scholarly journals Influence of Processing Parameters on Laser Direct Joining of CFRTP and Stainless Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyuan Sheng ◽  
Junke Jiao ◽  
Beining Du ◽  
Feiya Wang ◽  
Qiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Joint Interface ◽  
Joint Shear Strength ◽  
Laser Joining ◽  
Joint Quality ◽  
Clamping Pressure

The CFRTP and the stainless steel were joined by the fiber laser, and the effect of processing parameters on the joint quality was investigated in detail. The heat-affected zone on the stainless steel and the microstructure of the joint interface were examined and analyzed. The results showed that the laser joining process refines the microstructure of the fusion and heat-affected zones in the stainless steel. And the tensile strength of the joint was affected greatly by the laser power and scanning speed but slightly by the clamping pressure. With the PPS additive, the joint shear strength could be improved, and the optimal PPS additive thickness is 300 μm. With the best parameters, joint with a shear strength of 15–17 MPa could be obtained as the laser power is 320–350 W, the scanning speed is 4-5 mm/s, the clamping pressure is about 0.5 Mpa, and the additive PPS thickness is about 300 μm.

scholarly journals Collaborative Optimization on Density and Surface Roughness of 316L Stainless Steel in Selective Laser Melting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Deng ◽  
Zhongfa Mao ◽  
Nan Yang ◽  
Xiaodong Niu ◽  
Xiangdong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Collaborative Optimization ◽  
Laser Melting

Although the concept of additive manufacturing has been proposed for several decades, momentum of selective laser melting (SLM) is finally starting to build. In SLM, density and surface roughness, as the important quality indexes of SLMed parts, are dependent on the processing parameters. However, there are few studies on their collaborative optimization in SLM to obtain high relative density and low surface roughness simultaneously in the previous literature. In this work, the response surface method was adopted to study the influences of different processing parameters (laser power, scanning speed and hatch space) on density and surface roughness of 316L stainless steel parts fabricated by SLM. The statistical relationship model between processing parameters and manufacturing quality is established. A multi-objective collaborative optimization strategy considering both density and surface roughness is proposed. The experimental results show that the main effects of processing parameters on the density and surface roughness are similar. It is noted that the effects of the laser power and scanning speed on the above objective quality show highly significant, while hatch space behaves an insignificant impact. Based on the above optimization, 316L stainless steel parts with excellent surface roughness and relative density can be obtained by SLM with optimized processing parameters.

Optimization of Laser Transmission Joining Process between Different Thermoplastics using Response Surface Methodology

2011 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 1433-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Kai Xu ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Min Feng Jiang ◽  
Yang Hu ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Pet Film ◽  
Joint Quality ◽  
Clamping Pressure

In order to determine the optimum joint conditions, four key process parameters affecting the joint quality of laser transmission joint of 1mm thick PET film and PC film，namely，laser power, scanning speed, clamping pressure and scanning number are optimized by response surface methodology in this paper. The interaction effect of main process parameters on joint quality is researched. The samples are tested using a multi-axis microtester in order to determine joint strength. The morphology of the joining area is observed with an optical microscope. Design Expert analysis indicates that the best laser power, scanning speed, clamping pressure and scanning number on joint quality were 35.7W, 5.0mm/s, 0.75MPa, 3, respectively. Finally, the experimental results are consistent with the predicted, which illustrates that the developed mathematical models can predict the responses adequately.

scholarly journals Collaborative Optimization of Density and Surface Roughness of 316L Stainless Steel in Selective Laser Melting

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Deng ◽  
Zhongfa Mao ◽  
Nan Yang ◽  
Xiaodong Niu ◽  
Xiangdong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Collaborative Optimization ◽  
Laser Melting

Although the concept of additive manufacturing has been proposed for several decades, momentum in the area of selective laser melting (SLM) is finally starting to build. In SLM, density and surface roughness, as the important quality indexes of SLMed parts, are dependent on the processing parameters. However, there are few studies on their collaborative optimization during SLM to obtain high relative density and low surface roughness simultaneously in the literature. In this work, the response surface method was adopted to study the influences of different processing parameters (laser power, scanning speed and hatch space) on density and surface roughness of 316L stainless steel parts fabricated by SLM. A statistical relationship model between processing parameters and manufacturing quality is established. A multi-objective collaborative optimization strategy considering both density and surface roughness is proposed. The experimental results show that the main effects of processing parameters on the density and surface roughness are similar. We observed that the laser power and scanning speed significantly affected the above objective quality, but the influence of the hatch spacing was comparatively low. Based on the above optimization, 316L stainless steel parts with excellent surface roughness and relative density can be obtained by SLM with optimized processing parameters.

