scholarly journals Clinical Assessment of the Congenital Absence of Palmaris Longus and Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Muscles in Young Saudi Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mohammed Talal Alzahrani ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah Almalki ◽  
Turki Abdullah Al-Thunayan ◽  
Amjaad Hamad Almohawis ◽  
Ahmed Turki Al Turki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Bilateral Absence ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Independent Entity ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Arabian Population

Introduction. Congenital Palmaris Longus (PL) absence was found in 15%–20.25% of population globally. This condition and Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS) tendon absence in little finger are not known in Saudi Arabia. We studied prevalence of PL and FDS agenesis in Saudi Arabian population. Methods. A random cross-sectional study was carried out after an ethical approval in the Riyadh universities. Schaeffer’s test was used to examine PL absence. The Modified test was used to examine FDS absence. Data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel and the SPSS Software version 22. Results. The volunteers, 331, males 164 (49.5%) and females 167 (50.5%), mean age of 23 (SD ± 5.3), showed right hand dominance in 294 (88.8%) and bilateral absence of PL and FDS in 15.1% and 14.8%, respectively. The hand dominance showed no significant relation between PL and FDS absence, p value = 0.788, 0.835, respectively. Generally, we found a weak correlation between absence of the PL and FDS, p value ≥ 0.595. Conclusion. The bilateral absence of PL and FDS was found as 15.1% and 14.8%, respectively. Variation of the FDS tendon absence was an independent entity for the PL absence. The dominance of hands was not related to the tested variables found in PL and FDS agenesis.

Prevalence of Absence of Palmaris Longus and Its Association with Gender, Hand Dominance and Absence of FDS Tendon to Little Finger Among Malay Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 484-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Wen Yong ◽  
Nabihah Yusof ◽  
Lekhraj Rampal ◽  
Manohar Arumugam
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Function ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Malay Population ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Little Finger ◽  
Sign Method

Background: Palmaris Longus is being widely used in reconstructive, plastic and cosmetic surgeries due to its long tendon. It is the most readily available source for tendon grafting. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of absence of Palmaris Longus and its association with gender, hand dominance and absence of FDS (flexor digitorum superficialis) tendon to little finger among Malay population. Methods: An analytical cross sectional study design was used and a self-administered proforma was distributed for data collection. 1239 Malay secondary school children in Putrajaya were tested for absence of Palmaris Longus using Schaffer’s test. 4 additional tests namely Thompson’s test, Mishra’s test I, Mishra’s test II and Pushpakumar’s ‘two-finger sign’ method were used to confirm its absence in respondents with negative Schaffer’s test. Function of Flexor Digitorum Superficialis tendon to little finger was determined by flexing PIP of little finger while hyperextend the other fingers. Results: The prevalence of absence of Palmaris Longus was 11.7%. Left side absence of Palmaris Longus was much common. There was a significant association between absence of Palmaris Longus with gender in which female had higher prevalence of absence of Palmaris Longus than male. Conclusions: In conclusion, the prevalence of absence of Palmaris Longus in Malay population was lower than Indian but higher than Chinese population. Females had higher prevalence of absence of Palmaris Longus and no association can be found with hand dominance and absence of Flexor Digitorum Superficialis tendon to little finger.

scholarly journals Palmaris longus absence in six largest Indonesian ethnicities and its relationship with gender, ethnicity, and hand dominance

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syaiful A. Hadi ◽  
Dody P. Masri
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Absence Rate ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Palmaris longus (PL) tendon is often used as graft in tendon or ligament reconstruction. PL absence is a normal variation in human body. Its prevalence was different in various population. Serbian population had an absence rate of 42.4%, but in the Korean population it was only 4.0%. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PL absence in various ethnic of Indonesian population and its relationship with gender and side of hand dominance. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 1230 people from six ethnicities in Indonesia. The absence of PL was determined by Schaeffer test and confirmed with Mishra and Thompson test. Data collection was performed by a single examiner in various cities in Indonesia. The relationship between PL absence with ethnicity, gender, and hand dominance were determined by Chi-square test. Results: Prevalence of PL absence in overall Indonesian population was 10.4% (bilateral 37.5% and unilateral 62.5%). The highest were in Batak and Madura ethnicities (15.5%), followed by Sunda (11.8%), Java (10.0%), Betawi (6.0%), and the lowest was Minang ethnicity (4.1%) (p = 0.008). Prevalence of PL absence in female and male were 10.7% 10.2%, respectively, p > 0.05).Conclusion: Compared to range of prevalence in other countries in the world, prevalence of PL absence in Indonesian population was moderate (10.4%). There was significant difference found between ethnicity, but not in gender. Surgeon should consider this data when planning for reconstruction procedures using PL graft in Indonesian population.

