scholarly journals A 13-Year-Old with Coexistence of Gastric Volvulus and Leprosy: A Case Report of Two Rare Entities

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Joanna Schneider ◽  
Rhett Mays
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Volvulus ◽  
Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Marshall Islands ◽  
Hansen's Disease ◽  
Skin Changes ◽  
Hansen’S Disease ◽  
History Of

Leprosy, or Hansen’s disease, is caused by infection with Mycobacterium leprae. It is a rare diagnosis within the continental United States. We present the case of a 13-year-old immigrant from the Marshall Islands who presented with recurrent nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain which are found to be due to intermittent gastric volvulus. Gastric volvulus is also exceedingly rare, with less than 8 pediatric cases on average per year. During her second hospitalization for recurrent acute gastrointestinal issues, nonspecific skin lesions were biopsied, revealing infection with M. leprae. The patient did not exhibit classic symptoms of leprosy but did have prominent skin changes including diffuse nodules. This case explores the pathophysiology connecting leprosy to volvulus, discussing the possible role of an inflammatory response to infection in causing gastric volvulus. The finding of lepromatous leprosy may have been unrelated but was fortuitous, as early intervention will result in avoidance of debilitating peripheral neuropathy and eventual disfiguration from Hansen’s disease. This case highlights the importance of considering rare causes of gastric outlet obstruction including gastric volvulus and of considering leprosy in the differential for patients with unusual skin lesions or paresthesias who have a history of living or traveling in endemic areas.

scholarly journals Mycobacterium lepromatosis as a Second Agent of Hansen’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Deps ◽  
Simon M. Collin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Hansen's Disease ◽  
Hansen’S Disease ◽  
Mycobacterium Lepromatosis

Mycobacterium lepromatosis was identified as a new species and second causal agent of Hansen’s disease (HD, or leprosy) in 2008, 150years after the disease was first attributed to Mycobacterium leprae. M. lepromatosis has been implicated in a small number of HD cases, and clinical aspects of HD caused by M. lepromatosis are poorly characterized. HD is a recognized zoonosis through transmission of M. leprae from armadillos, but the role of M. lepromatosis as a zoonotic agent of HD is unknown. M. lepromatosis was initially associated with diffuse lepromatous leprosy, but subsequent case reports and surveys have linked it to other forms of HD. HD caused by M. lepromatosis has been reported from three endemic countries: Brazil, Myanmar, and Philippines, and three non-endemic countries: Mexico, Malaysia, and United States. Contact with armadillos in Mexico was mentioned in 2/21 M. lepromatosis HD case reports since 2008. M. lepromatosis in animals has been investigated only in non-endemic countries, in squirrels and chipmunks in Europe, white-throated woodrats in Mexico, and armadillos in the United States. To date, there have only been a small number of positive findings in Eurasian red squirrels in Britain and Ireland. A single study of environmental samples found no M. lepromatosis in soil from a Scottish red squirrel habitat. Future studies must focus on endemic countries to determine the true proportion of HD cases caused by M. lepromatosis, and whether viable M. lepromatosis occurs in non-human sources.

scholarly journals Memories and history of Hansen's disease in Brazil told by witnesses (1960-2000)

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 308-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurinda Rosa Maciel ◽  
Maria Leide Wand-del-Rey de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Eugênia N. Gallo ◽  
Mariana Santos Damasco
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Social Scientist ◽  
Hansen's Disease ◽  
Hansen’S Disease ◽  
History Of

This report is a preliminary result of a survey on memories and history of Hansen's disease, or 'hanseniasis', prepared by the Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) and the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) using statements from those who have been afflicted by the disease or those that have fought against it. It outlines the methodology used by the authors and gives a succinct history of Hansen's disease in Brazil, together with information on the stage of the survey with extracts from our archives of statements. The founding and the role of Movement for the Reintegration of People Afflicted by Hansen's Disease (Morhan) are explained in the testimony of Thomas Frist, a social scientist who worked in Brazil in the 1970s and 1980s, when the country's old colonies were being restructured, and Cristiano Torres, a former patient who spent time in prevention centers and leproseries in Pará state and who is now active in proposing new policy for the control of Hansen's disease.