Optimization of built-part distortion in laser powder bed fusion processing of Inconel 718

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
You-Cheng Chang ◽  
Hong-Chuong Tran ◽  
Yu-Lung Lo
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Simulation Results

Purpose Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) provides the means to produce unique components with almost no restriction on geometry in an extremely short time. However, the high-temperature gradient and high cooling rate produced during the fabrication process result in residual stress, which may prompt part warpage, cracks or even baseplate separation. Accordingly, an appropriate selection of the LPBF processing parameters is essential to ensure the quality of the built part. This study, thus, aims to develop an integrated simulation framework consisting of a single-track heat transfer model and a modified inherent shrinkage method model for predicting the curvature of an Inconel 718 cantilever beam produced using the LPBF process. Design/methodology/approach The simulation results for the curvature of the cantilever beam are calibrated via a comparison with the experimental observations. It is shown that the calibration factor required to drive the simulation results toward the experimental measurements has the same value for all settings of the laser power and scanning speed. Representative combinations of the laser power and scanning speed are, thus, chosen using the circle packing design method and supplied as inputs to the validated simulation framework to predict the corresponding cantilever beam curvature and density. The simulation results are then used to train artificial neural network models to predict the curvature and solid cooling rate of the cantilever beam for any combination of the laser power and scanning speed within the input design space. The resulting processing maps are screened in accordance with three quality criteria, namely, the part density, the radius of curvature and the solid cooling rate, to determine the optimal processing parameters for the LPBF process. Findings It is shown that the parameters lying within the optimal region of the processing map reduce the curvature of the cantilever beam by 17.9% and improve the density by as much as 99.97%. Originality/value The present study proposes a computational framework, which could find the parameters that not only yield the lowest distortion but also produce fully dense components in the LPBF process.

Effect of Laser Processing Parameters on Microhole Quality of Aluminium Nitride Ceramics

2021 ◽  
Vol 871 ◽  
pp. 277-283
Author(s):  
Chun Yan Yang ◽  
Yun Hao ◽  
Bozhe Wang ◽  
Hai Yuan ◽  
Liu Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Laser Processing ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Picosecond Laser ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Recast Layer ◽  
Aluminium Nitride ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Nitride Ceramics

A picosecond laser in spin-cutting mode was used to drill 500μm diameter microholes on 150μm thick aluminium nitride ceramic. The effects of laser processing parameters such as the laser power, scanning speed, and defocus amount on the microhole quality were studied. The results show that as the laser power increases, the inlet and outlet diameters of the holes increase, the taper decreases slightly, and the thickness of the recast layer decreases evidently. The scanning speed has no obvious effect on the diameter and taper of the hole; however, the hole can not be drilled through when the speed is too large. Positive defocus can effectively reduce the taper of the hole. Under 28.5W laser power, 400Hz frequency, 200mm/s scanning speed, and zero defocus amount conditions, high-quality microholes with a taper of 0.85° were obtained.

Shear Strength and Fracture Location of Dissimilar A6063 Aluminum Alloy and SUS430 Stainless Steel Lap Joint

2018 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paiboon Yaemphuan ◽  
Surat Triwanapong ◽  
Kittipong Kimapong
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Joint Interface ◽  
Tensile Shear Strength ◽  
Fracture Path ◽  
Lap Joint ◽  
Tensile Shear ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Tilted Angle

In this paper, friction stir welding (FSW) was used to weld the dissimilar A6063 Aluminum/SUS430 stainless steel lap joint with various parameter setting in a welding process. The setting included a rotating speed between 125-750 rpm, a welding speed between the 25-175 mm/min and 0-5 degrees of tool tilted angle. The welded lap joints were systematically examined in regard of the tensile-shear strength, the fracture path, and microstructure. The experimental results were concluded as follows. The decrease in the welding heat input generated from the low rotating speed and the high welding resulted in decreasing of the shear strength. A degree of a tool tilted angle affected a shear strength, and a change in the strength came from the different rate in material combination at the joint interface. The increase in a tensile-shear strength occurred for specimens produced in 0-2 degrees of a tool tilted angle while 3-5 degrees affected in decreasing. The highest shear strength of 11,870 N was obtained when the lap joint was produced by the rotating speed of 500 rpm, the welding speed of 50 mm/min and the tool tilted angle at 2 degrees. The fracture path found in the specimen with the maximum shear strength was located in the Al stirred zone, not in the joint interface.

Experimental Study on Pore-Defect by Selective Laser Melting of 316L Stainless Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 801 ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
Xin Yu Liu ◽  
Lu Pan ◽  
Wen Hao Wang ◽  
Si Yao Li
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Product Density ◽  
Air Bubble ◽  
Test Verification

With different process parameters (laser power, scanning speed and scanning distance),the low-time defects of forming part were studied by microscope,including air bubble, pore, micro-crack and macro-crack. The formation mechanism of pore-defect was analyzed. The micro-structure and composition of the pore-defect were studied by means of SEM and EDS. The results showed that the porosity mainly included circular air porosity, irregular process porosity and oxide inclusion.Linear energy density (E=P/v) was introduced as synthetic parameter.According to analysis and test verification, the optimum technological parameters of 316L stainless steel were laser power 190-210KW, laser speed 800-1000mm/s and scanning interval 0.9-0.11mm,and the linear energy density was about 200J/m. There were no cracks, no bubbles, a small amount of porosity, and the product density reached 99.7%.