An assessment of the effects of variations in the Palmaris longus tendon and the fifth superficial flexor digitorum on pinch and grip strength

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 743-747
Author(s):  
A.R. Sadeghifar ◽  
A. Karbalaeikhani ◽  
A.R. Saied
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Longus Tendon ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Palmaris Longus Tendon ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

INTRODUCTION: The effect of the absence or presence of the Palmaris longus tendon on pinch and grip strength was investigated in this study. Similarly, the effect of the presence or absence of the fifth superficial flexor digitorum on grip strength in the hand was studied. The aim of the present study was to assess the combined effect of these anatomical variations on pinch and grip strength. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 523 volunteers and their 1046 hands were enrolled. Each hand was assessed for the presence or absence of the Palmaris longus tendon and for variations in the fifth superficial flexor digitorum function. Then the grip and pinch power of the hands were measured with the Jammar Dynamometer. RESULTS: The presence or absence of Palmaris longus had no effect on grip strength in the individuals studied. Likewise, variations in fifth superficial flexor digitorum function had no effect on grip and pinch strengths. But the results of statistical testing showed the effect of the presence of Palmaris longus on pinch strength (25.38 lbs in hands with Palmaris present vs 24.43 lbs in hands without Palmaris). Pinch and grip power was higher in men than in women and in the right hand than in the left. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of the present study, it seems that absence of the Palmaris longus tendon is associated with a reduction in pinch strength but has no effect on grip strength, and the variations in the fifth superficial flexor digitorum (flexor digitorum superficialis, or FDS) have no effect on pinch and grip strengths.

Functional Absence of Flexor Digitorum Superficialis to the Little Finger and Absence of Palmaris Longus – Is There A Link?

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. W. THOMPSON ◽  
B. J. MOCKFORD ◽  
T. RASHEED ◽  
K. J. HERBERT
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Bilateral Absence ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Little Finger

We examined 150 men and 150 women aged 18–40 years to assess flexor digitorum superficialis function to the little finger and the incidence of palmaris longus absence. All patients had flexor digitorum superficialis function to the little finger assessed by standard and modified tests. The presence or absence of palmaris longus was assessed by clinical inspection. Following modified testing, ten subjects (14 hands) displayed absolute superficialis deficiency to the little finger. Forty-nine subjects had unilateral absence of palmaris longus (16%). This tendon was absent bilaterally in 26 subjects (9%). On combining the clinical findings, one subject had unilateral absence of flexor digitorum superficialis function to the little finger with contralateral absence of palmaris longus, and one subject had bilateral absence of flexor digitorium superficialis function with unilateral absence of palmaris longus. We conclude that there is no link between an absent little finger flexor digitorium superficialis and an absent palmaris longus.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Absence of Palmaris Longus Tendon in Nepalese Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Nitasha Sharma ◽  
Bikash Parajuli ◽  
Niraj Pandey ◽  
Ram Prakash Shah
Keyword(s):  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Horizontal Shear ◽  
Flexor Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Bilateral Absence ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Palmar Aponeurosis

INTRODUCTION: The palmaris longus (PL) is a tendinous superficial flexor of forearm. It basically, anchor skin and fascia of hand resist the horizontal shear force in distal direction. It also helps in tightening of palmar aponeurosis. Along with other flexor muscle it also helps in flexion of wrist joint. The incidence of absence of palmaris longus is in great variation from 1.5 to 63.9%. Its variation of absence has attracted many researchers globally. The aim of the present study is to know occurrence of absence of PL in Nepalese population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a   cross sectional   descriptive observational study conducted among 270 medical students (MBBS, BDS) at Universal College of Medical Science, Bhairawaha in year the  2018-2019. Ethical approval for study was taken from institutional review committee (IRC). Four tests-Schaeffer's Test, Thompson's Fist, Mishra's Test and Puspa Kumar's two finger sign were used to see the absence/presence of Palmaris longus. A semi-structured proforma was used to collect the data. RESULTS: Out of 270 students, there were 145 (53.7%) females and 125 (46.3%) males. Age of the subject range from 19-23 years with a mean age of 19.91  years. The overall absence of palmaris longus was seen in 40 students (14.8%) which included 18 males (14.4%) and 22 females (15.2%). Bilateral absence of palmaris longus was seen in 10 students (3.7%) whereas unilateral absence of palmaris longus was seen 14 males (11.2%) and 16 females (11.03%). CONCLUSION: This present study concluded that overall absence of palmaris longus was seen in 14.8% subjects. Gender wise distribution showed that 14.4% males and 15.2%  had the absence of palmaris longus. Thus, sound knowledge about this variation is important in planning graft surgeries.