Protective role of vitamin E on the oxidative stress in Hansen's disease (Leprosy) patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1121-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Vijayaraghavan ◽  
C S Suribabu ◽  
B Sekar ◽  
P K Oommen ◽  
S N Kavithalakshmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Hansen's Disease ◽  
Hansen’S Disease ◽  
Leprosy Patients

scholarly journals PROFIL PENDERITA MORBUS HANSEN (MH) DI POLIKLINIK KULIT DAN KELAMIN BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE JANUARI – DESEMBER 2012

e-CliniC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia I. Tiwow ◽  
Renate T. Kandou ◽  
Herry E. J. Pandaleke
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Hansen's Disease ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Hansen’S Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Infection Disease ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

Abstract: Hansen’s Disease is a chronic infection disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The transmission of this disease is by direct contact with Hansen’s Disease patients in a long period of time, and by inhalation. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of hansen’s disease patients in Dermatovenereology clinic of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado during the period from January – December 2012. This is a descriptive retrospective study. The result of this study showed that among 112 patients with hansen’s disease, the highest rate was within 25-44 age group (46.4%), where male patients outnumbered females (64.3%). Most of the patients reside in the district of Singkil (12.5%). Multibacillary leprosy was most frequent (89.3%). There were 16% patients with ENL reactions. The disability stage 2 were found in 8,1% patients. Most patients had no history of treatment with MDT (54.5%). Keywords: Hansen’s Disease, profile.   Abstrak: Morbus Hansen (MH) adalah penyakit infeksi kronik yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium leprae. Penularan terjadi melalui kontak langsung dalam jangka waktu yang lama dan melalui inhalasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil penderita morbus hansen di poliklinik kulit dan kelamin BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado periode Januari-Desember 2012. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif retrospektif. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan dari 112 penderita MH (10,22%) terbanyak berasal dari kelompok umur 25-44 tahun (46,4%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (64,3%), tempat tinggal kecamatan Singkil (12,5%), tipe MH terbanyak tipe Multibasiler (89,3%), terdapat reaksi ENL sebanyak 16%, kecacatan tingkat 2 sebanyak 8,1%, dan riwayat pengobatan terbanyak belum pernah melakukan pengobatan MDT sebelumnya (54,5%). Kata Kunci: Morbus Hansen, profil.

scholarly journals Hansen's disease – a forgotten disease?

JRSM Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 205427042110359
Author(s):  
Paula Marques Ferreira ◽  
Inês Rueff Rato ◽  
Joana Rigor ◽  
Margarida Mota
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Biopsy Result ◽  
Hansen's Disease ◽  
Hansen’S Disease ◽  
Systemic Treatments ◽  
Triple Treatment

Hansen's disease, also known as leprosy, is an infection caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae. The authors present the case of a 52-year-old man, born in Tondela and living in Espinho, with no pathological antecedents. The clinical picture began in April 2017, when macular lesions appeared in the lower limbs and rapidly progressed to the trunk and upper limbs, associated with complaints of pruritus but without alterations in the analytical study. After several topical and systemic treatments with glucocorticoids, antifungals, antibacterials and unsuccessful antihistamines, he was referred to an external consultation of Dermatology. He performed a biopsy of one of the lesions that revealed the definitive diagnosis: “Lepromatous Leprosy”. After the biopsy result, he started triple treatment with rifampicin, clofazimine and dapsone with improvement of the condition.

scholarly journals Humoral immunity in Hansen's Disease

1995 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldenise Cossermelli-Messina ◽  
Wilson Cossermelli
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Hansen's Disease ◽  
Hansen’S Disease ◽  
Polar Forms

For many years immune response in leprosy has been studied. Since 1960 several reports dealing with humoral immunity have been described in the literature. Different autoantibody rates occur in leprosy. There is an increase in the prevalence of autoantibodies in elderly patients with long standing disease, in lepromatous leprosy and in those with reactional states. The diferences in rates among various studies are attributed to different methods and variations among patient samples concerning age, gender, polar forms, therapy and other elements. The prevalence of numerous antibodies, immune complexes, cryoglobulins and complement levels have been studied by many authors. This also highlights the importance of the more recent reviews of anti-Mycobacterium leprae glycolipid antibodies such as the anti-phenolic glycolipid-I antibodies in which titers are variable and depend on genetic factors.

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