress systems and languages for which conflicting descriptions have been proposed. The chapter closes with an overview of the available instrumental studies. Overall, the aim of the current chapter is to highlight the impressive diversity that the languages of the Caucasus exhibit in the realm of word stress and emphasize the need for further research in the area, both instrumental and theoretical.

Conceptualization and Measurement of Smart Shopping

2019 ◽  
pp. 211-225
Author(s):  
Myriam Quinones ◽  
Mónica Gómez-Suárez ◽  
Maria Jesús Yagüe
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
International Research ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Customer Segment ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Review Current

The purpose of this chapter is to critically review current studies on “smart shopping” with the aim of improving the understanding of this phenomenon and suggesting future lines of research. The authors present a pioneering classification of international research on smart shopping published in the last 30 years that provides a comprehensive overview of existing knowledge. They categorize smart shoppers' traits and develop a thorough analysis of existing measurement scales, data collection methods, product categories and countries that have been objects of prior studies. Their findings highlight the need to develop cross-cultural models that consider the affective and behavioral dimensions of smart shoppers from different countries to help academics and practitioners better identify and target this customer segment.

814 Do Patients Receive Reliable Outpatient Occupational Therapy After Hand Burns

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S246-S246
Author(s):  
Katherine J Choi ◽  
Christopher H Pham ◽  
Zachary J Collier ◽  
John Carney ◽  
Dawn Kurakazu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Hand Rehabilitation ◽  
Outpatient Therapy ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
Limited Range Of Motion ◽  
Hand Burns ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Abstract Introduction Hands are the most commonly burned body part, and are prone to developing limited range of motion and scar contractures, which benefit from aggressive occupational therapy (OT). Many burn survivors are vulnerable with limited resources and poor follow up. The purpose of this study is to determine outpatient OT referral and compliance rates in our patient population. Methods All patients with hand burns admitted to a single ABA verified burn center from January 2015 to May 2016 were reviewed. Demographics (living situation, substance use, psychiatric illness), TBSA, interventions (type/number of surgeries), outcomes (length of stay [LOS]), and OT outcomes (inpatient and outpatient treatment, reason for discontinuation) were evaluated. Results Sixty-one patients met inclusion criteria. Mean age was 33±18 years. In terms of living situation, 17% (n=10) were homeless, and 3% (n=2) were incarcerated. A documented history of alcohol abuse was present in 13% (n=8), 23% (n=14) had positive urine toxicology screens, and 15% (n=9) had diagnosed psychiatric illness. Mean TBSA was 10%±6. Half (N=30, 51%) were managed non-operatively. At discharge, 30% (n=18) had normal hand function and did not meet criteria for outpatient hand therapy. Over 70% (n=43) received outpatient referrals, but only 44% (n=19) of those referred reliably returned for outpatient OT. Despite having outpatient OT referrals, 33% (n=14) did not present to outpatient therapy after repeats attempts of contact, and 67% (n=29) of those with referrals only came to one visit. Of those that did not complete therapy, most (n=14, 58%) were lost to follow up and unable to be contacted. Other reasons for not completing therapy within our system were out-of-network insurances requiring follow-up outside our hospital (36%) and incarceration (6%). Conclusions At our center, nearly 1 in 3 patients with hand burns had excellent function upon discharge and did not require outpatient therapy. However, when patients are referred for outpatient therapy, many do not show up or maintain reliable compliance. Many patients are simply lost to follow up. Applicability of Research to Practice While occupational therapy remains an effective and viable option for hand rehabilitation, further efforts must be aimed at providing patients mechanisms and education for achieving reliable outpatient follow up.

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