Prevalence of Gingival Pigmentation and its Association with Gingival Biotype and Skin Colour

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Arjun Hari Rijal ◽  
Bhageshwar Dhami ◽  
Nashib Pandey ◽  
Deepa Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Strong Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Skin Colour ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attached Gingiva ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Gingival Epithelium ◽  
Interdental Papilla ◽  
Gingival Biotype

Introduction: The facial appearance depends on several oral and extraoral factors including colour of facial skin and pigmentation of gingival epithelium. The colour of the gingiva varies among individuals and is thought to be associated with cutaneous pigmentation which ranges from light to dark brown or black colour. Objective: To assess the prevalence of physiological gingival pigmentation, gingival biotype and their association with skin colur in Nepalese subjects visiting Kantipur Dental College and Hospital (KDCH). Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study which was carried out from February 2020 to June 2020 in all patients of age-group 16 to 80 years visiting the Department of Periodontics at KDCH after ethical approval. Patients were recruited by convenience sampling and examined thoroughly to find out gingival biotype and extent of gingival pigmentation intraorally as well as skin colour extraorally. Results: In this study, 210 patients were examined among which, 105 (50%) were males and 105 (50%) were females. Out of 210, 33 (15.7%) had pink tissue without pigmentation, 84 (40%) had pigmentation only in attached gingiva, 58 (27.6%) in attached gingiva and interdental papilla, 32 (15.2%) had diffuse pigmentation involving all parts of gingiva, 2 (1%) had in marginal gingiva only, and 1 (0.5%) in marginal gingiva and interdental papilla. Conclusion: A strong association was found between gingival pigmentation and facial skin colour in present study (P <0.001). Establishing the pattern of gingival pigmentation in Nepalese population will help to choose a specific depigmentation therapy that will harmonise with skin colour.  

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward COVID-19 in a Saudi Arabian Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cureus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah K Almofada ◽  
Reem J Alherbisch ◽  
Nouf A Almuhraj ◽  
Bander N Almeshary ◽  
Bader Alrabiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Arabian Population ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

scholarly journals Prevalence of Postpartum Family Planning Service Coverage in Selected Referral Facilities of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (221) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusum Thapa ◽  
Rolina Dhital ◽  
Sameena Rajbhandari ◽  
Shikha Thapa ◽  
Sabina Pokhrel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Planning Method ◽  
Family Planning Method ◽  
Postpartum Contraception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postpartum Family Planning ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Service Coverage

Introduction: Nepal Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists jointly with the Nepalese governmentand with the support from the International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology hasimplemented an initiative to institutionalize postpartum family planning services in selected majorreferral facilities of Nepal to address the gap of low uptake of postpartum family planning in Nepal.The aim of the study is to find the prevalence of the service coverage of postpartum contraception inthe selected facilities. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in seven major referral facilities acrossNepal. Data were collected from the hospital records of all women who delivered in these facilitiesbetween October 2018 and March 2019. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from NepalHealth Research Council. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 23. Results: Among the 29,072 deliveries from all the facilities, postpartum family planning counselingcoverage was 27,301 (93.9%). The prevalence of uptake of Postpartum Intrauterine Device is 1581(5.4%) and female sterilization is 1830 (6.3%). In total 11387 mothers (52.2%) had the intention tochoose a postpartum family planning method. However, 36% of mothers neither used nor had theintention to choose a postpartum family planning method. Conclusions: The coverage of Postpartum Intrauterine Device counseling service coverage in Nepal ishigher in 2018 as compared to 2016-2017 and in other countries implementing Postpartum IntrauterineDevice initiatives. However, the prevalence of service coverage of immediate Postpartum FamilyPlanning methods, mainly Postpartum Intrauterine Device in 2018 is lower in Nepal as compared to2016-2017, and other countries implementing Postpartum Intrauterine Device initiative. More effortsare needed to encourage mothers delivering in the facilities to use the postpartum family planningmethod.

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