scholarly journals Parametric Study on In Situ Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Mo(Si1−x,Alx)2

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4849
Author(s):  
T. Minasyan ◽  
S. Aydinyan ◽  
E. Toyserkani ◽  
I. Hussainova
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Side Surface ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Melt Pool ◽  
Scan Speed ◽  
Good Surface Finish

Mo(Si1−x,Alx)2 composites were produced by a pulsed laser reactive selective laser melting of MoSi2 and 30 wt.% AlSi10Mg powder mixture. The parametric study, altering the laser power between 100 and 300 W and scan speed between 400 and 1500 mm·s−1, has been conducted to estimate the effect of processing parameters on printed coupon samples’ quality. It was shown that samples prepared at 150–200 W laser power and 400–500 mm·s−1 scan speed, as well as 250 W laser power along with 700 mm·s−1 scan speed, provide a relatively good surface finish with 6.5 ± 0.5 µm–10.3 ± 0.8 µm roughness at the top of coupons, and 9.3 ± 0.7 µm–13.2 ± 1.1 µm side surface roughness in addition to a remarkable chemical and microstructural homogeneity. An increase in the laser power and a decrease in the scan speed led to an apparent improvement in the densification behavior resulting in printed coupons of up to 99.8% relative density and hardness of ~600 HV1 or ~560 HV5. The printed parts are composed of epitaxially grown columnar dendritic melt pool cores and coarser dendrites beyond the morphological transition zone in overlapped regions. An increase in the scanning speed at a fixed laser power and a decrease in the power at a fixed scan speed prohibited the complete single displacement reaction between MoSi2 and aluminum, leading to unreacted MoSi2 and Al lean hexagonal Mo(Si1−x,Alx)2 phase.

Optimal Scanning Condition of Selective Laser Melting Processing with Stainless Steel 316L Powder

2011 ◽  
Vol 341-342 ◽  
pp. 816-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apinya Laohaprapanon ◽  
Pongnarin Jeamwatthanachai ◽  
Marut Wongcumchang ◽  
Nattapon Chantarapanich ◽  
Surapon Chantaweroad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Processing Condition ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Optimal Processing

This study aimed to investigate the stainless steel 316L processing by means of selective laser melting (SLM). The processing parameters under consideration included laser power (25-225 W), scanning speed (50-320 mm/s), and scan spacing (0.04 and 0.06 mm). Every processing was constrained the layer thickness as of 100 µm. All parameters were performed based on two experiments, line scanning and multiple layers scanning. Each of final workpieces was examined by visual inspection, density measurement, hardness, and built rate. From the experiments, the optimal processing conditions which produced the smooth tracks were obtained. The workpiece processed by this optimal processing condition presented quality characteristics with 97.6% density and 220±6 HV hardness.

Effect of processing parameters on forming defects during selective laser melting of AlSi10Mg powder

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 871-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haihua Wu ◽  
Junfeng Li ◽  
Zhengying Wei ◽  
Pei Wei
Keyword(s):  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Argon Pressure ◽  
Powder Layer ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Scan Speed ◽  
Forming Defects

Purpose To fabricate a selective laser melting (SLM)-processed AlSi10Mg part with almost full density and free of any apparent pores, this study aims to investigate the effect of ambient argon pressure and laser scanning speed on the particles splash during the AlSi10Mg powder bed laser melting. Design/methodology/approach Based on the discrete element method (DEM), a 3D model of random distribution of powder particles was established, and the 3D free surface of SLM forming process was dynamically tracked by the volume of fluid, where a Gaussian laser beam acts as the energy source melting the powder bed. Through the numerical simulation and process experimental research, the effect of the applied laser power and scanning speed on the operating laser melting temperature was studied. Findings The process stability has a fundamental role in the porosity formation, which is process-dependent. The effect of the processing conditions on the process stability and the resultant forming defects were clarified. Research limitations/implications The results shows that the pores were the main defects present in the SLM-processed AlSi10Mg sample, which decreases the densification level of the sample. Practical implications The optimal processing parameters (argon pressure of 1,000 Pa, laser power of 180 W, scan speed of 1,000 mm/s, powder layer thickness of 35 µm and hatch spacing of 50 µm ) applied during laser melting can improve the quality of selective laser melting of AlSi10Mg, Social implications It can provide a technological support for 3D printing. Originality/value Based on the analysis of the pore and balling formation mechanisms, the optimal processing parameters have been obtained, which were argon pressure of 1,000 Pa, laser power of 180 W, scan speed of 1,000 mm/s, powder layer thickness of 35 µm and hatch spacing of 50 µm. Then, a near-fully dense sample free of any apparent pores on the cross-sectional microstructure was produced by SLM, wherein the relative density of the as-built samples is larger than 97.5%.

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